Often parents, as well as grandparents, try to pamper their baby with “something tasty.” Unfortunately, they don’t always act as treats healthy foods. Meanwhile, food preferences, which largely determine human health, are formed in childhood. How can you help your child avoid addiction to unhealthy foods and instill in him a taste for healthy foods?
Let's talk about proper nutrition child after one year. In addition to the fact that food intake replenishes the energy expenditure of a child aged 1-3 years, covers his need for nutrients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates), vitamins and minerals, it also performs an educational function, instills in the child good manners and develops his aesthetic taste . It is important to teach your child to eat properly from a very early age, because it is during this period that taste preferences are formed. If time is lost, it will be difficult to change anything in the baby’s preferences. In other words, if a child is not taught to eat fish or vegetables at this age, in the future he may not like these products, or if the baby gets used to the high content of salt and sugar in food from childhood, then this will form his further incorrect taste preferences.
Of course, it is best not to introduce your child to unhealthy foods in the first place. It is from us, parents, that the baby learns what over-salted or overly sweet dishes are. Breast milk has a slightly sweet taste, most infant formulas are bland or tasteless, and first complementary foods also have the natural taste of the products themselves. What do many mothers and grandmothers do? They add salt or sugar to food “for taste,” believing that this way the baby will eat it more willingly. This should not be done: from the point of view of a healthy diet, food does not need additional added sugar or salt.
It is advisable to start revising your family diet towards a healthy diet even before the baby is born or immediately after his birth. If you haven't done this yet, it's time to start at least a year ago, because the baby learns to eat by looking at how and what you eat. Switching to a healthy diet is not that difficult. Yes, at first, food with a small amount of salt and spices will seem tasteless. But a couple of weeks will pass, or even less, and the receptors of the tongue will become more sensitive to the natural taste of products and it will turn out that it is very bright and unique.
What should be excluded or limited?
Sweets. Sugar and all products in which it is included: confectionery, ice cream, sweetened juices are not recommended at all for children under 3 years of age. This also applies to chocolate. In addition to the fact that chocolate contains a very large amount of sugar, it also contains too much cocoa and various additives, which very often cause allergies in children.
As an alternative, you can offer your baby marshmallows, fruit marmalade and marshmallows: they do not contain sugar, and fructose (fruit sugar found in fruits and vegetables) gives them a sweet taste, which is beneficial for the body.
In principle, herbal tea with sugar or jam can sometimes be given to a child as a treat, but in combination with other foods, sweets are strictly contraindicated. When eaten with starches or proteins, sugar causes putrefactive fermentation and discomfort in the baby's stomach. Honey in moderate quantities does not cause such reactions, therefore, if there is no allergy, 1-2 teaspoons of honey can be added to tea, porridge or when preparing dessert.
Berry preparations with sugar are much less harmful than just sugar. The fact is that during storage, the enzymes of berries and fruits convert some of the sugar into fructose; moreover, such mixtures contain many vitamins. But still, preserves, jams and other “live” sugar-based products are products that need to be eaten little by little: no more than 3-5 teaspoons or 7-10 berries from the jam in the form of a delicacy and not every day.
Salt. Ideally, almost no salt is used in baby food. The salt limit for children 1-3 years old is up to 3 g per day - this is about half a teaspoon, and for the taste of an adult, children's products should be under-salted. Excess salt causes fluid retention in the body, which leads to increased stress on the child’s kidneys and blood vessels. Usually, when preparing a child’s food, they do not add salt to it; the salt contained in the food itself is sufficient.
Crispy potatoes, salty crackers, some cheeses (which have a salty taste) and other over-salted foods are excluded from the baby's menu.
Mushrooms. Foods such as mushrooms are not allowed in the diet of a child under three years of age: they are very difficult to digest in the intestines. In addition, mushrooms, like a sponge, absorb huge amounts of heavy metals, toxic and radioactive substances. This may cause stomach upset or poisoning in the child.
Seasonings. For increase taste qualities seasonings can be used in food (from the age of one - parsley, dill, basil, cilantro, and from 1.5-2 years - garlic, onion, sorrel). It is better if these seasonings are prepared independently: dill, cilantro, basil and parsley can be dried or frozen, green onions can be grown in the window almost all year round or bought fresh, fresh garlic should be added finely chopped to ready-made dishes.
Store-bought spices, and especially their mixtures, are not used in baby food. The fact is that such sets of spices often contain, in addition to herbs, salt and flavor enhancers, such as monosodium glutamate. This substance is involved in the transmission of impulses in the central nervous system, has a pronounced stimulating effect and is used in psychiatry as a medicine. Foods containing a lot of glutamate are both physically and mentally addictive. This flavor enhancer is the cause of diseases of the digestive system, such as gastritis or stomach ulcers, and experiments have proven its negative effect on the brain and retina. Children who often eat foods containing monosodium glutamate complain of headaches, rapid heartbeat, muscle weakness, and fever; Monosodium glutamate also changes the hormonal status in the body. And it is found not only in spices, but also in fast food products, sausages and smoked meats. A large amount of this food additive, as well as dyes and salt, is found in chips, crackers and various snacks. In addition, they contain a large number of so-called empty calories, which cause a false feeling of fullness and obesity, discourage appetite, and do not bring any benefit to the body. The method of their preparation - namely frying in boiling oil, which is used repeatedly - leads to the formation of a large amount of carcinogenic substances in the product. The same applies to other dishes that are prepared using a similar technology, for example, French fries, which are generally unacceptable for a child to eat.
Vinegar, pepper, tomato sauces, mustard, marinades and other hot or sour seasonings are designed to “improve” the taste of dishes. They cope with the task perfectly, but at the same time they strongly irritate the digestive and excretory organs, interfere with their normal functioning and contribute to the development of many diseases, therefore these seasonings are unacceptable in the diet of young children. It is also unacceptable for a child to consume mayonnaise: it is a high-calorie product, consisting of more than 65% fat. It contains high amounts of sodium and cholesterol.
Roast. Anything fried for a child under 3 years of age is prohibited, because this type of processing produces toxic and carcinogenic substances (from the Latin cancer - “cancer” and genus - “causing” - chemical substances, the effect of which on the body under certain conditions causes cancer and other tumors), especially when fat from the frying pan is used several times. Many toxic compounds are also produced when vegetable oils are heated. Ruddy crusts, so appetizing and tasty, are extremely difficult to digest and contribute to the development of gastritis (inflammation of the stomach), colitis (inflammation of the colon), ulcers, liver and kidney diseases. In addition, fried foods contain an excess of fat.
How do you prepare baby food?
Food for a child over one year old is prepared in several ways:
1) boil; this applies to the preparation of vegetables, meat, eggs, fish, cereals and cereal side dishes. After cooking, depending on the age of the child, the food is chopped into more or less large pieces and kneaded with a fork;
2) steamed (vegetables, meat or fish cutlets, omelettes). For these purposes, modern steamers are very convenient, as they preserve most vitamins;
3) bake in the oven, in a sleeve, in foil. All kinds of casseroles, fish, meat and vegetables are prepared in this way;
4) for children over 2 years old, lightly frying foods in vegetable oil and then stewing is allowed. In this way you can cook fish, meat goulash, cutlets and meatballs.
Margarine. The diet of a child under 3 years old should not contain margarine, artificial fats, lard and foods prepared with them. Margarine is a mixture of animal and vegetable fats that have been subjected to hydrogenation - the saturation of fatty acid molecules with hydrogen atoms. Mutated fatty acid molecules, the share of which in margarine reaches 40%, increase cholesterol levels in the blood and disrupt normal functioning cell membranes, contribute to the development of vascular diseases, and negatively affect the formation of sexual function. Lard is a refractory fat; its digestion requires the release of a large amount of digestive enzymes from the pancreas and liver, which leads to their overstrain and breakdown. And this can manifest itself as diarrhea, nausea and abdominal pain.
Sausages. Processed meat products, which include all sausages (both boiled and smoked), as well as smoked, dried or dried fish, ham, smoked brisket, are also unacceptable in baby food. Smoked meats contain a lot of irritating substances and salt; they “hit” the digestive and excretory organs quite noticeably. In addition, these products contain a large number of dyes, flavors, food additives and the previously mentioned carcinogens.
Canned food. Meat and canned fish(if these are not specialized children's products, but ordinary “adult” canned food from the nearest store) are saturated with salt, pepper, vinegar and various preservatives. They should not be present in children's diets. The same applies to homemade preparations, which usually add a lot of spices, salt, vinegar or aspirin, which have an extremely negative effect on the functioning of the baby’s stomach and intestines.
Baking and confectionery. It is worth limiting (but not completely eliminating) foods such as buns, buns, pies, and regular cookies from the child’s diet. They contain a large amount of calories, sugar and, if consumed systematically, can lead to excess weight. You can give it to your baby for an afternoon snack bun(about 50 g) or a pie, but not at every meal. And it is best to give special cookies - for children. Unlike an adult, it does not crumble, but melts in the mouth, so the child will not choke on crumbs. Children's cookies are produced without the use of dyes, preservatives, flavors and other artificial additives. You can also give your baby biscuits or crackers.
Porridge with additives. Separately, I would like to dwell on baby cereals with additives: they usually contain a fairly large amount of sugar, and many of the additives (for example, some fruits or chocolate) are themselves allergenic products that are not welcome in baby food. The best thing is to add pieces of fresh fruit or a small amount of berries to regular porridge: it will turn out both tasty and healthy.
Beverages
The optimal drink for a child is regular clean drinking water without gas. From the age of 2, you can give your child a small amount of table still water: the label should say that the water is low-mineralized or potable (in no case medicinal). Freshly squeezed juices are of undoubted benefit in the nutrition of a child under 3 years of age. However, it should be remembered that for children in the first three years of life, it is recommended to dilute freshly squeezed juice with water in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:3, because concentrated juice contains a large amount of organic acids that can irritate the child’s delicate digestive system.
Compotes of fresh or dried fruits, various fruit drinks, infusions and herbal teas are very useful. The latter also perform a therapeutic function - they help normalize sleep, stimulate appetite, help with colds or reduce nervous excitability.
What should a child not drink? All modern sweet sodas are made from water, concentrate and are saturated with carbon dioxide. Already from this composition it is clear that they have no benefit for a small child. Such drinks contain too much sugar, sometimes more than 5 teaspoons per glass. This amount of sugar cannot but affect the functioning of the pancreas and endocrine system. In addition, it can cause tooth decay if such water is consumed regularly. In addition, such drinks do not quench thirst - when consumed, thirst only intensifies, which leads to fluid retention and swelling.
Many manufacturers add sugar substitutes to drinks instead of sugar: such products contain fewer calories and are sold under the “light” logo. Alas, they are also quite dangerous for the child’s body. Xylitol and sorbitol, which are sweeteners, can provoke urolithiasis. Saccharin and cyclomate are carcinogens that contribute to the development of cancer. Aspartame can cause allergies and has a negative effect on the retina of the eye, which can lead to decreased vision.
The concentrates from which drinks are prepared are citric or phosphoric acids; they form the basis for the taste of carbonated water and serve as preservatives. These acids irritate the mucous membrane, cause microdamage in the mouth, esophagus and stomach, and have a bad effect on tooth enamel (especially citric acid). But orthophosphoric acid is more dangerous, since when regularly ingested, it helps wash out calcium from the bones, which many children already lack. A lack of calcium leads to such a serious disease as osteoporosis - brittle bones with minimal stress.
The addition of caffeine, which is used as a tonic, does not add any benefit to carbonated drinks. The use of such soda leads to overstimulation of the nervous system, which is completely contraindicated for children.
And finally, carbon dioxide, which is contained in carbonated water, is not harmful in itself, but it causes belching, bloating, increased gas formation and is not allowed for children in the first years of life.
Basic rules for choosing products for a child
1. Choose products labeled “For infants” or products specifically for infant nutrition.
2. Read the labels carefully, pay attention to the color and consistency of the products: if any of the components of the product causes you doubt, it is better to refuse the purchase.
3. Products for children should not contain food additives, preservatives, stabilizers and other “chemicals”.
4. Products should contain a minimum of salt or sugar, or better yet, none at all.
5. Pay attention to the shelf life: natural products cannot have a long shelf life, especially for dairy products. If the shelf life of such products exceeds several days (usually 3-5), it is better to discard such products.
6. Be sure to try all products yourself before giving them to children: the product may be too sweet or flavored.
How to reduce the risk?
If your baby is treated to chocolates, soda, or anything else listed above, do not focus the child’s attention on this product. Just offer an alternative: marshmallows or marmalade instead of chocolate, fruit juice instead of soda. If your baby really wants bubbles in the drink, use a trick: dilute the juice with mineral water - there will be both bubbles and benefits. It is also necessary that there are no prohibited products in your home and that the child does not see them, then the desire to try something harmful will be minimized.
Feel free to instruct your relatives on how and what to feed your baby in your absence, write to them full list foods that should not be given to your baby. In order not to provoke your child again, try not to visit fast food cafes, especially where he can see other children appetizingly chewing French fries or some other forbidden dishes.
Many parents complain that their baby is reluctant to eat foods from a healthy menu. There are also small tricks here: let the child prepare himself, for example, salad or porridge. Let him, to the best of his ability, take an active part in preparing food - it’s so interesting, then he will eat it with great appetite. You should never force your baby to eat. It is better to eat a little, but with appetite, than a full portion with tears.
Always serve the dish beautifully and with imagination: ordinary porridge can be turned into a sea if you make boats from children’s cookies and islands from a piece of apple in it. Every sunken ship is put in your mouth with a spoon. Use your imagination and let your child help you. When the whole family gathers at the table, let the child have his own position - he will help set the table, then over time, eating will turn into a kind of ritual and will contribute to the formation of correct eating habits and a sense of taste.
After the first birthday, the baby's life begins new stage. Learning about the environment continues, although over the past period he has learned a lot. Growing up rapidly. Changes affect all organs and systems, including the digestive system.
Typically, by the age of one, a baby has up to eight teeth., including chewable ones. Now he is able to actively consume solid food. Enzymes are produced more intensively. The baby can be given more serious food.
Since birth, the stomach has significantly enlarged and strengthened, but it is still not permissible to suddenly change a child’s diet to an adult’s. The baby is already familiar with the main products, but the transition should be smooth.
A one-year-old child's menu for every day or week should become more varied., but gradually. The consistency of the food remains in a semi-liquid state. However, the presence of teeth indicates a willingness to chew food, so pureed food is a thing of the past.
Although it is also too early for food that is too dry, since it is still difficult for the child to swallow it. A baby's diet at one year of age should remain balanced, including nutrients.
The nutritional value is determined by the degree of protein, fat and proper carbohydrates it contains. A one-year-old child's daily and weekly menu must include proteins with an amino acid composition through meat and fish.
Main products on a one-year-old baby's menu
Meat should be present in a child’s diet every day up to one hundred grams.
It could be:
- Beef;
- Pork;
- Bird;
- Rabbit.
Consumption of by-products is allowed, Liver is considered especially useful due to its high iron content. You can cook the heart or tongue, but it is better in a stuffed form, such as meatballs or meatballs. Animal fats enter the body along with meat, but vegetable fats are also necessary.
You can include fish in your child’s diet twice a week, and on this day you don’t have to give meat. The variety should be selected carefully so that it is lean and boneless. It could be sea bass, cod or pike perch.
Dairy products continue to form the basis of the child’s diet. Daily consumption of up to 650 ml is required. At this age, you can consume fermented milk products, which must be fresh and reliably prepared.
The daily menu of a one-year-old child for each day should not exceed 1200 - 1250 ml in volume. Cottage cheese can be diluted with low-fat sour cream and given to the child up to 40 g daily. One meal should consist of porridge. Corn and buckwheat are considered the most valuable. You can offer your child oatmeal, rice, millet and wheat porridge.
A child can consume up to 100 g of white bread per day. Occasionally, it is possible to include in the diet pasta, which contains fast carbohydrates and can be consumed as a side dish or as part of soups. It is necessary to gradually include butter in porridge or puree.
Due to the allergenicity, eggs are introduced into the child’s diet carefully, and only chicken or quail eggs. You can serve it hard-boiled or as an omelette. It is advisable to add oil to the dish at the end of cooking, so as not to subject it to prolonged processing and it does not produce a carcinogen.
For sweets, a one-year-old child should receive marmalade or jam. Honey is also useful if it does not cause allergies. Dried fruits and cookies are allowed.
How to feed a one-year-old baby: what to avoid on the menu
You should not replace meat in your child’s diet with sausages., sausages or sausages. Even “Children’s” sausages are not prepared from first-class meat. The spices and seasonings they contain can cause significant damage to the child’s body and make negative adjustments to the formation of food preferences.
Contrary to the assurances of manufacturers, finished products, all kinds of cereals and purees, are not of great value. It is important to remember that food that is quickly brewed cannot a priori be healthy!
The manufacturing technology involves thorough heat treatment, as a result of which no valuable properties remain in it. Parents also need to remember that grated fruits and vegetables can be stored for a long time only with the use of preservatives.
Therefore, there is a choice whether it is necessary to give the child ready-made puree with a shelf life of many months, or you can prepare the same dish yourself in a matter of minutes, but from proven products.
Should I stop breastfeeding?
There is a consensus among all specialists and doctors that There are no indications for stopping breastfeeding, and there cannot be, especially due to the age of the child. Of course, thanks to the transition to an “adult” diet, the baby can do without breast milk.
But we can definitely say that the child’s body’s need for milk is only increasing. This is due to the fact that antibodies in the child’s body increase, and mother’s milk also becomes fattier. 
Researchers believe that long-term intake of mother's milk has a positive effect on intellectual abilities and contributes to stronger psychological development. Children who drink breast milk for a long time are healthier, less allergic and cope with any diseases faster.
For most women, long-term breastfeeding provides:
- Lack of menstruation and reducing the risk of becoming pregnant during breastfeeding, since prolactin is released in the process, which suppresses ovulation;
- Reduced opportunity the appearance of breast or ovarian cancer;
- Weight loss, since milk production requires more than 500 calories.
Calorie content in the child's menu
For the full development of a child, food must not only be balanced, but also have sufficient calorie content. Food during the day should include up to 1300 kcal.
The required calorie content is calculated taking into account the baby's weight. 4 g of fats and proteins, as well as 16 g of carbohydrates are required per 1 kg of child weight.
Are vegetables and fruits allowed?
Vegetables and fruits begin to be included in the child’s diet quite early. For a one-year-old child, it is better to combine them with protein foods, since vegetation contributes to its good absorption.
To the usual carrots, zucchini and potatoes, you can add tomatoes, beets and turnips. Green peas, despite their valuable properties, are best not given for now due to their shape and size. The baby can easily choke. 
It is usually included in the diet by the age of three. Once your child reaches one year of age, you can finally try peaches and apricots.
It is important to remember that you need to introduce fruits and berries little by little to determine whether the child is allergic to them.
Large and soft fruits and berries should be given cut into pieces. Hard ones with a dense peel are better to grind into puree and eat them as a dessert or with cereals. The daily intake of fruits and berries is up to 200 g.
What drinks are allowed
Drinks such as jelly, dried fruit compote, and drinks made from herbs and fruits will be very beneficial for the child’s body. Kissel made from freshly frozen cranberries and lingonberries will give the body strength and supply it with necessary vitamins.
Dried fruit compote invariably turns out to be rich in mineral salts and pectin, which promotes stable intestinal function. Decoctions will help increase immunity. 
Drinking these drinks in the evening will help your baby sleep better. In the off-season, it is important to take care of providing the baby with vitamins that will help the immune system. resist diseases more effectively
How to handle food
For the digestibility of food, a one-year-old child should eat food in a soft, semi-ground state, such as puree, soufflé or steamed cutlets.
Food must undergo high-quality heat treatment. It is better to buy vegetables and fruits from reliable suppliers to be sure that there is no high nitrate content.
Menu schedule for a one-year-old child
At the age of one, the baby already switches to an adult diet, and four feedings a day are provided for him. The recommendations are conditional and can be adjusted depending on the child’s daily routine.
Experts suggest feeding your baby breakfast at 8:00. The next meal can be taken at 12:00. If this is too long a break for the baby, then at 10:00 you can give him an apple. 
The baby has dinner no more than three hours before going to bed, usually at 18:00. The volume of food consumed for a baby aged from one to 1.5 years is up to 1200 ml, then another 200 ml is added until the age of 3.
You can adjust the volumes taking into account the baby's preferences. If the food is nutritious enough, the volume can be reduced.
Menu for a one-year-old child for a week
By the age of one year, children generally know how to walk and spend a lot of energy to study the surrounding space. Consequently, the baby’s menu should be such as to meet the needs of the body.
When compiling a child’s menu, it is important to take into account that the preferences that he will develop now regarding certain dishes will remain with him for a long time. It is important that the food is varied.
| Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday | Sunday | |
| Breakfast | Corn porridge; compote with cookies | Soft-boiled egg, milk, sandwich with butter | Buckwheat porridge, tea, cookies. | Millet, tea, cookies | rice with prunes, prune broth | oatmeal Tea, sandwich with cheese. | |
| Dinner | Liver soup | Vegetable soup, 150 ml compote with cookies | carrot soup with rice; Compote, bun | Chicken, meat or fish pudding; Apple juice | Mashed potatoes with pureed chicken, dried fruit drink | liver soup, compote. | noodle soup, compote. |
| Afternoon snack | Tea with bread and cheese | Children's yogurt with biscuits | Afternoon snack: 150 ml kefir, apple. | mashed banana | kefir with raspberries | Pasta in water, tea. | cottage cheese with sour cream. |
| Dinner | Kefir with mashed banana | Carrot puree | zucchini puree, tea. | mashed potatoes, milk. | curd apple pudding. | vegetable puree | boiled egg, milk. |
Dish recipes
Wash the corn, pour 100-120 ml of boiling water. Stir. When it opens, carefully add boiled milk in a thin stream. Reduce heat. Season.
Dried fruit drink
Place 50 g of dried fruits in 200 g of boiling water. cook over low heat. Add 20 g of sugar. Cool. Serve warm.
Liver soup
- Liver - 100 g
- Bread - 3 slices
Grind the liver. Stir with bread, yolk and butter. Bring to a smooth consistency and pour into the broth.
Rice porridge with apples
Pour 200 ml of boiling water over the rice. Cook. Add chopped apple. Add milk, sugar, salt.
Vermicelli soup
- 300 ml broth
- 50 g potatoes
- 25 g carrots
- 20 g onion
- 20 g vermicelli
Boil peeled chopped potatoes in meat broth. Add the remaining vegetables when the potatoes are cooked and add the vermicelli.
Carrot puree
- 2 regular carrots
- 1 tsp Sahara
- 50 ml milk
Simmer the chopped carrots over low heat. Grind and add the remaining ingredients.
Carrot soup with rice
Stew the carrots. When it boils, add rice, add water. When cooked, wipe. Dilute with milk to medium consistency, add butter.
Zucchini puree
- 50 g zucchini
- 100 ml milk
- Salt.
Boil the zucchini, grate, dilute with milk, a pinch of salt, and beat. Serve warm.
Buckwheat
- Buckwheat – 50 g
- Milk – 150 ml
- Salt.
Cook the cereal in a 1:3 ratio with water. After 15 minutes, when the buckwheat opens, add milk and salt.
Chicken or fish pudding
Grind meat and bread. Mix with remaining ingredients. Bake in a mold, covered with special paper, steam for 45 minutes or bake.
Millet porridge
- Millet – 50 g
- Milk 200 ml
- Sugar, salt.
Scald the cereal and let it cook. When the millet is boiled, pour in the milk. Sugar, salt to taste. Wait until it boils, turn off.
Potatoes with mashed chicken
- 100 g chicken
- 2 potatoes
- 50 ml milk
- Salt.
Boil the meat. Place potatoes cut into cubes. Grind until smooth. Add milk, bring to steam.
Curd apple pudding
Stir the cottage cheese. Add crackers. Add the yolk, sugar, grated apple, and beaten egg white. Heat treatment in steam or oven for 45 minutes.
Rice with prunes
- Rice - 2 tbsp. l.
- Milk 200 ml
- Prunes – 40 g
Boil rice in milk. Separately, cook the prunes and puree. Place the rice and prunes in layers in a mold, so that the rice is the top layer. Bake for half an hour at 180 C. Use with prune decoction.
The menu is a recommendation only. Each mother will have to adjust the diet according to the baby's preferences. In some cases, soups can be cooked with peas, or the composition of the puree can be varied with other vegetables.
Menu for a one-year-old child every day while breastfeeding
Diet of a one-year-old baby breastfeeding differs in breastfeeding. To ensure that such a meal does not disrupt the regime and does not interrupt the child’s appetite, doctors recommend establishing a certain regime.
| Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday | Sunday | |
| Morning | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk |
| Breakfast | buckwheat porridge, tea, bread. | wheat porridge, tea. | semolina porridge, bread, cheese, tea. | chicken pudding, bread, tea. | pearl barley porridge with milk, bread, cheese, tea. | millet porridge, tea. | |
| Dinner | Meatball soup; rice pudding; | carrot soup, meatballs, compote. | soup with meatballs, bread, tea with milk. | liver soup, bread, compote. | pureed vegetable soup, casserole with potatoes and minced meat, bread, jelly. | borscht, meatballs, bread, jelly. | liver soup, chicken cutlets, compote |
| Dinner | Baked apple | kefir with banana. | soft-boiled egg, compote | zucchini puree, bread, tea | apple pudding, tea and cookies. | kefir with banana. | rice pudding, apple. |
| Night | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk | Mother's milk |
This menu is suitable for babies who continue to feed on mother's milk, but also eat more solid foods.
Nutrition for a one-year-old weaned baby
The baby's nutrition must be adjusted taking into account his personal preferences. According to doctors, food consumed without pleasure is not good for future use.. In order not to discourage you from eating forever, it will be important to monitor what dishes and products your child prefers.
To prevent your baby from getting bored with the same food, it is enough to show a little imagination and use the same technology to prepare puddings, puree soup, and casseroles. For a one-year-old child, dishes are always boiled, baked, or steamed.
Vegetables and fruits can be eaten raw. When creating a menu, you must strive to ensure that the same products are not found in different forms on the same day. This is what will provide the necessary variety. 
Traditional Russian cuisine includes so many porridges and so many cereals that you can offer your baby a different breakfast every day. It can be rice, buckwheat, oatmeal, pearl barley, wheat, corn or millet porridge.
Contrary to popular belief, semolina porridge should be used only occasionally. It does not have any particularly valuable properties, but it contains starch in abundance. It is advisable to cook porridge in water and then add milk. It should be remembered that you should not boil them.
Rice and buckwheat take the longest to cook. The total cooking time takes up to 20 minutes. Liquid food remains the best lunch for a baby, prepared in the form of a variety of soups - vegetable, rice, with meatballs and meatballs, chicken and lean meat.
As an afternoon snack, you can offer your child puddings and casseroles with compote or jelly. Light vegetable purees or fermented milk products make an excellent dinner for a one-year-old weaned baby.
Enough Often the result of consuming a new product is a rash. This does not mean that the product is not perceived. Most likely, it was simply given too much, or incorrectly.
To avoid trouble you must:
- Introduce a new product every two weeks;
- Give the product along with your usual food;
- Administer the product in minimal quantities.
It is important to remember that if you start introducing new products in the mode described above, then the next part can be introduced more actively and the process will not seem protracted and tedious, and the baby will continue to remain healthy and happy.
Despite the apparent complexity, it is not difficult to get used to the changes in the baby’s body and his growing up; you just need to show a little patience and imagination. This will help children grow up easily, which is very important for both parent and child.
Watch the video with tips on creating a daily food menu for a one-year-old child:
From this video tutorial you will learn recipes for preparing dishes for a one-year-old child with a menu for the week:
All the best to you, dear mothers, and good health to your babies!
After 1 year of life, the digestive capacity of the gastrointestinal tract increases. Children begin to eat on their own, they are better able to distinguish tastes, they do not like everything that adults offer.
The approach to nutrition is the same as to education. To understand and love, to offer, not to force... and in short, then...
Milk and dairy, eggs, meat - beef, poultry, rabbit...
If you don't want meat and eggs, there are other options. For example, pine nuts contain all essential amino acids and are 95% digestible, just like egg white
Vegetables and fruits - 50 percent fresh.
Porridge, preferably not viscous, but liquid, honey, not sugar, and as a means of calming the nervous system - with warm milk before bed - an almost hypnotic effect, and as a source of macro and microelements. Dark honey contains more copper, manganese and iron than light honey. And 100% of children by the age of one year have anemia of varying severity, and it is very difficult to absorb iron...
Children love yoghurt very much. Any yogurt is prepared on the basis of yogurt starter - Bulgarian bacillus and thermophilic streptococcus. It is these lactic acid cultures that make the tasty product also healthy. However healing properties These bacteria are preserved only in “live” or “short” yoghurts that have not undergone heat treatment. The shelf life of such yoghurts does not exceed 30 days at temperatures from +2 to +8 degrees Celsius. “Long” yoghurts can be stored for more than three months, not even in the refrigerator. Their life can be extended either with the help of preservatives or through heat treatment. All useful minerals are preserved, but the bacteria die. Most yoghurts contain natural fruits; the taste of fruits in some cases compensates for the lack of sugar or its substitutes.
A one-year-old baby can only receive specialized children's milk (not cream) yogurt with a moderate content of fats and carbohydrates. Such yoghurts are produced in baby food factories, they have a limited shelf life (several days) and are sold in baby food departments. They can be given to children from 8-12 months.
Another important point.
A one-year-old child has a stomach capacity of 250 ml. By 3 years it increases to 350-400 ml.
The capacity of the stomach should always be taken into account when drawing up a menu, since large volumes can stretch the walls of the stomach and create an increased quantitative need for food, which does not always correspond to the true needs.
The stomach is emptied of food on average after 4 hours.
Food stays in the intestines for up to 24-48 hours.
The liver and pancreas will be fully operational by the age of 8-10 years. Therefore, now they need to be spared and limited to spicy, fried, fatty...
Food for children from 1 year to 1.5 years old, according to the degree of mechanical grinding, should not be very large, up to 2 cm. Dishes such as purees, soufflés, puddings, steamed cutlets. At the same time, the child already has 8-10 teeth with which to chew stale bread, crackers, cookies, and soft apples.
Children over 1.5 years old, with the appearance of molars, can actively chew, almost like for adults - vegetables in pieces, cutlets, vegetable stew.
Diet for 1-1.5 years
For children of this age, as a rule, a diet is established with 4 meals a day with intervals between feedings of 3.5 - 4 hours. Some children up to 1.5 years old are given (at their request) one more - the fifth night feeding. If at the age of 1.5 years he is healthy, developing well, and does not suffer from poor appetite, he should be weaned from eating at night, as this disrupts night sleep and creates certain difficulties for parents.
Regardless of the number of feedings, eating hours should be constant. Deviations from the set time of each feeding should not exceed 15 - 20 minutes. In the intervals between feedings, it is unacceptable for the child to give any dishes or products, including fruits, juices, dairy products, not to mention various sweets (with the exception of drinks: herbal infusions, water, teas, rosehip infusion). All this leads to a decrease in appetite and the baby may refuse healthier protein dishes at the next meal.
Daily norms
Dairy
. milk in any form up to 500-600 ml (including kefir/yogurt - up to 200 ml, any 1% kefir, 3.2% fat kefir with indication age category)Meat fishCottage cheese on average 50 g
Cream or sour cream 5-10 g
Cheese - mild, soft varieties (fat content up to 40%) 3 g per day or 21 per week
Cottage cheese (yogurt without fruit additives!) increases to a volume of 70 g and can be given not only in its pure form, but also in the form of cottage cheese casserole (can also be with raisins), cheesecakes (up to 3 years - steamed). It is better to give children under two years of age yoghurts specially designed for baby food.
Cottage cheese, cream, sour cream can be given after 1-2 days, but in appropriate quantities. You can also give 140 g of cottage cheese per day, but then the next day this product will not be in the diet. Sour cream given with mandatory heat treatment. For example, it can be added to soup a few minutes before it is ready.
For children with normal body weight, foods with a reduced percentage of fat content are unacceptable; the diet uses milk with 3.2% fat content, kefir 2.5-3.2%, yoghurts 3.2%, sour cream up to 10%, cottage cheese like milk, and creamy - 10% fat.
Along with beef - chicken meat, chickens, turkey, beef, rabbit meat, lean pork and lamb, and various offal. Dishes: steam cutlet, meatballs, boiled, baked in the oven.EggsOn average, a child from 1 to 3 years old needs
85 g meat
25 g fish (white sea fish (boiled or baked in the oven))
During the week, he can receive meat (100-120 g each) for 4-5 days and fish (70-100 g each) for 2-3 days.
. 1/2 chicken egg or 1 quailFatsA child over one year old can be given a whole egg (every other day, or half a day), and not just the yolk. However, this must be done with caution, as chicken egg white can cause an allergic reaction in some children. In such cases, the protein should be abandoned and only the yolk should be given for some time.
. 12-17 g butterCereals, bread8-10 g vegetable oil(add raw to soups, salads)
. 15-20 g cerealSugar, confectionery products5 g pasta
About 100 g of bread (including 30-40 g of rye)
Bakery products (crackers, bagels, buns) are also suitable with a corresponding reduction in the amount of bread. The younger the age, the greater the share of wheat bread. You can give cookies, buns (without cream). It is better to give white bread to children under 1.5 years of age, as it is easier to digest.
The most useful cereals
Oatmeal
Buckwheat
Barley, pearl barley, and wheat are allowed.
You can also use specially enriched cereals.
. Porridge Instant porridges can also be used for children of the first year of life (up to 1 year of age), as well as porridges self-cooking: rice, oatmeal, buckwheat, millet. The porridge is cooked with milk or milk half and half with water, milk 3.2% (with the obligatory indication of the age category).
. Pasta They are given infrequently, as they are poor in vitamins and contain excess carbohydrates. Up to 1.5 years should not be offered. Noodle soup with vegetable broth (no more than once a week).
. Legumes (peas, beans, soybeans) are given in limited quantities to children over 1.5 years old in the form of pureed soups.
. The total amount of confectionery products should not exceed 10-15 g per day.Vegetables fruitsUp to 3 years, 35 to 50 g of sugar is required (it is better to use fructose)
Pastille, marmalade, fruit caramel, preserves, marmalade, and honey are allowed for confectionery products (if well tolerated).
. 120-150 g potatoesDrinkUp to 200 g of other vegetables
Fresh fruits, berries (up to 200 g): 100-200 g per day of fresh fruits and 10-20 g of berries.
Rosehip decoction (up to 100-150 ml) per day after meals. juices (100-150 ml)
A wide variety of vegetables can be given, including
Radish, radish, green onion, garlic
Leafy greens (dill, parsley, sorrel, spinach, lettuce, nettle)
Young children, as well as children with functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, should not be offered garlic, radishes, radishes and turnips.
From spicy greens in the first year of life you can use dill, after a year - parsley and onions.
The vinaigrette, naturally does not include pickled cucumber and mayonnaise, green peas are used only fresh or frozen, and the vinaigrette is seasoned with vegetable oil or, rarely, low-fat sour cream.
Garnish for meat and fish: mashed potatoes, stewed or boiled vegetables, stewed zucchini with tomatoes and carrots, stewed eggplant with tomatoes (if desired, you can add a little onion).
Soups: vegetarian borscht, vegetarian vegetable soup, vegetarian cabbage soup.
. fruit drinksCompotes
Unsweetened herbal infusions
Food volume
From 1 year to 1.5 years - 1000-1200 ml
From 1.5 to 3 years - 1400-1500 ml
(juices, decoctions and other drinks are not included in this volume)
Carefully!
Honey. Bacterial spores contained in this product may cause botulism. Honey also easily causes allergies.
Preservatives and dyes, as well as products containing them, are not suitable for consumption by young children.
Don't give it to children dried fruits, since many species contain large quantities sulfites. This may lead to the development of asthma
Kiwi may cause a complex allergic reaction in a child. Research shows that children under 5 years of age may experience the following allergic reactions due to kiwi: swollen tongue, itching in the mouth, difficulty breathing.
Avoid the following foods, as they may cause choking: nuts, popcorn, chips, corn, grapes, raisins.
Do not give your child sweets and drinks containing sugar, as this will contribute to the development of tooth decay.
Don't let carbonated drinks, coffee, tea, chocolate.
Raw cabbage It is better not to use in feeding children under 3 years of age.
Not used in the diet of children under 3 years old, nuts, mushrooms, citrus fruits, chocolate, cocoa, soups with meat broth, sausages and frankfurters.
Grape has the ability to enhance fermentation processes in the intestines. In addition, it oversaturates the child’s diet with carbohydrates. Combined with the relatively low vitamin content, this makes it a product intended for older children.
Kefir, yogurt- It should be remembered that fermented milk products are highly acidic and in large quantities are not very beneficial for the child’s body. Studies conducted by the Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (RAMS) have shown that consumption of kefir in an amount of 400 ml by children 6-8 months old can lead to pinpoint hemorrhages in the intestines (accompanied by loss of hemoglobin and iron). Don’t forget about this and introduce kefir into the diet of 6-7 month old babies. According to new recommendations from the Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, this product can be given to children from 9-12 months in an amount not exceeding 200 ml. Fermented milk products also include yogurt.
Culinary food processing. Density
Up to 1.5 years - purees, thin porridge, etc., but the child must be taught to eat denser foods
Over 1.5 years - boiled (but no longer mashed) porridge, vegetable and cereal casseroles, stewed vegetables, cut into small pieces, meat and fish cutlets
After 2 years, meat can be given in the form of fried cutlets, finely chopped stew, fish - boiled and fried, freed from bones
Raw vegetable salads can be given not only for lunch, but also for breakfast and dinner.
Up to 1.5 years - grated on a coarse grater
After 1.5 - finely chopped
From one year onwards, children are offered steamed cutlets; children over one year old can be given stewed and baked dishes. At 2-3 years old he switches to pieces. Fried foods are not given to children under three years of age.
Approximate one-time amount of food for 1-1.5 years
Breakfast:Porridge or vegetable dish (150 g);
Meat or fish dish, or omelette (50 g);
Milk (100 ml).
Soup (50 g);
Meat or fish dish (50 g);
Garnish (70 g);
Fruit juice (100 ml).
Kefir or milk (150 ml);
Cookies (15 g);
Fruits (100 g).
Vegetable dish or porridge, or cottage cheese casserole(150 g);
Milk or kefir (150 ml).
Menu sample
Breakfast:1. Any porridge (200 g), noodles with milk + omelet (150/50) or mashed potatoes with fish pate (150/50).
2. Surrogate coffee, that is, not real coffee, but “cereal” coffee, or tea with milk and sugar (150 g).
3. Wheat bread with butter and cheese (15/5/5).
1. Vegetarian borscht or meat broth, or vegetable puree soup with meat broth
2. Meat puree, ground meat, meat soufflé (100 g), fish soufflé, or meatballs with a vegetable side dish (50/100).
3. Juice, fruit drink or rosehip infusion (100 ml).
4. Wheat and rye bread (10/10).
5. Coffee ("cereal")
1. Kefir (150 g).
2. Cookies, homemade crackers, bun (15 g).
3. Apple or other fruits (35 g).
1. Vegetable puree, potato casserole or buckwheat porridge with milk (120 g).
2. Cottage cheese with milk or kefir (40/20).
3. Wheat bread (15 g).
4. Kefir (extra (100 ml)).
Sample 4-day menu
The first day:Breakfast:Second day.Oatmeal porridge - 200 g.
Tea with sugar 100 ml.
Cheese - 10 g
Vegetarian cabbage soup – 100 ml
Meat cutlet - 80 g.
Mashed potatoes - 80 g.
Compote 100 ml.
Bread 10 g.
Milk 150 ml
Cottage cheese 70 g.
Fresh fruits.
Vinaigrette 150 g.
Fresh fruits
Tea with sugar 100 ml.
Kefir 200 ml.
Breakfast:Day three.Omelet 50 g
Wheat porridge 150 g.
Tea with sugar 100 ml.
Vegetarian borscht 100 ml.
Chicken meatballs - 80 g.
Macaroni 80 g with cheese 10 g.
Juice 100 ml.
Bread 10 g.
Kefir 150 ml.
Bun 20 g
Fresh fruits.
Cheesecakes 140 g with sour cream 10 g.
Fresh fruits.
Tea with sugar 100 ml
Kefir 200 ml.
Breakfast:Day four.4-grain porridge 200 g.
Tea with sugar 100 ml.
Vegetarian vegetable soup 100 g.
Boiled fish 80 g.
Mashed potatoes 80 g.
Tea with sugar 100 ml.
Bread 10 g.
Kefir 150 ml.
Cookies 20 g.
Fresh fruits.
Buckwheat porridge with milk 150 g.
Fresh fruits.
Juice 100 ml.
Kefir 200 g.
Breakfast:Rice porridge 200 g.
Tea with sugar 100 ml.
Noodle soup with vegetable broth 100 ml.
Turkey baked in the oven 80 g
Boiled vegetables 80 g.
Juice 100 ml.
Bread 10 g.
Milk 150 ml.
Cottage cheese 70 g.
Fresh fruits.
Yogurt 70 g.
Zucchini stewed with tomatoes and carrots - 150 g.
Compote 100 ml.
A child’s diet will change significantly at the age of 1; he is no longer a baby, which means he will be exposed to more and more new foods. This process is not quick; your baby will need some time to completely rebuild his eating style.
The main change that affected his diet was the presence of his own teeth. The baby even finds the act of chewing interesting, so the structure of new products on his menu will only be a joy.
Food for children from 1 to 1.5 years old should be fine according to the degree of mechanical grinding.
Dishes should be mushy, such as pudding, soufflé, puree, steamed cutlets. Although, if the baby has 8-10 teeth, he can already chew stale bread, crackers, cookies, and soft apples well.
Children over 1.5 years old with the appearance of molars can actively chew, and food processing can be the same as for adults: vegetables and fruits in pieces, cutlets, meat stew, goulash.
The digestive system has also become stronger and more prepared, and it now produces more enzymes that can digest more complex foods.
The daily volume of food up to 1.5 years is 1100-1200 ml.
After 1 year of age, the baby's diet still includes breast milk. It is given in the morning and before bedtime. And even if you sometimes feed your baby in the middle of the night, there is nothing wrong with that.
Breast milk is very healthy, and according to the latest data, it turned out that it contains antibodies that prevent caries from developing. But if at 1 year old the child constantly reaches for a bottle of juice or other formula, then this should be stopped.
Diet for a 1 year old child
To begin with, at the age of one, a child often continues to be fed 5 times a day, but if your baby is able to withstand 4 meals a day, then this is even better.
Thus, the child will eat every 3-4 hours, which is the norm for any organism. And if you strictly adhere to the diet, then the baby will not have problems with digestion.
The fact is that a 1-year-old child still has a very sensitive digestive system; if you deviate from the diet (even for 30–40 minutes), the secretion of juices and enzymes decreases, which leads to poor digestion of food. Now let's move on to the menu for a one-year-old baby. As a rule, by the age of 1 year the child has already mastered all the basic foods. In the future they are only waiting for him different ways
preparation of a particular product.
Milk still plays a huge role in the diet. It is irreplaceably valuable, it is rich in protein, calcium, B vitamins and fat. But whole milk is usually used for making porridges.
The majority of dairy products should be fermented milk products. A child of 1 year can already be offered yogurt, fermented baked milk or kefir in small quantities (100–300 ml).
When choosing yogurt, pay attention to the sucrose content, various flavors, preservatives and the amount of fat - all of this should be as little as possible.
Typically, such yoghurts have a shelf life of more than 1 month. Ideally, of course, if you have the financial opportunity, it is better to prepare fresh yoghurts from natural products.
Quite an important product in the diet of a one-year-old child is cheese and cottage cheese. At this age, the portion can be increased to 60–80 g. for a day. At first, it is better to give it in the form of pudding, but closer to 1.5 years, you can use your imagination and prepare, for example, soft cheesecakes.
But cheese is perfect for developing chewing skills. Children love its elasticity and most often prefer to chew cheese in its pure form. Cream is used for dressing vegetable dishes and porridge, sour cream is added to soups and salads.
Vegetables and fruits
The diet of a 1-year-old child allows you to include many new berries in the menu. These are cherries, strawberries, kiwi, peaches, currants, raspberries, citrus fruits (in small doses) and many others.
Of course, mom will have to experiment with different berries, since some of them may cause allergies, and others may cause stomach upset. We would like to highlight citrus fruits separately - they contain a huge amount of acids.
And even if your child is not allergic to them, it is better to limit their intake (1-2 slices will be enough).
The dosage of all other berries is 200–300 g. per day and about 100 gr. fruit juice. And please note that after 1 year, the child can already be given juices with pulp.
Meat products, fish and eggs
Meatballs, meatballs and cutlets - these products must be included in the diet of a one-year-old child in the amount of 100–150 grams. for a day. Recommended meat products include lean beef, veal, hens and chickens (domestic only!), and rabbit meat.
You should not prepare dishes from pork, fatty beef, lamb, geese and duck meat. From time to time, you can replace the meat with carefully deboned fish of low-fat varieties, preferably cod, hake, and pike perch.
At 1 year old, a child can already eat the whole egg, not just the yolk. Now protein is absorbed by approximately 97%, which is considered normal for any organism.
As before, eggs only need to be boiled, or baked into an omelette without a crust; raw or soft-boiled, they are digested much worse, plus there is a risk of spreading infection.
Eggs are not harmful to the child, so the dosage is limited only by his preferences.
To improve the taste of food, you can add dill, parsley, onions, garlic, and rhubarb. Irritating foods - mustard, horseradish, pepper - should not be eaten until the age of 3.
Flour products and cereals
Porridge is still actively used in the diet of a one-year-old child. All the same oatmeal, rice, millet and buckwheat porridge. If a 1-year-old child still resists regular porridge, you can continue to grind it, giving it a more uniform appearance.
But it is better that by the age of 1.5 years the baby can already eat porridge in its natural form. Pasta is rarely used at this age; it is mainly a side dish, but sometimes it is added to soup in small quantities.
We do not recommend giving a one-year-old child flour products often; they contain a lot of carbohydrates. But rye or wheat bread is a different matter; it is much easier to digest. Starting from 1 year, you can offer your child 40-50 grams. wheat and 15-30 rye bread per day.
In addition to everything said above, a 1-year-old child’s diet can become brighter due to sweets. It can be jam, jam, marshmallows. The dosage of sweets is about 30–40 g. in a day.
Children 2 and 3 years of age, as well as more younger age, each new type of food is first given in small portions. It is important that the appearance of the dish attracts the child and stimulates the appetite.
Sample menu for a 1 year old child
Breast milk is ideal for the first year of a baby's life. The little one has already tried a lot of different foods. The first anniversary has been celebrated. A new milestone of growth and development begins. What food, and in what quantity, should be on the children's table? Is it time to introduce new products? Should I teach my child etiquette during meals? What should a one-year-old child eat?
From this article you will learn:
Meals are four or five times a day every 3.5-4 hours. In the intervals between feedings, when the child shows a desire, a drink is given. Breast milk or formula after feedings, as well as on demand.
It is better to feed according to appetite, not hours. If the baby refuses to eat, then perhaps she is sick or does not need food yet. Mothers are usually inclined to persuade their child to eat at least a spoonful, and then the next. Imagine if you were forced to eat when you didn't want to.
Surely they would hate this very food, along with the persistent offerer. Dads take a wise position on nutrition: “If he doesn’t eat, leave the child alone until he’s hungry.”
A one-year-old child's food volume per day is approximately 1-1.2 liters of food. This does not include additional drinks. With a four-time regimen: 300 ml in the morning and evening, 380-420 ml at lunch, 180 ml for an afternoon snack. With five meals a day, the earliest and also the latest feeding may include only mother's milk or formula. The second feeding is already a full breakfast. 600 ml of food is distributed over these three meals. There is an option in which milk or formula is given before bedtime.
Food should be lumpy if the baby has at least one chewing tooth on both gums on the left and right. If a group of such teeth is missing or some have recently erupted, then the food must be crushed to a puree form. Products containing animal protein are especially useful.
Important take into account the readiness of the baby’s body for a certain food group. When he doesn’t like vegetables, but leans on dairy, then follow your child’s lead. It is possible that after a year his taste needs will change.
Diet enrichment
New products are being introduced - raw vegetables. Diversify your children's diet with tomatoes, cucumbers, fresh cabbage, carrots, radishes and herbs. Salads are prepared from them, seasoned with an incomplete teaspoon of vegetable oil. Flaxseed or olive oil will be healthier. Mayonnaise should not be used with a one-year-old child. The usual set of products is preserved:
- porridge;
- vegetable and fruit and berry puree;
- juice/fruit drink/jelly/compote/decoction of berries and fruits;
- meat and fish;
- fermented milk;
- bread, cookies, dry goods;
- egg yolk;
- vegetable oil, as well as butter.
Menu for a year old
Time of receipt Dish Serving (g, ml) Breakfast porridge with fruits or berries; small vermicelli with cheese 200 tea with sugar or honey 100 Dinner meat, chicken or fish soup (borscht, cabbage soup) 100 puree from boiled or stewed vegetables; salad 100 cutlets 50 bread 30 juice or fruit drink 100 Afternoon snack cottage cheese or yogurt; fruit puree 80-100 compote or jelly 80-100 cookies or bun 30 Dinner porridge; vegetable puree 140 chicken or quail egg yolk 0,5/1 Before bedtime breast milk or adapted formula 200 Permissible with forbidden
Give pasta and fish a couple of times a week. Potatoes should not make up more than half the mass fraction of vegetables. It is rich in starch. Starch reserves are useless for a year old. You can already add some legumes, radishes and beets to your diet. Along with bread, children willingly eat dry bread, crackers, and buns.
If it is not yet in season for a variety of fruits and berries, use frozen ones. Sometimes you can include ready-made jarred purees in the diet of a one-year-old child. This way you can provide your little gourmet not only with bananas, apples and pears, but also with blueberries, apricots and prunes.
Give your baby regular water. Coffee-containing and carbonated drinks are not appropriate at this age. Refrain from giving your yearling cow's milk. Fermented milk products for adults are premature for babies.
Cream pastries also make the rounds at the children's table. From sweets, one piece of marmalade will be enough. Sausages are of no use to a toddler at all. Try to consume these products less often, especially in front of your baby.
How to cook?
It is good that the food is fresh and prepared for the meal. It is better that every day the dishes are different from the previous one. Repeats for a couple of days are acceptable. After all, the portions are relatively small. For example, you can prepare a second course with a side dish, give half to your baby, and put half in the refrigerator for tomorrow.
You can dilute dry baby porridge with hot water or cook cereal porridge for the whole family. Minimum sugar. Your child refuses to eat “common” cereals, and you are perplexed about what to feed your one-year-old? Try grinding them in a blender or coffee grinder before cooking. Offer for breakfast and dinner different types croup A teaspoon of butter is added to porridge and noodles, and vegetable oil is added to vegetables.
Raw vegetables are either cut into slices or grated on a plastic grater. When allergies occur due to concentrated juices, it is enough to dilute them with water in a ratio of 2 to 1.
If the first dish is from a common pan, then choose lean meat. It is better to drain the first broth. Let everyone add salt to their plate, and give the one-year-old a portion without salt.
- You can teach your baby to eat on his own. It will be difficult at first, but the sooner you allow him to try, the sooner he will learn to eat without adult help. Don't be nervous if your baby gets dirty. This way you will pay attention not only to the nutrition of your one-year-old baby, but to the development of his skills.
- Teach your baby to hygiene: Always wash his hands before and after eating. Wipe your baby's dirty face and hands with a napkin during feeding. Children grasp the essence of what is happening very quickly. Soon they begin to use the napkin for its intended purpose on their own.
- Don't let them play with food. Eat with your baby, showing respect for food. Do not entertain your one-year-old while eating; it is better to arrange the dishes in such a way that the baby turns into a brutal eater.
- Place dishes one by one. After all, the baby will probably choose the most delicious and sweet, suppressing his appetite. And then he will refuse more nutritious healthy food.
Weight gain after a year is less intense than before. The child becomes even more active, spending more and more energy. Therefore, even consuming the specified amount of food, it is unlikely to be noticeable that he is gaining weight. If your child is able to eat 2/3 of the norm and still feel great, then there is nothing to worry about.
When a child “rejects” some of the dishes, you should offer him more “respected” foods. Prepare salads from fresh vegetables and herbs. Gently teach your one-year-old child etiquette.
