PRC: 127,282
Philippines: 120 000
Canada: 98 900
Peru: 90,000
Australia: 71 013
Great Britain: 63 017
Thailand: 45 805
Germany: 36 960
Argentina: 34 000
France: 30 947
The Republic of Korea: 28 320
Singapore: 23 000
Republic of China: 20 373
Micronesia: 20 000
Mexico: 20 000
Bolivia: 14 000
New Zealand: 13 447
Italy: 12 156
Indonesia: 11 263
Paraguay: 10 321
Chile: 10,000
Vietnam: 9468
Malaysia: 9142
Switzerland: 8499
New Caledonia: 8000
Spain: 7046
Netherlands: 6616
Belgium: 6519
Marshall Islands: 6000
Palau: 5000
Russia: 2137 Language Religion Racial type

Number and settlement

The population is 130 million people, in Japan itself - 127 million. The Japanese also live in the USA (1.2 million people), mainly in the state of California and the Hawaiian Islands, in Brazil (1.5 million people), in Canada (99 thousand people) and other countries of America, in Europe, Asia and Australia.

Language

Mentality of the nation

If we consider the Japanese mentality as a whole, then, despite the enormous influence of modern Western culture, he managed, having adopted a lot “from the outside,” to preserve his essence.

Elusive, compromising, sensitive and reflective. Individually unselfish and extremely socially dependent. Absorbing and receiving, but with a strict “friend/foe” system. Deep, rich internally, but strictly limited and structured in forms of expression.

In this value system, which is based on a sense of duty and hierarchical social relationships, it is the individual who exists within and for the sake of the group, and not the group for the sake of the individual. At the same time, the inner “I” of the individual is carefully stored and protected inside, and its imposition on the outside world is not encouraged. Maximum smoothing of corners and the search for compromises are encouraged (even at the expense of uncertainty), but sticking out, being categorical and imposing something are not approved and are extremely difficult within this system.

Thus, the Japanese mentality, being compromise and group in nature, is in its system of values ​​and priorities the complete opposite of the Western mentality. And even the fact that many typically Western external forms of social interactions were strangely borrowed in the shortest possible time and so effectively transferred, adapted to soil that was completely alien at first glance, is due to the natural development of the same harmonious Japanese system of values ​​and priorities, prone to finding ways , interaction and compromise, with complete unity and integrity, the absence of serious variability between the interests of the group and the individual. In fact, a different (Japanese) content was embedded in the same external forms borrowed from the West.

The modern Japanese mentality, although it has undergone significant influence from Western values ​​(which have somewhat changed the relationship between personal freedom and a sense of duty), still remains compromising and group in nature, fully retaining all its features.

Origin

For a long time it was believed that the supposed ancestors of the Japanese, the so-called proto-Japanese (“Puyo”) tribes, in the 1st millennium BC. e. (and according to some information earlier) individual tribes moved to the Japanese archipelago from the Korean Peninsula. At the same time, the ancient indigenous population of Japan, the Ainu and Austronesian tribes, were gradually displaced and assimilated by proto-Japanese tribes, whose language (belonging to the Altai language family) prevailed, having adopted elements of the Austronesian substrate. Presumably in the 4th century (exactly unknown), the first all-Japanese state appeared - Yamato.

However, available data do not confirm such massive migrations from the continent during this period. Although the very fact of the resettlement of individual Puyo tribes to the islands is undoubted, as were their cultural role, but scattered across the islands and very limited in number at the first stage, they were simply lost among the autochthonous tribes (Austronesian and ancient Ainu). So there is simply no talk of any assimilation during that period. Even despite the decisive role of these tribes in the formation of the ancient Japanese state of Yamato (Wa).

As for the ancient Japanese state, there is multiple information that its formation dates back to more ancient periods. According to Japanese chronicles - by the 7th century BC.

The modern Japanese Ainu should also not be confused with the ancient indigenous population of the Japanese islands. In the light of many studies, it has been established that the modern Ainu formed quite late, at about the same time as the Japanese themselves. Although there is no doubt that culturally (especially in terms of language), and in many ways genetically, they are closer to the Ainoid proto-tribes of the Jomon era than the modern Japanese (who in this regard are closer to the Puyo tribes who migrated from the continent). But just like the Japanese themselves, they are a later derivative, having gone through an equally long evolution through a series of cultures, eras, ethnic and genetic changes and borrowings.

Apparently, the ancient tribes that inhabited the Japanese islands in the Jomon era, and consisted mainly of Ainoids and to a lesser extent Austronesians, were a mixture of genotype and cultures. At the same time, individual tribes of new newcomers from the continent scattered across the islands (“Buyo” proto-Japanese-Korean tribes belonging to the East Asian branch of the Mongoloid race) were for a long time in an obvious minority, lost among the indigenous tribes. It seems quite clear that the newcomers had a significant cultural impact, contributing to the spread of irrigated agriculture and the emergence of a new type of culture (which became widespread during the Yayoi Period). Even at the stage of formation of the Yamato state, it was more cultural and organizing than actually assimilation. It was simply not possible for them to displace or immediately assimilate the indigenous population (due to their small numbers). This process was very gradual and lengthy and was finally completed throughout the entire territory of the Japanese islands only in the 19th century AD. Only as the ancient Japanese state developed, as the number, unification and spread of the Puyo tribes on the islands increased, as the mixing of the Mongoloid (Puyo tribes), Ainoid and Austronesian racial types intensified, this new element was able to exert not only a significant cultural but also racial influence on the indigenous population of the Japanese islands, which gradually formed the modern mixed genotype and ethnic group of the Japanese.

The rulers of Japan in all historical times were emperors (mikado), who continuously led their family lineage for 124 generations, starting from the 7th century BC (the time of the first legendary emperor and the founding of the Japanese state according to Japanese chronicles). They were deified, considered the descendants of the sun goddess Amaterasu. In 1192, feudal lords seized power, this period is called the shogunate and lasted until 1868. During this period, imperial power was purely nominal, while real power was exercised by military rulers - the shoguns. As a result of the Meiji Revolution in the 19th century, imperial power was completely restored until 1945, when, after the surrender of Japan, it again became purely nominal - constitutional. The dynasty of the Japanese emperors is the oldest surviving royal dynasty on Earth today. Since 1989, the emperor and “symbol of the state and the unity of the people” is Akihito. The monarchy is constitutional, legislation is carried out by parliament. According to tradition, a woman cannot be the Emperor of Japan; this rule has never been violated.

Despite the high integrity of the modern Japanese ethnos, within its framework there are still separate ethnic groups, with their own customs and dialects required for each locality. The Ryukyuan people especially stood out; in the Middle Ages they even had their own statehood.

A specific phenomenon is "eta", officially called "tokushu burakumin" ("residents of special villages"). These are the descendants of people of “mean” professions, tanners, scavengers, buffoons. Anthropologically, they are no different from the rest of the Japanese, officially they have all civil rights, but in everyday life their discrimination persists.

The completely independent ethnic Ainu people, not related to the Japanese, had their own racial and cultural characteristics, their own language, displaced from Honshu, but still inhabiting Hokkaido and the northern islands in the 19th century, and were finally assimilated by the Japanese in the first half of the 20th century. Anthropologically, the Ainu go back to the Ainoid proto-tribes of the Jomon era, and later to the Emishi tribes, assimilated by the Japanese in the Middle Ages on Honshu, but leaving their mark on their genotype and culture.

Farm

Traditional sectors of the economy are arable and irrigated rice sowing. Tea, vegetables, and citrus fruits are also grown, and sericulture and fishing are developed. Currently, Japan is a highly developed industrial country. Without their own resources, only imported raw materials, the Japanese were able to develop complex and sophisticated industries: mechanical engineering, electronics, etc., and very quickly reached the global level, creating one of the leading manufacturing, technological economies in the world.

Life, customs, culture

The villages have a linear layout. A traditional house is a post-frame house, usually with 1-2 floors. Sliding walls made of frames covered with wax paper or cardboard are typical. The floor is raised on small stilts. It is almost completely covered with mats. Tables, chairs, armchairs are placed only in living rooms. The tables are low, the Japanese usually sit on their knees, on cushions. There are no beds, they sleep on a mat, and they put a board under their heads rather than a pillow. The house is necessarily decorated with original paintings, which may contain an image, a drawing, or an inscription (aphorism, quote). They are called kakemono.

Popular crafts include making dolls from wood or paper, weaving baskets, vases, and fans. Characterized by unique types of art: making paper figures (origami), arranging flower bouquets (ikebana).

IN fine arts The Japanese achieved great skill in engraving (classical Japanese engraving).

The national clothing of the Japanese is called kimono （着物） - this is a general type of outerwear for men and women. The main nagagi kimono (長着) is put on the undershirt - juban （襦袢）, adjusted according to height and secured with a narrow belt, on top of which a wide decorative belt　obi is tied. White socks are put on the feet - tabis with a separate thumb. An unlined summer casual kimono is called a yukata. There are two types of shoes: zori (草履) (sandals made from straw, leather, rubber, etc.) and geta - shoes made of wood on two stands. Currently, the Japanese wear European clothes in everyday life. Kimono can be seen on New Year, coming of age day and at Japanese weddings.

Women's kimonos differ from men's in the cut of their sleeves. For women, the sleeves serve as pockets of sorts.

It is known that since ancient times the Japanese have practiced a two-stage funeral rite, and the first stage was the “Rite of Air Burial”. This ritual was supplanted by the rituals of Buddhism.

Japanese food

Dining etiquette in Japan differs from European etiquette. It is usually eaten from porcelain cups with hashi chopsticks. Liquid food is drunk from bowls, but sometimes spoons are used. Knife and fork are used exclusively for European dishes. Slurping while eating is considered quite decent, but sticking chopsticks into food, especially rice, is unacceptable. You also cannot place the chopsticks with their sharp ends to the left, or across the cup, point them at something or wave them in the air, hold them in your fist, etc. It is considered good manners to pour drinks into the glasses of your neighbors, but not yourself.

The Japanese call rice “gohan” (“boiled rice”, but this word can also be used in the general meaning of “food”; moreover, the respectful prefix “go” to the word “han” (rice) has become mandatory over time; all this speaks of the enormous importance of this dish for the Japanese). Rice is always present at meals. Until the 19th century, only the rich ate rice; it was expensive. The rest took care of it for the holiday, replacing it in simple days barley. Only in the 20th century did rice become generally available. Popular dishes include noodles made from wheat (udon) or buckwheat (soba). Noodles go both in soups and as an independent dish, with additives and seasonings. Important place in Japanese cuisine takes soybeans. Soups, sauces, soy cheese, tofu, and natto are made from it.

One of the most popular Japanese dishes outside the country is sushi. There are several varieties, for example, the most popular view sushi is nigirizushi (握り寿司: hand-made sushi). It consists of an oblong lump of palm-pressed rice, a small amount of wasabi and a thin piece of filling (raw fish, shrimp or caviar) that covers the rice (neta). Nigiri may also be bound with a thin strip of nori. Norimaki (海苔巻) is a cylindrical sushi consisting of a piece of raw fish wrapped in rice and wrapped in nori (pressed sheets of seaweed). One of my favorite dishes is sashimi (刺身) - pieces of raw fish. It is consumed with soy sauce, to which wasabi is added. Sashimi is often served alongside julienned daikon radish and shiso (Perilla) leaves.

The Japanese have many different soups, but the most traditional is misoshiru (味噌汁). This is a soup made from miso paste (which is made from boiled, mashed and fermented soybeans with the addition of salt and malt). Such soups are prepared differently in each region. In addition, the Japanese widely consume vegetables and herbs (potatoes, carrots, cabbage, horseradish, dill, celery, parsley, tomatoes, onions, apples, daikon), fish, shark meat, seaweed, chicken, squid, crab and other seafood.

The traditional and popular drink of the Japanese is green tea, and the alcohol is rice wine, sake and shochu.

Japanese mythology

According to the Shinto myth of the creation of the earth, the first beings were Izanagi and Izanami, who created the objects of nature and the rest of the gods.

The main principle of Shinto is living in harmony with nature and people. The world of the kami is not an otherworldly abode, but a common natural environment with the world of people. Therefore, people do not need to seek salvation in another world, but must try to achieve harmony with the kami in this life.

Shinto is a deeply national Japanese religion and, in a sense, personifies the Japanese nation, its customs, character and culture.

There is a close connection between deities and people even by origin: the connecting link is the Mikado, the descendant of Amaterasu and her representative on earth, as well as the ancestor of all Japanese. The most important legends regarding the deities that make up the Shinto pantheon are outlined at the beginning of the history chapter. From them one can see that these deities have a close connection with the forces of nature and often even represent their personification.

The main role between them is played by the sun goddess Amaterasu; then there are deities of the moon, earth, underground kingdom, wind, thunder, fire, water, hearth, food, contagious diseases, etc. The cult of ancestors is mixed in with the deification of nature in Shinto: divine honors are given here to both the former and the reigning Mikado, the souls of heroes and ancestors in general.

Buddhism appears later. In Japan, it breaks up into several sects and is intertwined with local Shintoism to such an extent that it is not always possible to understand which sect is more imbued with Buddhism and which with Shintoism. Each sect worships its own gods. “Amidaist” sects of medieval origin rely on the savior Buddha-Amida (Amitaba). In the Shingon sect, the supreme Buddha is Dainichi-Nyorai, “Great Solar Buddha.” In other sects, a group of five gods Myo, “Great Buddhas of Wisdom” are revered, one of them is Fudo-myo, depicted as a stern warrior with a sword and angry face. This means that it destroys greed, anger and ignorance. The main deities are the same as in other countries, their correspondences: Butsu - Buddha, Bosatsu - Bodhisattva, Shaka-Nyorai - Shakyamuni, Daruma, or Bodaidaruma - Bodhidharma.

The most widespread sect, Soka Gakkai, actively interferes in political life countries. Finally, the Zen sect became the most widespread. Her fans can be found far beyond Japan. Its essence is mystical self-deepening and comprehension of truth outside of reason.

The ancient religion in Japan, however, was not Shintoism, but the cult of ancestral spirits (kami). He is little known. The priests of this cult were called ura-be (fortune tellers) and imi-be (exorcists). In addition, the group of gods “city fukujin”, that is, the seven gods of happiness, is very popular among the people. These are: Jurojin (寿老人 - longevity), Daikoku (大黒 - wealth and agriculture),

Japanese are not native to Japan October 19th, 2017

Everyone knows that the Americans are not, just like today. Did you know that the Japanese are not the indigenous population of Japan?

Who then lived in these places before them?

Before them, the Ainu lived here, a mysterious people whose origins still have many mysteries. The Ainu lived next to the Japanese for some time, until the latter managed to push them north.

The fact that the Ainu are the ancient masters of the Japanese archipelago, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands is evidenced by written sources and numerous names of geographical objects, the origin of which is associated with the Ainu language. And even the symbol of Japan - the great Mount Fuji - has in its name the Ainu word “fuji”, which means “deity of the hearth”. According to scientists, the Ainu settled the Japanese islands around 13,000 BC and formed the Neolithic Jomon culture there.

The Ainu did not engage in agriculture; they obtained food by hunting, gathering and fishing. They lived in small settlements, quite distant from each other. Therefore, their habitat was quite extensive: the Japanese islands, Sakhalin, Primorye, the Kuril Islands and the south of Kamchatka. Around the 3rd millennium BC, Mongoloid tribes arrived on the Japanese islands, who later became the ancestors of the Japanese. The new settlers brought with them the rice crop, which made it possible to feed themselves. a large number population in a relatively small area. Thus began difficult times in the life of the Ainu. They were forced to move to the north, leaving their ancestral lands to the colonialists.

But the Ainu were skilled warriors, fluent with bows and swords, and the Japanese were unable to defeat them for a long time. A very long time, almost 1500 years. The Ainu knew how to wield two swords, and on their right hip they carried two daggers. One of them (cheyki-makiri) served as a knife for committing ritual suicide- hara-kiri. The Japanese were able to defeat the Ainu only after the invention of cannons, by which time they had learned a lot from them in terms of military art. The samurai code of honor, the ability to wield two swords and the mentioned hara-kiri ritual - these seemingly characteristic attributes of Japanese culture were actually borrowed from the Ainu.

Scientists are still arguing about the origin of the Ainu. But the fact that this people is not related to other indigenous peoples of the Far East and Siberia is already a proven fact. A characteristic feature of their appearance is very Thick hair and a beard in men, which representatives of the Mongoloid race lack. It has long been believed that they may have common roots with the peoples of Indonesia and the Pacific Aborigines, as they have similar facial features. But genetic studies ruled out this option as well. And the first Russian Cossacks who arrived on the island of Sakhalin even mistook the Ainu for Russians, they were so unlike the Siberian tribes, but rather resembled Europeans. The only group of people from all the analyzed variants with whom they have a genetic relationship were the people of the Jomon era, who presumably were the ancestors of the Ainu. The Ainu language is also very different from the modern linguistic picture of the world, and a suitable place has not yet been found for it. It turns out that during their long isolation the Ainu lost contact with all other peoples of the Earth, and some researchers even distinguish them into a special Ainu race.

Today there are very few Ainu left, about 25,000 people. They live mainly in the north of Japan and are almost completely assimilated by the population of this country.

Ainu in Russia

The Kamchatka Ainu first came into contact with Russian merchants at the end of the 17th century. Relations with the Amur and North Kuril Ainu were established in the 18th century. The Ainu considered the Russians, who were racially different from their Japanese enemies, as friends, and by the middle of the 18th century, more than one and a half thousand Ainu accepted Russian citizenship. Even the Japanese could not distinguish the Ainu from the Russians because of their external similarity (white skin and Australoid facial features, which are similar to Caucasoid ones in a number of ways). When the Japanese first came into contact with the Russians, they called them the Red Ainu (Ainu with blond hair). Only in early XIX centuries, the Japanese realized that Russians and Ainu are two different people. However, to the Russians the Ainu were "hairy", "swarthy", "dark-eyed" and "dark-haired". The first Russian researchers described the Ainu as looking like Russian peasants with dark skin or more like gypsies.

The Ainu sided with the Russians during the Russo-Japanese Wars of the 19th century. However, after defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1905, the Russians abandoned them to their fate. Hundreds of Ainu were killed and their families were forcibly transported to Hokkaido by the Japanese. As a result, the Russians failed to recapture the Ainu during World War II. Only a few Ainu representatives decided to stay in Russia after the war. More than 90% went to Japan.

Under the terms of the St. Petersburg Treaty of 1875, the Kuril Islands were ceded to Japan, along with the Ainu living there. 83 Northern Kuril Ainu arrived in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on September 18, 1877, deciding to remain under Russian control. They refused to move to reservations on the Commander Islands, as they were offered Russian government. After which, from March 1881, for four months they traveled on foot to the village of Yavino, where they later settled. Later the village of Golygino was founded. Another 9 Ainu arrived from Japan in 1884. The 1897 census indicates 57 people in Golygino (all Ainu) and 39 people in Yavino (33 Ainu and 6 Russians). Both villages were destroyed by the Soviet authorities, and the residents were resettled to Zaporozhye, Ust-Bolsheretsk region. As a result, three ethnic groups assimilated with the Kamchadals.

Northern Kuril Ainu this moment- the largest Ainu subgroup in Russia. The Nakamura family (South Kuril on the paternal side) is the smallest and has only 6 people living in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. There are a few on Sakhalin who identify themselves as Ainu, but many more Ainu do not recognize themselves as such. Most of the 888 Japanese living in Russia (2010 census) are of Ainu origin, although they do not recognize it (pure-blooded Japanese are allowed to enter Japan without a visa). The situation is similar with the Amur Ainu living in Khabarovsk. And it is believed that none of the Kamchatka Ainu are left alive.

In 1979, the USSR deleted the ethnonym “Ainu” from the list of “living” ethnic groups in Russia, thereby declaring that this people had become extinct on the territory of the USSR. Judging by the 2002 census, no one entered the ethnonym “Ainu” in fields 7 or 9.2 of the K-1 census form

There is information that the Ainu have the most direct genetic connections through the male line, oddly enough, with the Tibetans - half of them are carriers of the close haplogroup D1 (the D2 group itself is practically not found outside the Japanese archipelago) and the Miao-Yao peoples in southern China and in Indochina. As for female (Mt-DNA) haplogroups, the Ainu group is dominated by the U group, which is also found among other peoples of East Asia, but in small numbers.

sources

In memory of Vasily Melentyevich Mendrin.

Vasily Melentyevich Mendrin was born on May 3, 1866 in Yekaterinodar, died on May 22, 1920 in Vladivostok, a major Russian orientalist. He was buried at the Pokrovskoe cemetery in Vladivostok, his grave has not survived, the scientific archive was lost, but a translation of “The History of the Shogunate in Japan” or “Nihon Gaishi” with his comments and notes remained.

"KOJIKI" AND "NIHON GAISHI"

Written information about ancient history There is practically no Japan left. The semi-mythical works, which in Japan are called "Kojiki", mention the goddess Amatarasu - the great sun goddess. When descending from heaven to earth, the grandson of the great Goddess Amatarasu, “Ninigi no Mikoto,” became the founder of imperial power in Japan. He was sent by the goddess Amatarasu to assume eternal power over the country that we know as Japan, and in ancient times was called Yamato. The time of establishment of imperial power in Yamato is unknown today. It is also unknown to what time the Kojiki myths date back.

In a later period of Japanese history, part of the data was recorded and preserved to this day about the struggle of two large family families, Taira and Minamoto, for imperial power. This entry was made by the Japanese writer Rai Dze in his book “Nihon Gaishi”, which in the translation of the Russian scientist Vasily Milentyevich Mendrin means “Free History of Japan”. The Nihon Gaishi records that in the years 662-667, the struggle of three clans had a huge influence on the formation of imperial power in Japan: the Minamoto, the Taira and the Fujiwara.

Having taken the side of the Minamoto clan, the military rulers (shoguns) from the Fujiwara clan practically exterminated the Taira clan. In 1181, during the last battle between the Taira and Minamoto clans, power passed to the Minamoto clan. In 1185, the last emperor of the Taira clan, Emperor Antoku, dies.

New research has shown that semi-mythical data about the goddess Amatarasu and the two imperial families of Taira and Minamoto have ancient historical roots that modern science unknown.

These studies in the field of ancient history, based on the deciphering of the texts of the “Old Testament”, linguistic discoveries in the “proto-language”, made it possible to determine where the ancient emperors of Japan Taira and Minamoto came to the islands, as well as to find out the basis of the origin of the legend about the Goddess Amatarasu.

Empire Paradise

Everything that will be discussed next is a completely new historical hypothesis. It is based on transcripts of the texts of the “Old Testament” - the oldest historical manuscripts in the world. These manuscripts, which Jews call the Torah, are approximately 4,500 years old. They are known to everyone and have a huge number of translations into all languages ​​of the world. However, only very rare specialists know that these manuscripts contain information written in code or secret writing.

As a result of partial decoding of this information in 2007, I was able to discover that the cryptography contains historical material unknown to the scientific community. In particular, the secret writing says that after the creation of man by a higher mind and his reproduction, the world's first large empire called Paradise was formed.

The Empire of Rai was ruled by a family dynasty of pharaohs with the surname Ra (Solntsevs), which is why it was named after the surname of the pharaohs - Rai. The surnames of the daughter dynasties of the ruling family of the Solntsevs (Ra) were formed from the words of the “proto-language” and also contained the syllable Ra (Solntsevs) in their surnames. According to the order of formation, these are dynasties with surnames: Matara, Kara and Jara.

All the peoples of the Earth at that time spoke the same language, which I here call “proto-language.” Over the 4000 years of its existence, Paradise turned into a huge empire with borders from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean from west to east. The northern border of Paradise ran along the line: the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, then along the mountain ranges of the Caucasus, Tibet, Karakorum, Tien Shan to modern Korea. From this border, the entire territory to the south belonged to the Rai Empire.

Because of the mistakes of scientists, we believe that Paradise is a kind of mythical garden of God, in which the first people originally lived. In fact, in the manuscripts of the Old Testament there is no word for Paradise at all, and the first people lived in a place called Eden in the texts. The name Paradise became mythical after the destruction of the empire and its entire history; it began to appear in manuscripts of translations of the Old Testament and other ancient historical literature, but no one knew the meaning of this word. They replaced the Old Testament concept of Eden, but such a replacement was unlawful.

According to the secret writing of the Old Testament, the Empire of Paradise occupied half of the entire landmass. The second half of the land was occupied by the empire of the Kara clan. In ancient documents, the empire of the kings from the Kara clan was called midnight, and the empire of Rai was called midday. By the time the Great Migration began, around 2000 BC, these two empires existed peacefully together, but under the primacy of the Empire of Paradise.

As a result of a geological cataclysm and global icing that occurred in the Kara Empire, the “Great Migration of Peoples” began, accompanied by large and long-term military clashes between the two empires. The Paradise Empire was completely destroyed by settlers from the Midnight Empire. Some of the royal families of Paradise were forced to flee to the outskirts of their empire. Among them are two large royal families of the Rai Empire with surnames: Matara and Taira.

Proto-language and surnames of the emperors of Japan

In a comparative analysis of the records of the “proto-language” found in the “Old Testament” and the ancient Japanese imperial families, it turned out that three surnames: Amatarasu, Taira and Fujiwara, are read in the “proto-language” in a completely unknown subtext in Japan. Two of them: Amatarasu and Taira, are the oldest imperial families of the Ra (Solntsev) family and are closely related to another ancient royal family, Jara.

The Jara dynasty of kings ruled in ancient times in India. This dynasty was the fourth in order of formation from the first royal dynasty of Ra. The second dynasty in the table of ranks of the Ra dynasties was the Matara dynasty, the third was the dynasty with the family surname Kara. It was from the surname Jara that the royal title of the rulers of India, Raja, arose from the rearrangement of syllables when reading the syllabic surname of Indian kings - Ja Ra (Ra Ja).

The royal families: Ra, Matara and Jara were in direct biological relationship and lived nearby. At the same time, the clan of Ra was the main one and ruled all the clans of Ra from the capital of the empire of Paradise, Babylon, the ancient name of which was read as Babila. The kings of the Matara clan, I assume, ruled in the territory of modern Afghanistan. Linguistic studies of the “proto-language” show that the name Japanese Goddess Amatarasu is a late corruption of the Matara family name. The surnames of later descendants of Matara were distorted in Japan in the form of the ending “Moto” instead of “Mata”.

For example, in the surnames Minamoto, Tsukamoto, etc. Even later descendants of the Ra family who were part of the Rai empire are the kings with the surname Taira. They ruled in ancient times the areas of modern China and Thailand.

It turns out that the basis of the clan imperial elite of ancient Japan were people from the regions of Afghanistan with the surname Matara (Amatarasu in Nihon Gaishi) and people from the region of modern China or Thailand with the surname Taira.

As a result of the "Great Migration" under military pressure from the armies ancient China the Taira and Matara clans fled to the islands and there protected themselves from complete destruction.

Here is one very ancient tradition - read about real dzi beads - amulets made of stone, used in different beliefs and which can be found in both Tibet and Japan.

The Great Migration to the Japanese Islands

According to the secret writings of the Old Testament, approximately 2000 years BC. As a result of the “Great Migration,” the Paradise Empire was destroyed by settlers from the north. According to my research, one of the royal families of this empire, the Matara (Amatarasu) family, was expelled from its territory by the ancient Chinese Han family. Refugees from the royal house of Matara split into two groups: one fled to Egypt, the other towards the modern Japanese islands. Around the same time, the Chinese rulers of the Qin clan, with the support of the older clan of the Chinese Han rulers, seized the territory of the Taira clan for their settlements. The war for territory lasted for about a hundred years. Some of the descendants of the Taira imperial house also fled to the islands of Japan.

The descendants of the imperial house of Matara (Amatarasu), as a result of long wars with the Han dynasty (or as the Chinese write Han), were forced to flee their homeland, which, according to my information, was in the region of modern Afghanistan. Refugees go in two directions: west and east. A group of refugees moving east ends up on the islands of Japan, where they are accepted as relatives by the Taira clan that has already settled here. Another group of refugees reaches Egypt and is completely destroyed by the troops of the Khan (Han) clan.

The Matara clan, which settled on the islands of Japan, is older than the Taira clan; after some time, an internecine war for power arises between the descendants of these clans.

According to "Nihon Gaishi" we see only the last battles of the elder Matara family (Amatarasu) and its representative Minamoto (correctly read Minamata) in the struggle for power with the younger Taira imperial branch. As a result of this battle, the Taira clan is destroyed by the Minamata clan, belonging to a branch of the Amatarasu clan. This is what we see in the records of “Nihon Gaishi”

DISTORTION OF JAPAN'S FOREGOING LANGUAGE OVER 3000 YEARS

Historians believe that ancient Japan did not have a written language and the Japanese borrowed writing from the Chinese. New research shows that this assumption is wrong. The Japanese syllabary is, along with the ancient Egyptian syllabary, the most ancient language on the planet. It turns out that the ancient Japanese originally wrote in the “proto-language”, but, being under political and biological pressure Chinese Empire for more than 3,000 years, were forced to accept writing in Chinese characters.

However, the Japanese were not able to completely adapt their language to Chinese writing. As a result, two hieroglyphic syllabic alphabets arose in Japan: hiragana and katakana. Using katakana, the Japanese began to write down words for which there were no Chinese characters.

During the transition to Chinese writing, many ancient Japanese words were distorted and their exact meanings were lost. By comparing the “proto-language” found in the secret writings of the “Old Testament” and other manuscripts of the Jewish people, and a number of Japanese names and surnames, it was possible to restore their original meanings.

An ancient ruler from the Amatarasu (Matara) clan, known in the ancient history of Japan as Emperor Yamato, gave the name “Yamato” to the state on the islands with his family surname. This name lasted for a short historical period; in the “proto-language” it meant “Firstborn of the Mata clan” or “First of the Mata clan.” Later the country received the name Japan. This name is a distortion of the ancient syllabic phrase of the “proto-language” “Ia pan”. This is exactly how the name of the Japanese islands is written on the ancient maps of the Vatican.

In the "proto-language" this syllabic combination IA PAN is read as "Land (pan) of the firstborn (ia)." The fact is that the Matara (Amatarasu) dynasty, after the death of the main Ra (Solntsev) dynasty in Egypt, considered itself the first imperial dynasty on Earth. The syllabic combination Mata Ra is read in the “proto-language” as “Higher Sun”. Therefore, the name “Land of the First Born” or Iapan (Japan) reflects the position of the ancient family in the table of ranks of the Paradise Empire.

The fourth dynasty of the Rai-Jara empire, which ruled in India, retained its territories during the invasion of Chinese armies from the north by entering into inter-tribal marriages with the conquerors. The surname of the Jara or Raja dynasty is read in the “proto-language” as “Shining Sun”.

The Taira dynasty, which ended up as a result of flight to the islands of Japan, was the sixth dynasty in the table of ranks of the Rai Empire. The surname of the Taira dynasty in the “proto-language” is read as “Great Sun”.
Thus, the image of the sun on the Japanese banner is a symbol of a dynastic family name, and not a geographical location or physical phenomenon, as is commonly believed.

New research shows that the title: “Emperor of China” was borrowed by Chinese settlers from the Taira clan, that is, from the ancestors of the Japanese.

Linguistic confirmation of the new hypothesis

A number of words and names preserved in Japanese culture support the hypothesis described here. Most of the meanings of ancient Japanese words are either unknown to the Japanese themselves or have been distorted over time. But they can be read using the “proto-language” discovered in the secret writings of the Old Testament.
In particular, the name of the warrior of the imperial army “samurai” in the syllabary of the “proto-language” is read as “particle (sa) of the warriors (mu) of Paradise.”

The surname Fujiwara, in the syllabic version of Fu Ji Wa Ra, has its syllabic counterpart in the Indian language, where it is read as Jah Wa Ra and means “Thunderbolt”. In the “proto-language” this syllabic combination is read as follows: “Shining (Ja) in the water (Va) sun (Ra).” The meaning of the syllable "Fu" in the Fujiwara surname is not yet known. Vasily Melentyevich Mendrin believed that this syllable in ancient times meant "ruler" and was applied to the ruler of the ancient Japanese Imperial Army.

Then the entire Fujiwara surname should be read as "Ruler of Lightning Strikes" or "Ruler of Lightning." The ancient capital of Japan “Nara” in the syllabic “proto-language” is read as “the people of the Solntsevs”. The ancient military community of the Japanese was called Mura, which in the “proto-language” means: “Warriors of the Sun” or “Warriors of the Solntsev”. The Japanese word “kamikaze,” quite well known in the world, is read in the “proto-language” as “a killer whose death shines.”

The surname and name of the Japanese writer Rai Jou, who recorded the ancient Japanese legends, is not translated from Japanese into Russian. That is, in Japanese there is no understanding of what it means ancient word Paradise and the ancient word Dze. However, in the “proto-language” this name and surname have a very definite meaning.
Paradise - belonging to the Solntsev family (Ra)
Dze – shining.

All Japanese surnames ending in "moto" show their ancient kinship with the Matara dynasty. The fact is that the formation of royal or imperial families in ancient times had its own rules. The most distant relatives of the Matara surname could inherit only part of the surname, to which another word was added. This is how the surnames arose: Yamato (distortion of one letter from the Matara surname and cutting off part of the “ra”), Minamoto (distortion of two letters from the Matara surname and the addition of “min”).

In modern Japanese surnames these are already established distortions: Tsukamoto, Yamamoto, Matsumoto, Morimoto, etc. The origin of the syllabic combination “moto” has long been forgotten, but its modern translation is very close to the truth. The Japanese translate this word as "base". Indeed, the oldest surname in the world, Mata, which over time turned into “moto”, can be interpreted as the “foundation” - the basis, that is, the main one in the Empire. In the “proto-language” the syllabic combination Ma Ta is read as (Highest Mystery).

Let me remind you of the reading in the “proto-language” of all the mentioned dynasties of the Solntsev family:
Ra-Solntsev (pharaohs of the main family dynasty, ruled in Babylon - the capital of the Empire of Paradise);
Ma Ta Ra - the Supreme Mystery of the Solntsevs (the surname of the kings of the second in origin of the Raya dynasty, who ruled the region of the Raya Empire, presumably in modern Afghanistan);
Ka Ra - Killer of the Sun (the surname of the kings of the third dynasty of the Solntsev family, who ruled the midnight empire)
Ja Ra - Shining Sun (the surname of the kings of the fourth dynasty of Paradise, who ruled in ancient India, a region of the Empire of Paradise.
Tai Ra - Great Solntsev (the surname of the kings of the sixth in origin of the Raya dynasty, who ruled the region of the Raya Empire, presumably in the area of ​​​​modern China and Thailand).

An inquisitive reader may ask. Why don’t the emperors of Japan bear ancient surnames, but many of them are found among ordinary Japanese? The fact is that there is another ancient tradition of the empire. This is a tradition of assigning lifetime and posthumous names to emperors. It is still unknown when it arose, but it was this tradition, as I assume, that broke the system of direct transmission of surnames in the ancestral house of the Japanese emperors. For example, the current Emperor Akahito will be called Emperor Heisei after his death. The tradition of assigning lifetime and posthumous names to emperors significantly confused the ancient history of this dynasty.

The same situation arose in ancient Rus'. Russian “Grand Dukes” and tsars, due to the tradition of calling them by their first names and nicknames, are still unknown by their last names. Let's take for example Yaroslav the Wise, Vsevolod Chermny and Ivan the Terrible. Due to falsification of chronicles in the 12th century, these people are considered to be the Rurik dynasty. In fact, by their real surnames they are Yaroslav Ivan, Vsevolod Volk, Ivan Monomakh.

Conclusion

Although research into the ancient history of Japan has not yet been fully completed, and at the moment can only be considered as a new hypothesis, it can be said with a high degree of certainty that the Matara (Amatarasu) clan moved to Japan from the area of ​​​​modern Afghanistan or from the western part of India.

Representatives of the Matara (Amatarasu) clan, having lost the war to Chinese troops during the “Great Migration” (about 2000 years before the birth of Christ), fled in two directions: to Egypt and to Japan. Representatives of the Matara clan who fled to Egypt were destroyed there by the advancing Chinese troops. Related to the dynasty of the Matara emperors, the family of the Taira emperors moved to the islands of Japan from the areas of modern China and Thailand.

Both of these imperial families, fighting for power among themselves, also fought with China. During long wars (approximately 4000 years), political and biological pressure from the Chinese clan associations Han and Qin, Japan lost its written language and a large period of its ancient history. According to preliminary estimates, the two imperial families Amatarasu and Taira were formed 5000-6000 years BC. Moreover, the surname Amatarasu, which is a distortion of the ancient surname Matara, according to the secret writing of the “Old Testament”, is the oldest after the disappeared surname of the pharaohs Ra (Solntsevs), who were finally destroyed by the ancient Chinese of the Han clan in Egypt.

That is why the ancient name of Japan (IA PAN) contained a name that in the “proto-language” reads as “Land of the First Born”.

Part of the Matara dynasty that fled to Egypt was completely destroyed. But ancient drawings in the graves of the descendants of this dynasty depict a woman supposedly swallowing and giving birth to the sun - this is Matara. The ancient symbolism of the design was misinterpreted by Egyptological researchers. Her last name was also spelled incorrectly as Maat. In fact, here you need to put the letter “T” correctly, and it will turn out to be Mata. And the sun that she supposedly swallows and gives birth to is actually, on the one hand, part of her surname Ra and must be read in full Matara, on the other hand, the born sun shows that she is the founder or “foremother” of the Ra (Solntsev) dynasty.

Since the main dynasty of the pharaohs Ra and their relatives from the Matara clan, who fled to Egypt, died, then part of the Matara clan, from which the Japanese descended, can be considered older than the Egyptians.

REFERENCES:

1.Mendrin V.M. History of the shogunate in Japan: Nihon Gaishi: in 2 vols. / trans. from Japanese –T.2-M.; St. Petersburg: Russian State Bank: Summer Garden, 1999.-384 pp. (Eastern collection). ISBN 5-89740-035-0 Publishing house “Pashkov House”.

2.Secrets of ancient history / Alexander Tkachev. -M.: Veche, 2014.-320 p. ISBN 978-5-4444-2004-1

3. World history: The formation of Asian states / A.N. Badak, I.E. Voynich, N.M. Volchek and others - Mn.: Harvest m.: AST, 2000.-544 p. ISBN 985-433-787-1. T.5

: 120 000
Canada: 98 900
Peru: 90 000
Australia: 71 013
Great Britain: 63 017
Thailand: 45 805
Germany: 36 960
Argentina: 34 000
France: 30 947
The Republic of Korea : 28 320
Singapore: 23 000
Republic of China : 20 373
Micronesia: 20 000
Mexico: 20 000
Bolivia: 14 000
New Zealand: 13 447
Italy: 12 156
Indonesia: 11 263
Paraguay: 10 321
Chile: 10 000
Vietnam: 9468
Malaysia: 9142
Switzerland: 8499
New Caledonia: 8000
Spain: 7046
Netherlands: 6616
Belgium: 6519
Marshall Islands : 6000
Palau: 5000

Russia: 2000

Number and settlement

The population is 127 million people, in Japan itself - 123 million. The Japanese also live in the USA (1.2 million people), mainly in the state of California and the Hawaiian Islands, in Brazil (1.5 million people), in Canada (99 thousand people) and other countries of America, in Europe, Asia and Australia.

Language

Origin

The oldest name of the Japanese people recorded in ancient written Chinese monuments is Wa.

For a long time it was believed that the supposed ancestors of the Japanese, the so-called proto-Japanese (“Puyo”) tribes, in the 1st millennium BC. e. (and according to some information earlier) in separate groups moved to the Japanese archipelago from the Korean Peninsula. At the same time, the ancient indigenous population of Japan, the Ainu-Emisi (tribes of Caucasoid appearance and unknown origin) and the Austronesian tribes in the south, the Kumaso and Hayato, were gradually displaced and assimilated by the proto-Japanese tribes, whose language (belonging to the Altai language family) prevailed, having adopted elements of the Austronesian substrate. Presumably in the 4th century (exactly unknown), the first all-Japanese state appeared - Yamato.

However, available data do not confirm such massive migrations from the continent during this period. Although the very fact of the resettlement of individual Puyo and related tribes to the islands is undoubted, as is their cultural role, scattered across the islands and very limited in number at the first stage, they were simply lost among the autochthonous tribes (Austronesian and Ancient Ainu). So there is simply no talk of any mass assimilation during that period. Despite even the supposedly important role of these tribes in the formation of the ancient Japanese state of Yamato (Wa).

In 2011, a study by Sean Lee and Toshikazu Hasekawa reported that the common ancestor of Japanese languages ​​formed approximately 2,182 years ago.

A 2017 study from Ulsan University in South Korea provided evidence that the genetic ancestry of Koreans has more in common with peoples of southeast Asia. This study is supported by a Japanese study conducted in 1999, which supports the theory that the origin of the Yayoi people took place in southern China near the Yangtze River. This study also confirms the already generally accepted theory of the mixing of people of the Jomon and Yayoi eras.

The origins of the people of the Jomon and Yayoi eras have often been the subject of controversy, and a recent Japanese source has compiled a list of the following potential population groups of the Japanese archipelago:

• The indigenous people who settled in what is now Japan more than 10,000 years ago. (Without specifying where exactly, which means that all these groups of people living in the area from Hokkaido to Okinawa are considered aborigines.)
• Immigrants from the north (Japanese: 北方ルート) including the populations of the Korean Peninsula, mainland China, and Sakhalin Island.
• Immigrants from the South (Japanese: 南方ルート) including populations of the Pacific Islands, Southeast Asia, and possibly India.

As for the state, there is evidence that its formation dates back even to earlier periods. According to Japanese chronicles - by the 7th century BC. And its very name is presumably of local origin (Yamato/Yamatai from the language of the ancient Ainu). Moreover, at the first stage it was adjacent to other state entities and tribal unions. And in fact, only by the 6th century AD did it take possession of the most developed and densely populated part of the archipelago. The “barbarian” territories of southern Kyushu, northern Honshu and Hokkaido were absorbed and developed later and quite gradually.

One should also not confuse the modern Japanese Ainu with the ancient indigenous population of the Japanese islands. Although there is no doubt that culturally (especially in terms of language), and in many ways genetically, they are closer to the Ainoid proto-tribes of the Jomon era than the modern Japanese (the influence of the alien Mongoloid element is much stronger). But just like the Japanese themselves, they are a later derivative, having gone through an equally long evolution through a series of cultures, eras, ethnic and genetic changes and borrowings.

Apparently, the ancient tribes that inhabited the Japanese islands in the Jomon era, and consisted mainly of Ainoids (tribes of Australoid-Caucasian appearance and unknown origin) and to a lesser extent Austronesians, were a mixture of genotype and cultures. At the same time, individual tribes of new newcomers from the continent scattered across the islands (mainly “Buyo” (proto-Japanese-Korean) and related tribes belonging to the East Asian branch of the Mongoloid race) were for a long time in an obvious minority, lost among the indigenous tribes. It seems quite clear that the newcomers had a significant cultural impact, contributing to the spread of irrigated agriculture and the emergence of a new type of culture (which became widespread during the Yayoi Period). But even at the stage of formation of the first state formations on the Japanese Islands, this role was more cultural than actually assimilation. It was simply not possible for them to displace or immediately assimilate the indigenous population due to their small numbers (even in later times, right up to the Middle Ages, most of the Japanese islands (all northern territories) were still inhabited predominantly by Ainu tribes). The process of mutual assimilation was very gradual and lengthy and was finally completed throughout the entire territory of the Japanese Islands only in the 19th - first half of the 20th centuries [ ] . Only with the development of the ancient Japanese state, with the increase in the number and spread of Puyo and related tribes on the islands, with the intensification of Chinese migration from the continent, with the intensification of the mixing of Mongoloid, Ainoid and Austronesian racial types, was this new element able to have not only a significant cultural but also racial influence on the indigenous population of the Japanese islands, which gradually formed the modern mixed genotype and ethnic group of the Japanese.

The development of Japanese culture was greatly influenced by China, as well as Korea, through which the main cultural Chinese influence came. And, indirectly, India.

The rulers of Japan and the spiritual leaders of the nation in all historical times were emperors (mikado), who continuously led their family lineage for 124 generations, starting from the 7th century BC (the time of the first legendary emperor and the founding of the Japanese state according to Japanese chronicles). They were deified, considered the descendants of the sun goddess Amaterasu. In 1192, feudal lords seized power. And the emperors became only a purely sacred, nominal figure who reigns but does not rule. The real power belonged to the shogun, the military ruler of the country. This period lasted until 1868, when, as a result of the overthrow of the shogunate, the power of the emperor was restored, which led to serious political and economic changes known as the Meiji Revolution. It was only after the surrender of the Empire of Japan in 1945 and the adoption of a new constitution that imperial power was transferred to parliament and government, transforming into a modern constitutional monarchy.

The dynasty of the Japanese emperors is the oldest surviving royal dynasty on Earth today. In the period from 1989 to 2019, Emperor Akihito was the “symbol of the state and the unity of the people.” On April 30, 2019, he voluntarily left the throne and retired, passing the throne to his eldest son, Crown Prince Naruhito.

Despite the relatively high cultural integrity of the modern Japanese ethnos, within its framework there are still separate ethnic groups, with their own customs and dialects required for each locality. There is also a people related to the Japanese - the Ryukyuan people. In the Middle Ages, the Ryukyusans had their own statehood, which was formally abolished only in 1879. They now make up 99 percent of the inhabitants of Okinawa Prefecture, also predominant in the Amami Islands.

A specific phenomenon is "eta", officially called "tokushu burakumin" ("residents of special villages"). These are the descendants of people in “unclean” professions, often associated with death - slaughtering livestock, tanning leather, scavengers, etc. Anthropologically, they are no different from the rest of the Japanese, officially they have all civil rights, but in everyday life their discrimination persists.

The completely independent ethnic Ainu people, not related to the Japanese, had their own racial and cultural characteristics, their own language, displaced from Honshu, but still inhabiting Hokkaido and the northern islands in the 19th century, and were finally assimilated by the Japanese in the first half of the 20th century. Anthropologically, the Ainu go back to the Ainoid proto-tribes of the Jomon era, and later to the Emishi tribes, assimilated by the Japanese in the Middle Ages on Honshu, but who left a huge mark on their genotype, language and culture.

Life, customs, culture

Popular crafts include making dolls from wood or paper, weaving baskets, vases, and fans. Characterized by unique types of art: making paper figures (origami), arranging flower bouquets (ikebana).

In the visual arts, the Japanese have achieved great mastery in engraving (classical Japanese engraving).

The national clothing of the Japanese is called