Holiday August 1 - Logistics Day of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
August 1 is Home Front Day of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, compared to other holidays celebrated in our country, it is still very young. On July 29, 2000, President Vladimir Putin signed the Decree “On the 300th anniversary of the Logistics of the Armed Forces of Russia,” and with this legislative act established every first August of the year to celebrate in the Fatherland the Logistics Day of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
As for the material support of any army in the world, including food and ammunition, medical and sanitary and other services, even a non-military person will say: “This is a very complex and responsible matter. A soldier who is poorly dressed, shod and fed will not fight well. For the success of any battle, it is necessary not only modern weapons, a clearly thought-out strategy and tactics, but also a complete supply of food and everything else necessary that is required for simple physical existence, from the ordinary soldier to the general!
Let us remember the history of the Russian State. By the same wonderful feature film"Peter the First". The author of the book is Alexey Tolstoy, on which a film was made in two episodes. The author of the script, along with Tolstoy, was Vladimir Petrov. The film is still a breeze to watch today, but it was filmed on the eve of the Great Patriotic War. Patriotic War- in 1937-1938, and it was watched by millions and millions of both our compatriots and foreign moviegoers. The film stars outstanding actors of Soviet cinema - Nikolai Simonov, Nikolai Cherkasov, Mikhail Zharov, Alla Tarasova and a galaxy of other equally talented ones.
So here's the history of the army's material wealth. Sovereign Peter came to visit Prince Menshikov. And I saw poorly dressed soldiers. He took off his caftan from one of them and, green with anger, burst into Aleksashka’s mansion, as he often called his friend Menshikov. He poked the cloth into his mug, and then grabbed a heavy cane and began to go where he would not have to woo the prince. With an angry voice: “Born into theft, you were and are a thief, you will remain a thief!” And having beaten Menshikov, like a filthy dog, he harshly ordered him - together with his companion and drinking buddies, the swindler Brovkin - to sell the rotten cloth to King Augustus, return the money to the sovereign's treasury and use it to buy good, good-looking cloth. Which is exactly what Menshikov did out of fear of a new royal punishment.
And then in 1700, Peter the Great personally signed the sovereign’s Decree “On the management of all grain reserves of military men to Okolnichy Yazykov, with the name of this part General Proviant.” Thus, the first supply body was established in the Russian army. A provision order was created that was in charge of the supply of bread, cereals, fodder grain and other things. Nowadays, centralized food supply is one of the types of supply for our troops. In 1941, by order of Stalin, the position of Chief of Army Logistics was introduced. The Main Quartermaster Directorate, the Fuel Supply Directorate, the Sanitary and Veterinary Directorates were subordinate to him. Let's remember the bright milestones of the Great Patriotic War - the battle for Moscow, for Stalingrad, the defeat of the Nazis on the Kursk Bulge, during the capture of the lair of the fascist beast - Berlin - but wouldn't it be a clearly coordinated supply of the Red Army with everything necessary - weapons, well-established communications, food, creation for soldiers, albeit on the march, but with extremely necessary living and other conditions, would victory be possible?! And the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief understood this very well, doing everything so that the soldier and officer, being on the front line, did not need anything. The headquarters had many, many reserves available that were used in extreme situations. But the Russian soldiers who fought against the adversary, the French, in 1812 were also well provided for the decisive battles. We see the same thing in the Finnish and Japanese wars after the collapse of Hitler.
Our world today is very fragile. Now one enemy or another is encroaching on the very existence of our state. Therefore, it is necessary to keep, as they say, gunpowder dry in a powder flask. And our rear became part of the defense potential. In Russia there are nine Main and Central Directorates of Logistics Support, including branches and branches of the Armed Forces, military districts and fleets, associations, formations and military units. All problems of material and technical supply of the country's Armed Forces are under the watchful eye of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and the Ministry of Defense. The president of the country periodically gives sudden orders to start military exercises in one or another part of the state, and so far we see that they are taking place high level. At the same time, the troops participating in the exercises are supplied with everything necessary. The rear of the Russian Armed Forces works clearly and harmoniously!
Not long ago, the rear troops celebrated their 300th anniversary. The year 1700 was taken as the starting point for the history of the Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. This year, on February 18, Russian Emperor Peter I signed a Decree “On the management of all grain reserves of military men to Okolnichy Yazykov, with his name for this part being General Provisions.” At the same time, the first independent supply body was established in our country, which was called the Provision Order. This supply authority was in charge of the supply of bread, grain fodder and cereals for the army. He provided centralized food supply to the troops, which, as is known, is currently one of the types of material support for units of the Russian army.
By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the rear of the Armed Forces of the USSR included: rear units, units and institutions that were part of military units, formations and associations of all types of the Armed Forces, warehouses and bases with stocks of various material assets, automobile, railway, repair, aviation -technical, engineering, airfield, medical, veterinary and other rear units and units of central subordination. Their management in a special respect was carried out through the corresponding main and central departments of the People's Commissariat of Defense. At the same time, the rear structure that existed at that time did not meet the requirements of the war that had begun. The army and front-line rear services were practically absent, since their maintenance in peacetime was not provided for by the states.
To correct the situation, on August 1, 1941, a decision was made that actually served to self-determinate the rear of the armed forces - the rear was defined as an independent branch or branch of the armed forces. On this day in 1941, Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin signed the order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR No. 0257 “On the organization of the Main Logistics Directorate of the Red Army...”, which united the headquarters of the chief of logistics, the highway department, the VOSO department and the inspection of the chief of logistics Red Army. In addition, a new position was introduced - the chief of logistics of the Red Army, to whom, in addition to the Main Directorate of Logistics of the Red Army, “in all respects” the Fuel Supply Directorate, the Main Quartermaster Directorate, the Veterinary and Sanitary Directorates were also subordinated. Bringing together the entire set of medical, supply and transport structures under one heading made it possible to establish a very complex process of logistics support active army. In addition, fronts and armies created their own rear departments.
And by May 1942, the army had introduced the positions of logistics chiefs in corps and divisions. As a result of all the measures taken, it was possible to build a well-organized and technically equipped rear of the Armed Forces, which successfully coped with a huge volume of various tasks in providing logistics to the active army in a very difficult war time for the entire country. In the post-war years, as the country recovered and its economic potential grew, changes in technical equipment and organizational structure The Armed Forces, the development of military science, and a continuous process of improving the rear forces took place.
Currently, more than 100 thousand tons of a wide variety of ammunition are spent every year on combat training of the army alone, and at least 700 thousand tons are distributed to feed personnel various types food. Logistics officers are responsible for all this. Very often they get up earlier than everyone else, and the all-clear for them can only sound when the entire unit has been asleep for a long time.
For the rear it is very difficult to introduce such a concept as a daily routine. This is because people need to be fed, put on shoes, provided with hot and cold water, and warmth around the clock. If it were possible to compare Russian army With big family, then the rear service in it is a caring mother, whose work is not so noticeable from the outside, but for all military people, the rear service very often turns out to be the first person both in barracks conditions and in field exercises.
These troops are very fond of saying: without a rear there is no victory. Any serviceman, whether he is an infantryman, a sailor, a rocket scientist or a pilot, will be ready to subscribe to these words. A lot depends on the quality work of logistics units in the army; one might say, this is the foundation of any modern army. For example, only in 2015, logistics units to provide Crimea fresh water More than 400 kilometers of pipelines were laid. Also, the rear personnel successfully coped with the task of ensuring the revival of Russian military units and airfields on the islands of the Arctic Ocean, successfully delivering thousands of tons of various cargo there.
This year, on Logistics Day of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, competitions will be held international competition"Field Kitchen" As part of these competitions, military chefs will compete with each other and in shooting accuracy with firearms. Army General Dmitry Bulgakov, who holds the post of Deputy Minister of Defense of Russia, told reporters about this. According to Dmitry Bulgakov, military chefs representing Russia, Belarus, Serbia, Azerbaijan, Mongolia and Israel will identify the most accurate shooter in their ranks. They will compete in shooting from AK-74 assault rifles.
“During the first stage of the competition, military chefs will have to hit targets with a Kalashnikov assault rifle from a distance of 100 meters. All participants in the stage will shoot 6 rounds from a prone position - three sighting rounds and three scoring rounds,” noted the country’s Deputy Minister of Defense. Army General Bulgakov recalled that in 2016, junior sergeant of the People's Liberation Army of China Gan Guijin was recognized as the most accurate cook at the International Army Games, who managed to score 30 out of 30 possible points from his standard weapon, which is similar in all its characteristics to the Russian AK-machine gun. 74. At the same time, according to the deputy head of the Russian military department, the active phase of the “Field Kitchen” competition will begin only on August 3 - on this day, military chefs will begin preparing dishes according to arbitrary recipes.
On this holiday, August 1, the Military Review team congratulates on their professional holiday all active and former military personnel of the rear forces, as well as civilian personnel and veterans of the Great Patriotic War, who with their labor in difficult conditions forged a common Victory. At present, the rear of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation still remains a reliable material base, without which it is impossible to imagine a combat-ready army and navy.
Holidays are constant companions of people's life. Holidays for us are an opportunity to bring joy to loved ones! And of course, a holiday is not a calendar concept, it happens where it is felt, where it is expected. Behind last years A lot has changed in our lives, but people’s craving for holidays remains an important phenomenon for any person.
On August 1, military personnel and logistics workers celebrate their professional holiday - Logistics Day of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which was established by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 1998.
History of the rear of the Armed Forces
The holiday of August 1 - Home Front Day of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - is an excellent occasion to remember history.
The formation of the rear organs is directly related to the formation of the Russian regular army, at the origins of which was Peter I. In 1700, the Provision Order (to supply the army with bread, cereals, grain fodder) and the Military Order were created, which made allocations, among other primary needs, for supplying troops with uniforms .
Over the centuries, units, formations and institutions of the Home Front have gone through a difficult path of development. The rear was reorganized many times, its status changed.
August 1, 1941 Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin signed the order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR No. 0257 “On the organization of the Main Logistics Directorate of the Red Army...”, which united the headquarters of the Chief of Logistics, the VOSO Directorate, the Road Administration and the Inspectorate of the Chief of Logistics of the Red Army. The position of Chief of Logistics of the Red Army was introduced, to whom, in addition to the Main Logistics Directorate of the Red Army, “in all respects,” the Main Quartermaster Directorate, the Fuel Supply Directorate, the Sanitary and Veterinary Directorates were also subordinated. The position of chief of logistics was also introduced in fronts and armies.
Deputy People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR, Lieutenant General of the Quartermaster Service A.V., was appointed head of the rear of the Red Army. Khrulev, his chief of staff was Major General of the Quartermaster Service P.V. Utkin. Bringing together the entire set of supply, medical and transport structures under one umbrella made it possible to establish the complex process of logistics support for the active army.
The logistics structures of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation provide everything necessary not only for military personnel, but also for military equipment; provide life support to military garrisons and carry out a number of other activities in accordance with the assigned tasks.
With their work, the Logistics Structures have earned their holiday, Logistics Day of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
“Taking into account the importance of logistics support for the army and navy, noting the military services of veterans and personnel of the Armed Forces Logistics to the Fatherland and in connection with its 300th anniversary,” on July 29, 2000, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree “On the 300th anniversary of the Armed Forces Logistics ", according to which on August 1, 2000, a memorable day was established and solemnly celebrated - the 300th anniversary of the Logistics of the Armed Forces.
More than three hundred years have passed since the establishment in Russia of structures responsible for centralized logistics support for troops. During this time, the supply bodies of the army and navy, developing as the means and methods of armed struggle improved, became a reliable structure in maintaining the combat readiness of the Armed Forces at the proper level.
A multifaceted page in the history of the Logistics of the Armed Forces is a worthy contribution of its specialists to the victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War. Under the leadership of the central logistics agencies of the Red Army, created in 1941, the logistics soldiers with their labor were able to quickly make up for the losses of the first days of the war, establish a clear system of comprehensive supply of troops and naval forces, which contributed to the conduct of dozens of strategic and more than a thousand army operations.
For exemplary performance of command assignments, personal courage and initiative, many Armed Forces Logistics specialists were awarded high state awards. More than a hundred of them were awarded the high title of Hero Soviet Union and Hero of Socialist Labor.
Today, the Rear Services of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is one of the most important components of the Armed Forces, which is responsible for ensuring the daily life of the troops in peacetime and war. This includes food and clothing supplies for military personnel, medical, commercial and consumer services, sanitary services for personnel and provision of troops with fuel and lubricants. This includes meeting the transport needs of troops, engineering and airfield and airfield technical support for aviation, carrying out fire-fighting and environmental measures, and much more. It includes the logistics headquarters, 9 main and central directorates, 3 services, as well as command and control bodies, troops and organizations of central subordination, logistics structures of the branches and branches of the Armed Forces, military districts and fleets, associations, formations and military units.
Home Front Day of the Russian Armed Forces / Photo: Press service of the Russian Defense Ministry
Every year August 1st is celebrated Home Front Day of the Russian Armed Forces. This holiday was approved by Order of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 225 of May 7, 1998.
The year 1700 is taken as the starting point for the history of the rear of the armed forces. Then, on February 18, Peter I signed the Decree “On the management of all grain reserves of military men to Okolnichy Yazykov, with the name for this part of General Provisions.”
The first independent supply body was established - the Provision Order, which was in charge of the supply of bread, cereals and grain fodder for the army. He carried out centralized food supply, which, as is known, is today one of the types of material support for troops.
On August 1, 1941, the actual self-determination of the rear of the armed forces took place - the rear was defined as an independent branch or branch of the armed forces.
On this day, Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin signed the order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR No. 0257 “On the organization of the Main Logistics Directorate of the Red Army...”, which united the headquarters of the Chief of Logistics, the VOSO Directorate, the Road Administration and the Inspectorate of the Chief of Logistics of the Red Army. The position of Chief of Logistics of the Red Army was introduced, to whom, in addition to the Main Logistics Directorate of the Red Army, “in all respects,” the Main Quartermaster Directorate, the Fuel Supply Directorate, the Sanitary and Veterinary Directorates were also subordinated.
Bringing together the entire set of supply, medical and transport structures under one umbrella made it possible to establish the complex process of logistics support for the active army.
It includes the logistics headquarters, 9 main and central directorates, 3 services, as well as command and control bodies, troops and organizations of central subordination, logistics structures of the branches and branches of the Armed Forces, military districts and fleets, associations, formations and military units.
On July 29, 2000, Russian President V. Putin signed a decree “On the 300th anniversary of the Logistics of the Armed Forces,” the text of which states: “Given the importance of logistical support for the army and navy, noting the military services to the Fatherland of veterans and personnel of the Logistics of the Armed Forces and in In connection with its 300th anniversary, I decree: Establish a memorable day - the 300th anniversary of the Logistics of the Armed Forces and celebrate it on August 1, 2000."
Peter I on March 1 (February 18, old style) 1700, establishing the position of general provisions in the military department, to which the okolnichy Semyon Yazykov was appointed. This decree commanded the General Provisioner “... to manage all the grain reserves for the dacha of the military people, as well as their collection and dacha, in Moscow and in other cities...”. Thus, a new order was established, which, in accordance with the title of its chief, became known as the Proviantsky order, and the beginning of a centralized supply of food to the troops was laid.
On the same day, by royal decree, a “Special Order” was formed (later called the Military Order (sometimes called the Commissariat Order), which was entrusted with supplying the troops with uniforms, equipment and salaries, as well as weapons and horses.
The Artillery Order was created in 1701 on the basis of the Pushkar Order, which existed since the 16th century and was in charge of the manufacture, distribution and accounting of artillery and ammunition.
In 1711, by decree of Peter I, supply bodies became part of the active army. A commissariat was created in its field department, which was in charge of all types of supplies. In divisions, the organization of supply was entrusted to chief commissars and chief provisions masters, and in regiments, respectively, to commissars and provision masters. Moreover, the regiments acquired their own military facilities.
established in early XVIII century, the structure of governing bodies and the experience gained during the Northern War in supplying the army in the field were enshrined in the Military Charter of 1716. Responsibility for providing the troops was assigned to the army commander (Field Marshal), and direct leadership to the General Kriegs Commissar, whose responsibilities, in particular, included supplying the troops with money, clothing, provisions, weapons and horses. Medical support was provided in the army by a doctor under senior generals, in divisions by a doctor and a staff doctor, in regiments by a doctor, and in a company by a barber (paramedic).
Subsequently, the logistics support system of the Russian army was improved taking into account the experience of wars. Supply transport was developed, a system for echeloning supplies was developed, and a unified quartermaster service was created. First world war Front-line and army supply bases were formed, front-line distribution stations began to function, ensuring the reception of railway transport from the rear of the country, as well as corps unloading stations.
In the Red Army, the Central Supply Directorate was formed in 1918; In associations and formations, positions of supply chiefs were established, to whom units, institutions and logistics services were subordinate.
Happy ending Civil War The Central Supply Directorate was reformed into the Supply Directorate, which was soon liquidated. Food and clothing supply services were combined into one Military Economic Directorate. The same thing happened with other supply and maintenance services. In addition, they were all subordinate directly to the People's Commissar of Defense. The term "rear" as a system of comprehensive support for troops (forces) was excluded from use. In 1935, instead of the Military Economic Directorate, food, clothing and baggage supply departments were created, also subordinate to the People's Commissar of Defense. Management of logistics, medical and other types of support was concentrated in combined arms headquarters. The chiefs of staff of the front, army and division had full-time rear deputies, and in the regiment there was a rear assistant. In 1939, the Office of the Chief of Supply of the Red Army was established. In 1940, it was transformed into the Main Quartermaster Directorate as part of the departments of food, clothing, baggage and household supplies and housing allowances.
By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the rear of the Armed Forces of the USSR included: rear units, units and institutions that were part of military units, formations and associations of all types of the Armed Forces; bases and warehouses with stocks of material resources; railway, automobile, road, repair, engineering and airfield, aviation and technical, medical, veterinary and other rear units and units of central subordination. Their management in a special respect was carried out through the corresponding main and central departments of the People's Commissariat of Defense. The general management of the Main Quartermaster, Sanitary, Veterinary Directorates and the Material Funds Department was entrusted to the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense. The existing rear structure did not meet the requirements of the war. The army and front-line rear services were absent, since their maintenance in peacetime was not provided for by the states.
In the context of the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, on August 1, 1941, an order was signed by the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR “On the organization of the Main Logistics Directorate of the Red Army...”, which united the headquarters of the Chief of Logistics, the Directorate of Military Communications (VOSO), the Highway Department and the Inspectorate of the Chief of Logistics of the Red Army. Army. The position of Chief of Logistics of the Red Army was introduced, who, in addition to
The Main Directorate of Logistics was also subordinated to the Main Quartermaster Directorate, the Fuel Supply Directorate, the Sanitary and Veterinary Directorates. The position of chief of logistics was also introduced in fronts and armies.
By May 1942, the positions of logistics chiefs in corps and divisions were introduced. As a result of these measures, a well-organized and technically equipped rear of the Armed Forces emerged, which successfully coped with a large volume of tasks related to logistics support for troops.
In the post-war years, as the country's economy developed, changes in the organizational structure and technical equipment of the armed forces, and the development of military science, the rear was further improved.
With the creation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in May 1992, their rear was also formed, the basis for which was the corresponding organs and elements of the rear infrastructure of the USSR Armed Forces.
As part of the structural reforms carried out in the army and navy, since 2010, measures have been taken to create a unified structure for the logistics of the Armed Forces (MTO of the Armed Forces) - the unification of the rear of the Armed Forces and weapons agencies.
The created logistics system is a vertically built management structure from the central apparatus to the military level. As a result, under a single leadership there are structures designed to provide the Armed Forces with all types of materiel, organize the operation, maintenance and repair of weapons and military equipment, carry out military transportation by all types of transport and maintenance of transport communications and facilities.
The scope of activities of logistics services of the RF Armed Forces also includes maintaining the good condition of barracks, buildings, structures located on the territory of military camps, their cleaning, and provision of utilities; veterinary and sanitary control of food, measures to protect environment and fire protection at the facilities of the Russian Ministry of Defense.
At the current stage of development of the Armed Forces, the structure of the central apparatus of the MTO includes: the headquarters of logistics of the RF Armed Forces; Department of Transport Support of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation; Department of Operational Maintenance and Provision of Public Utilities to Military Units and Organizations of the RF Ministry of Defense; Food Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation; Main Armored Directorate of the Russian Defense Ministry; Main Missile and Artillery Directorate of the Russian Defense Ministry; Main Directorate of the Chief of Railway Troops; Department of Metrology of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Management general types support is entrusted to the central bodies of military command, subordinate to the Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, Army General Dmitry Bulgakov.
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