Sofya Semyonovna Marmeladova (Sonya) is a character in Dostoevsky’s novel Crime and Punishment. For the first time we meet her in absentia, during a conversation between the girl’s father and Raskolnikov.
The action takes place in a tavern. Then, a few days later, Rodion meets her drunk. Not knowing that this is Sonya, he already wants to help her. What kind of spiritual appearance can we talk about? As in other works of the author, not everything is so simple. Her life is confused and full of tragedy. But, before moving on to the topic of Sonya Marmeladova’s spiritual feat, it is worth paying attention to her family.
Family of Sonya Marmeladova
Sonya was left without a mother early. Perhaps this played a role main role in her destiny. At the time of their acquaintance, she lives with her father (Semyon Zakharovich), stepmother (Katerina Ivanovna) and her three children left over from her first marriage.
Father of Sonya Marmeladova
Sonya's father, Semyon Zakharovich Marmeladov, was once a respected man, a titular adviser. Now he is an ordinary alcoholic who is unable to provide for his family. The Marmeladovs are on the verge. From day to day they risk being left not only without a piece of bread, but also without a roof over their heads. The landlady of the room the family rents continually threatens to throw them out onto the street. Sonya feels responsible for her father, because he took out all the valuables, even his wife’s clothes. Unable to watch what is happening, she decides to take care of the family herself. And he chooses not the most worthy profession for this. But the word “chooses” does not quite fit this situation. Did she have a choice? Most likely no! This is what spirituality is all about. feat of Sonya Marmeladova. Having a merciful character, she takes pity on her father. In my own way. Not realizing that he is the cause of all her troubles, she gives him money for vodka.
Stepmother Katerina Ivanovna
Sonya's stepmother is only 30 years old. What made her marry fifty-year-old Marmeladov? Nothing more than a miserable situation. Marmeladov himself admits that he is not a match for such a proud and educated woman. He found her in such distress that he simply could not help but feel sorry for her. Being an officer's daughter, she also did spiritual feat, agreeing to marry Marmeladov in the name of saving their children. Her relatives abandoned her and did not provide any help. described in the best possible way the life of the poorest segments of the Russian population of those times: what difficulties they faced, what they had to endure, etc. Katerina Ivanovna – a woman with higher education. She has extreme intelligence and a lively character. There are traces of pride in her. It was she who pushed Sonya to become a girl of easy virtue. But Dostoevsky finds justification for this too. Like any other mother, she is unable to bear the crying of hungry children. One phrase spoken in the heat of the moment becomes fatal in the fate of her stepdaughter. Katerina Ivanovna herself could not even think that Sonya would take her words seriously. But when the girl returned home with the money and lay down on the bed, covering herself with a scarf, Katerina Ivanovna kneels in front of her and kisses her feet. She cries bitterly, asking forgiveness for her stepdaughter's fall. Of course, the reader may wonder: why didn’t she take this path herself? Not so simple. Katerina Ivanovna is sick with tuberculosis. Consumption, as they called him at that time. Every day she gets worse and worse. But she continues to carry out her duties around the house - cooking, cleaning and washing all members of her family. At that time, her stepdaughter was 18 years old. Katerina Ivanovna understood the sacrifice she had to make for the sake of people completely strangers to her. Can this act be called a spiritual feat of Sonya Marmeladova? Of course yes. The stepmother did not allow anyone to speak badly about her; she appreciated her help.
Children of Katerina Ivanovna
As for Katerina Ivanovna’s children, there were three of them. The first is Polya, 10 years old, the second is Kolya, 7 years old, and the third is Lida, 6 years old. Katerina Ivanovna is a woman with a difficult character. She is lively and emotional. Sonya has suffered from her more than once, but she continues to respect her. Sonya perceives Katerina Ivanovna’s children not as step-brothers, but as her own, blood-related brothers and sisters. They love her no less. And this can also be called the spiritual feat of Sonya Marmeladova. Katerina Ivanovna treats everyone with great severity. She cannot stand crying, even if the children cry from hunger. In a conversation with Raskolnikov, Marmeladov mentions that they, poor children, also suffer greatly from their mother. Raskolnikov himself becomes convinced of this when he accidentally ends up in their house. A frightened girl is standing in the corner, a little boy is crying his eyes out as if he had just been severely beaten, and the third child is sleeping right on the floor.
Sonya Marmeladova has a cute appearance. She is thin, blonde-haired and blue-eyed. Raskolnikov finds her completely transparent. Sonya wore two types of clothes. For an unworthy profession, she always wore her indecent dress. However, these were the same rags. It was a multi-colored dress with a long and ridiculous tail. A huge crinoline blocked the entire passage. The straw hat was decorated with a brightly fiery feather. There were light-colored shoes on his feet. It's hard to imagine a more ridiculous image. She was humiliated and broken and ashamed of her appearance. In ordinary life, Sonya dressed modestly, in clothes that did not attract attention to herself.
Sonya Marmeladova's room
In order to evaluate spiritual feat Sonya Marmeladova, it’s worth checking out her room. Room... This word is too majestic for the room in which she lived. It was a barn, a wretched barn with crooked walls. Three windows overlooked the ditch. There was almost no furniture in it. The few interior items include a bed, a chair and a table covered with a blue tablecloth. Two wicker chairs, a simple chest of drawers... That's all there was in the room. The yellowed wallpaper indicated that in winter the room became damp and uncomfortable. The author emphasizes that the beds did not even have curtains. Sonya was forced to move here after taking an unrighteous path. It was indecent to live with the family, since everyone shamed them for it and demanded that the owner of the house immediately evict the Marmeladovs.
What unites Sonya Marmeladova and Raskolnikov
Rodion Raskolnikov and Sonya Marmeladova are the two main characters of the work “Crime and Punishment”. They have one thing in common - violation of God's laws. These are two kindred spirits. She cannot leave him alone and goes to hard labor after him. This is another spiritual feat of Sonya Marmeladova. Raskolnikov himself involuntarily associates Sonya with his sister, who decides to marry an elderly gentleman in the name of saving her brother. Throughout the work, women's readiness to sacrifice themselves can be traced. At the same time, the author tries to emphasize the spiritual failure of men. One is a drunkard, the other is a criminal, the third is overly greedy.
What exactly is the spiritual feat of Sonya Marmeladova?
Compared to the other characters in Dostoevsky's work, Sonya is the embodiment of self-sacrifice. Raskolnikov, in the name of justice, does not notice anything happening around him. Luzhin is trying to embody the idea of capitalist predation.
Why did Sonya Marmeladova decide on a spiritual feat and engage in prostitution? There are many answers. First of all, in order to save Katerina Ivanovna’s children dying of hunger. Just think about it! What a sense of responsibility a person must have towards complete strangers in order to decide on this! The second is a feeling of guilt for one’s own father. Could she have done things differently? Hardly. Throughout history, no one has heard words of condemnation from her. She never asks for more. Every day, watching how children suffer from hunger, seeing that they do not have the most necessary clothes, Sonya understands that this is a common dead end.
Spiritual feat Marmeladova's dream lies in her willingness to sacrifice herself. Her image and moral considerations are close to the people, so the author does not condemn her in the eyes of the reader, but tries to evoke sympathy and compassion. She is endowed with such traits as humility and forgiveness. But it is the main character who saves the soul of that same Raskolnikov and those who were in hard labor with him.
Sonya Marmeladova is a wonderful combination of Faith, Hope and Love. She does not condemn anyone for their sins and does not call on them to atone for them. This is the brightest image! The spiritual feat of Sonya Marmeladova lies in the fact that she managed to preserve a pure soul. Despite the prosperity of shame, meanness, deception and malice.
She deserves the highest human appreciation. He himself calls the couple Sonya and Raskolnikov nothing other than a harlot and a murderer. After all, this is exactly what they look like in the eyes of rich people. He awakens them to new life. They are resurrected by eternal love.
© Vsevolod Sakharov. All rights reserved.
Sonya Marmeladova is one of the main characters in the masterpiece of Russian classics, the novel by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky called “Crime and Punishment”.
The girl lives on a “yellow ticket”; she is forced to sell her body to help her family. Her father, Semyon Zakharovich Marmeladov, previously held a decent position, but now he has reached the brink of poverty and started drinking. The stepmother, Ekaterina Ivanovna, suffers from consumption and oppresses Sonechka in every possible way. In order to somehow provide for her parents and their younger children, Sonya decides to do something base in her understanding: she becomes a public woman. Her family is starving, so Marmeladova oversteps herself and violates her moral principles.
The girl is eighteen years old, she has a feminine, slender figure, blond hair, a small nose, chin and clear Blue eyes. Sonya is short and has a pretty, pretty face.
The people around the girl understand her difficult situation and do not blame Sonya. To some extent, her actions are noble and deserve respect, because Marmeladova does not spend the money she earns on herself, but gives it to her loved ones and helps other people for free.
Despite her occupation, Marmeladova is a very kind, sincere and naive person. She is often unfairly offended, but she is a very soft person and is not able to fight back, because she has a very timid character. Sonechka is very religious, and also human life she considers it the highest value. The girl is capable of self-sacrifice, because she is forced to endure terrible shame for the well-being of her loved ones. She tries to appear at home as little as possible, because she is ashamed of her way of earning money. Sonya comes only to give money to her father or stepmother.
She did not agree with Rodion Raskolnikov’s theory that people should be divided into “trembling creatures” and “those who have the right.” Sonya believes that everyone is equal, no one has the right to judge anyone or take someone else’s life. The girl sincerely believes in God, so she thinks that only he can evaluate human actions.
In the image of Sonya Marmeladova, Dostoevsky embodies his understanding of the ideas of humanism, human compassion and nobility. In her person, the author created the antipode of the main character, Rodion Raskolnikov. Sonya evokes sympathy and understanding among readers, and also, using her example, Dostoevsky shows truly valuable human qualities.
Essay about Sonya Marmeladova
Among all the characters in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment,” Sonya Marmeladova is one of the key characters. This heroine makes the reader think about the most necessary qualities for a person: mercy, self-sacrifice, sincere faith in God.
Sonya Marmeladova is a young girl of eighteen years old, slender, with blond hair. Her father is a former official who became a godless drunk after being fired. His constant drunkenness drove him to the point that he took all the valuables and clothes of his wife, stepmother Sonya, out of the house to pay his debts. In order for Sonya and her family not to be kicked out of the room they rented, she sacrifices her innocence and, as a true believer in God, commits a grave sin. Despite the fact that such an act greatly undermined the heroine’s spirit, she does not blame her father or stepmother, Katerina Ivanovna, for this, who literally forced her to go with a yellow ticket. Instead, she finds the strength to accept her fate. She understands the importance of the act, because it was not done for her, but so that the family would not starve in poverty. This act does not pass without a trace for Sonya Marmeladova. She feels inferior to other women and cannot even sit down in the company of Rodion Raskolnikov’s sister. In this novel, the reader sees Sonya as a true believer and preacher of Christianity. The basis of her actions is nothing but love for her neighbors and relatives: she gives her father money for drinks because of her love for him, her love helped Raskolnikov cleanse his soul in their joint hard labor.
Sonya Marmeladova in this novel acts as a contrast to the image of Radion Raskolnikov, his theory. For the heroine, all people are equal, and no one has the right to take the life of another. She went with Rodion to hard labor, where she hoped not only to help him atone for his sins, but also to atone for her own. Thanks to the heroine’s love for everything around her, the convicts fell in love with Sonya, and Raskolnikov found the strength to repent of his sins and began new life from scratch.
Through the image of Sonya Marmeladova Fedor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky shows readers his thoughts and beliefs related to justice and love for people.
Option 3
This gentle and very fragile girl evokes deep sympathy in the reader, her difficult fate makes the heart clench. A very young girl, Sonechka, was forced to become a slave of circumstances, sent by her own family to the panel, she humbly accepts her fate. This petite girl with deep and clear gases is too timid and God-fearing. But her devotion to her family is so strong that she steps over herself and her beliefs in order to help the family cope with financial difficulties.
Despite the fact that the main character is not exactly Sonya Marmeladova, the novel clearly shows the tender attitude of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky towards this character tormented by fate. He keeps returning to this very young and so vulnerable person who is forced to bear her cross.
Sonya does not expect gratitude and applause in return for her decision, her devotion to her father knows no bounds, Marmeladov, in turn, also loves his daughter very much, but a painful craving for alcohol has made him a weak-willed slave. He wanders aimlessly through the streets and taverns, clouding his consciousness over and over again, squeezing in this way a feeling of guilt for his own helplessness.
The fragile Sonechka, in turn, is very ashamed to visit her father’s house, despite the fact that she did not commit this sin, only for the sake of her family, she comes only to give money to her stepmother, which she gets through unbearable mental torment.
One gets the impression that Sonya is completely incapable of thinking about herself; all her actions are aimed at caring for her neighbors. She believes that there are no people better than her and no worse, because before God everyone is equal, all his children.
The only thing that confuses this puny girl with a baby face is that Raskolnikov, after his confession, tried to hide his guilt. But, according to Marmeladova, there is no crime more terrible, she does not condemn young man, but still considers it terrible to try to circumvent the punishment.
After Rodion confessed to his actions and answered before the law. Sonya was the only one who did not turn away from him and continued to visit Raskolnikov in places not so remote. Despite the fact that Rodion did not greet the girl very warmly in the first couple of days, she continued to visit the young man. Which once again proves that there is no limit to her mercy.
There is something connecting between the young people, they both crossed the line, they both jumped off a cliff and nothing can be brought back, but still there is a significant difference, Rodion neglected someone else’s life, and Sonya sacrificed her own. Both undoubtedly had good goals, but there is still a line of what is permissible.
Essay 4
Sonya Marmeladova - chief female image novel by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”.
The reader first learns about Sonya from the story of her father, Semyon Marmeladov, about his life to Rodion Raskolnikov: “my only begotten daughter.” The head of the Marmeladov family talks about Sonya’s feat: for the well-being of the family, an eighteen-year-old girl goes to the panel, because she has no other way to earn money. This is considered a feat, because Sonya overcomes the fear of humiliation, morality, she does not think about herself, but cares about her loved ones.
This act will affect Sonya’s future life, because now she is the owner of a “yellow ticket”, a document that replaces a passport and gives the right to work as a “night butterfly”. It was difficult to get my passport back, and with a yellow ticket you could only engage in prostitution, which meant that Sonya Marmeladova could not get any work.
Knowing what Sonya was doing, those around her bullied her and disdained to be in the same room with her (example: Amalia Fedorovna, who kicked Sonya out of the room rented to the Marmeladovs).
The girl's full name, Sofia, comes from Greece. In Greek it means "wisdom." Indeed, Sonya Marmeladova is a wise girl. Any of her actions is justified. This is sometimes not noticeable under the naivety and some curiosity inherent in Sonya due to her age.
Sonya's appearance makes it clear to the reader that the girl's soul is filled with light, despite all the circumstances of her life. Sonya Marmeladova has a “meek voice,” “a pale, thin face.” She is “blond,” “short, blonde, with wonderful blue eyes.” The girl has a “shameful look” and doesn’t give a damn about moral values and ideals.
We see this in the scene with Raskolnikov’s confession. She, sympathizing with him, is still convinced that everyone has the right to live, no matter what he has done and who he is. Crime is an unaffordable luxury for anyone who tries to achieve happiness for themselves or others in this way. Sonya is an understanding, loving, devoted girl - she goes to Siberia after Rodion. Sonya was ready to wait for her lover's return. She is the moral ideal of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky, a heroine who expresses the author’s opinion.
We sympathize with Sonya and at the same time understand that she is on the right path and the right way moves forward. She also instructs the main character of the novel, Rodion Raskolnikov, on this path.
Option 5
One of the masterpieces of Russian literature is the work of F. M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”. And one of the most striking characters is Sonya Marmeladova. The author presents the reader with the image of an eighteen-year-old girl, with beautiful posture and snow-white hair. Her delicate and feminine nature is subject to strong life experiences, due to tragic fate heroines.
Sonya lives in a family in which her father does not work and abuses alcohol, she does not have a mother, she only has a stepmother. This woman is sick, there are many children in the family, the children have nothing to eat. Therefore, Sonya decides to work as a corrupt woman in order to earn at least some money for her family.
This decision was forced, it completely contradicts the character and worldview of the heroine; she made this sacrifice for the sake of her family. Therefore, she is very worried about her work, she is never at home, brings money to her father and goes back to work.
But this low occupation did not break Sonya, she believes in people, in God and helps Raskolnikov. Raskolnikov divides people into two classes, some, in his opinion, should rule the world, and the second are simply trembling creatures who do not need to be respected.
Sonya does not share this opinion; she tells Rodion that all people are equal before God and only the Lord God can judge people. All people are equal before God and society, which is why she is ready to atone for her guilt and set Raskolnikov on the true path.
The author uses an example main character the novel “Crime and Punishment” shows readers what good traits of human character there are. It is Sonya Marmeladova, who has such an anti-moral profession, who has high spiritual qualities.
Throughout the entire novel, she tells Raskolnikov about the meaning of life and how to atone for one’s guilt, before people and before God. It is thanks to Sonya and her love for him that Raskolnikov endures long years hard labor and sincerely repents of his actions.
This repentance gives relief to his soul, he can move on and love Sonya. Thanks to Sonya's constant support, Raskolnikov began a new life. He repented of his crime and completely changed his attitude towards life and people.
Sonya Marmeladova is exactly the hero of the work who can help not only herself, but also everyone around her to gain a path to salvation through faith in God and all-consuming love for people. She communicated with Raskolnikov so sincerely that he was able to become a little kinder and easier to look at life.
Sonya herself suffered from mental anguish, because she could not forgive herself for having to work in a brothel. But thanks to her faith in God and strong spirit, Sonya endured all these torments and took the true path. And she helped not only herself, but also Raskolnikov, to become better than he really is.
Sonechka Marmeladova
Dostoevsky's works always had much more in them than just an interesting plot and colorful characters. In his works, the author often touched upon social themes and ideas, thereby reflecting on them in his works together with the reader. He showed simple everyday problems in beautiful literary language, metaphors, and aphorisms, which also played an important role in the development of both his career and all literature in general. For all my creative path he wrote many worthy works, but the most striking example of the above is his landmark work for literature - “Crime and Punishment”.
In his work “Crime and Punishment,” Dostoevsky tells the tragic story of the formation of common man into a robber, murderer, and simply a greedy person. Also in the work we can see many different characters with their own unique, not similar friend at each other, in images. One of these characters is Sonya Marmeladova.
Sonya Marmeladov is a young girl who, due to very unpleasant circumstances, has to work in even more unpleasant places in order to feed herself and her family. The author shows her image as that of a selfless girl who is ready to do anything to help her family. Showing her as a girl who, by the will of fate, is obliged to overcome herself to work in such disgusting places, the author introduces a new thought and theme into the work - the theme of overcoming one’s desires in the name of the common good.
By nature, Sonya is quite modest, and even naive, but this naivety mainly bribes her clients, forcing them to pay attention to her, and this happens, most likely, out of pity. One way or another, the author created a fairly memorable image in the work, which conveys his thoughts and themes that he would like to transfer into his work, so that the reader could reflect with him on this topic, and, of course, come to a possible solution to the problem.
I believe that it is these traits that prevail in the image of Sonya Marmeladova in the work “Crime and Punishment”.
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Essay on literature on the topic “Crime and Punishment”: Sonya Marmeladova (with quotes). The truth and spiritual feat of Sonya Marmeladova. My attitude towards the heroine
"Crime and Punishment" is the most famous novel Fyodor Dostoevsky, both in Russia and abroad. The writer managed to capture the subtle organization human soul, reveal it and see the reasons that prompt a person to perform certain actions.
The image of Sonechka Marmeladova in the novel is the embodiment of spiritual purity and kindness. The reader learns about her from the words of her father Semyon Marmeladov, who has long lost faith in improving his situation and in his own correction. He is a former titular councilor who has deprived himself of benefits and human respect, and has descended into poverty and daily drinking. He has children and a wife who is stricken with a terrible disease - consumption. Marmeladov speaks of Sonechka with all his father’s warmth, gratitude and simple human pity. Sonya is his only natural daughter, who meekly endures oppression from her stepmother, and in the end decides to take a desperate step - she becomes a public woman in order to somehow provide for the needs of the family.
This is how the author draws Sonya Marmeladova: “It was a thin, very thin and pale face, rather irregular, somehow pointy, with a pointy small nose and chin. She couldn’t even be called pretty, but her blue eyes were so clear, and when they came to life, the expression on her face became so kind and simple-minded that you involuntarily attracted people to her.” The difficult fate of Sonya Marmeladova was reflected in her sad appearance.
At the beginning of the story, the reader has sincere sympathy for the girl, whose fate consisted of suffering and humiliation. Sonya put her body up for sale, this act covered her with shame in the eyes of noble and prosperous people who saw her only as a street woman. But only relatives and friends knew the real Sonya Marmeladova, and after that Rodion Raskolnikov recognizes her, main character novel. And now not only a humiliated and poor girl appears before the readers, but a strong and persistent soul. A soul that, under the pressure of circumstances, has not lost faith in people and in life. The role of Sonya Marmeladova in Raskolnikov’s fate is very important: it was she who pushed him to repentance and awareness of his guilt. Together with her he comes to God.
Sonya loves and pities her father, and does not hold a grudge against her sick stepmother, because she understands that they are all unhappy, just like herself. The girl does not condemn Raskolnikov for his crime, but asks him to turn to God and repent. Small and timid Sonya did not instill in her heart hatred for the world that treated her so cruelly. She may be offended, insulted, because the heroine of the novel is a modest and unrequited girl, it is difficult for her to stand up for herself. But she finds the strength to live on, sympathize and help others, without demanding anything in return, without losing humanity and kindness.
The source of Sonya's spiritual fortitude lies in her ardent and sincere faith in God. Faith did not leave the heroine throughout the entire novel; she instilled strength in the unfortunate soul to meet a new day. The spiritual feat of Sonya Marmeladova lies in self-denial for the sake of her family. It is very symbolic that for the first time she sells herself for 30 rubles, the same number of pieces of silver that Judas received when he sold Christ. Like the Son of God, the heroine sacrificed herself for the sake of people. The motive of Sonya's self-sacrifice permeates the entire novel.
Instead of challenging and entering into a struggle with her miserable existence, responding to all those who trampled and humiliated, collecting all the grievances that had been concealed in her heart for so long, Sonya Marmeladova chose a different path. The path that God himself laid out is honesty, kindness, compassion and love. That is why Raskolnikov chose her to pour out his mental anguish, imbued with true respect for her. After all, a small and seemingly weak person is capable of great and noble deeds. The significance of the image of Sonya Marmeladova is that by her example she showed Rodion how to save humanity without ritual murders: with strong and devoted love to the point of self-denial.
Interesting? Save it on your wall!From the lips of Marmeladov in the “tavern” in the scene of their acquaintance: “In the meantime, my daughter, from her first marriage, also grew up, and what she, my daughter, only endured from her stepmother, growing up, I am keeping silent about. For although Katerina Ivanovna is filled with generous feelings, the lady is hot and irritated, and will snap... Yes, sir! Well, there’s no need to remember that! As you can imagine, Sonya did not receive any education. I tried with her about four years ago, geography and world history pass; but since I myself was not strong in this knowledge, and there were no suitable guides for this, because what books there were... hm!.. well, they are no longer there, these books, then that was the end of all the training. They stopped at Cyrus the Persian. Then, having already reached adulthood, she read several books of romance content, and recently, through Mr. Lebezyatnikov, one book - “Physiology” by Lewis, if you please, sir? — she read it with great interest and even told us out loud fragmentarily: that was all her enlightenment. Now I will turn to you, my dear sir, on my own behalf with a private question: how much, in your opinion, can a poor but honest girl earn by honest labor?.. Fifteen kopecks a day, sir, will not earn if she is honest and not has special talents, and even then he worked tirelessly! And even then, State Councilor Klopstock, Ivan Ivanovich, did you deign to hear? - not only has he still not given the money for sewing half a dozen Dutch shirts, but he even drove her away with offense, stomping his feet and calling her indecently, under the pretense that the shirt collar was not sewn to measure and was a jamb. And here the kids are hungry... And here Katerina Ivanovna, wringing her hands, walks around the room, and red spots appear on her cheeks - which always happens in this illness: “You live, they say, you parasite, with us, eat and you drink and take advantage of the warmth,” and what are you drinking and eating when even the kids haven’t seen the crust for three days! I was lying then... well, so what! I was lying drunk, sir, and I heard my Sonya say (she is unresponsive, and she has such a meek voice... blond, her face is always pale, thin), saying: “Well, Katerina Ivanovna, should I really do such a thing? " And Daria Frantsevna, a malicious woman and well known to the police many times, visited three times through the landlady. “Well,” Katerina Ivanovna answers, laughing, “what should we take care of? Eco treasure!”<...>And I see, at about six o’clock, Sonechka got up, put on a scarf, put on a burnusik and left the apartment, and at nine o’clock she came back. She came straight to Katerina Ivanovna, and silently laid out thirty rubles on the table in front of her. She didn’t utter a word, not even look at it, but only took our large green draded shawl (we have a common shawl like this, a draded damask one), covered her head and face with it and lay down on the bed, facing the wall, just her shoulders and her whole body shudder... And I, like just now, lay in the same state, sir... And I saw then, young man, I saw how then Katerina Ivanovna, also without saying a word, came up to Sonechka’s bed and spent the whole evening I stood at her feet on my knees, kissed her feet, didn’t want to get up, and then they both fell asleep together, hugging... both... both... yes, sir... and I... lay there drunk- With.<...>from then on, my daughter, Sofya Semyonovna, was forced to receive a yellow ticket, and on this occasion she could no longer stay with us.<...>And Sonechka now comes to us at dusk, and relieves Katerina Ivanovna, and delivers the means possible. He lives in the apartment of the tailor Kapernaumov, rents an apartment from them...”
The portrait of Sonya (like the portraits of the other main characters of the novel - Raskolnikov and) is given several times. At first, Sonya appears (in the scene of Marmeladov’s death) in her “professional” appearance - a street prostitute: “From the crowd, silently and timidly, a girl pushed her way, and her sudden appearance in this room, among poverty, rags, death and despair, was strange. She was also in rags; Her outfit was a penny one, but decorated in a street style, according to the tastes and rules that had developed in her own special world, with a brightly and shamefully prominent purpose. Sonya stopped in the entryway at the very threshold, but did not cross the threshold and looked as if lost, not seeming to realize anything, forgetting about her silk dress, bought fourth-hand, indecent here, with a long and funny tail, and an enormous crinoline , blocking the entire door, and about light-colored shoes, and about an ombre, unnecessary at night, but which she took with her, and about a funny round straw hat with a bright, fiery-colored feather. From under this boyishly askew hat peeked out a thin, pale and frightened face with an open mouth and eyes motionless in horror. Sonya was short, about eighteen years old, thin, but quite pretty blonde, with wonderful blue eyes. She looked intently at the bed, at the priest; she, too, was out of breath from the rapid walking...”
Then Sonya appears, so to speak, in her true appearance in Raskolnikov’s room just at the moment when his mother, sister, and are with him: “Raskolnikov did not recognize her at first sight.<...>Now it was a modestly and even poorly dressed girl, still very young, almost like a girl, with a modest and decent manner, with a clear, but seemingly somewhat frightened face. She was wearing a very simple house dress, and on her head was an old hat of the same style; only in his hands was, as yesterday, an umbrella. Seeing an unexpectedly full room of people, she was not only embarrassed, but completely lost, timid, like a small child, and even made a move to walk back...”
And finally, another portrait of Sonya before the reading scene and, practically, again through the eyes of Raskolnikov: “With a new, strange, almost painful, feeling, he peered into this pale, thin and irregular angular face, into these gentle blue eyes that could sparkle with such fire, with such a harsh energetic feeling, into this small body, still trembling with indignation and anger, and all this seemed to him more and more strange, almost impossible. "Holy fool! Holy fool!" - he repeated to himself...”
It was no accident that fate brought Raskolnikov and Sonya together: he seemingly committed suicide, breaking the gospel commandment “thou shalt not kill,” and she ruined herself in the same way, breaking the commandment “thou shalt not commit adultery.” However, the difference is that Sonya sacrificed herself for the sake of others, to save her loved ones, while for Rodion, the “idea of Napoleonism”, the test of overcoming oneself, was in the first place. Faith in God never left Sonya. His confession to Sonya of his crime, and then the scene shared reading with Sonya, the Gospel parable about the resurrection of Lazarus is one of the key ones in the novel: “The candle end had long gone out in the crooked candlestick, dimly illuminating in this beggarly room a murderer and a harlot, strangely gathered together to read the eternal book...”
Already in Siberia, having arrived there after Raskolnikov, Sonya, with her selfless love, meekness, and affection, thaws his heart, revives Raskolnikov to life: “How this happened, he himself did not know, but suddenly something seemed to grab him and, as it were, thrown at her feet. He cried and hugged her knees. At the first moment she was terribly frightened, and her whole face turned pale. She jumped up from her seat and, trembling, looked at him. But immediately, in that very moment, she understood everything. Infinite happiness shone in her eyes; she understood, and there was no longer any doubt for her that he loved, loved her endlessly, and that this moment had finally come...<...>There were tears in their eyes. They were both pale and thin; but in these sick and pale faces the dawn of a renewed future, a complete resurrection into a new life, was already shining. They were resurrected by love, the heart of one contained endless sources of life for the heart of the other. They decided to wait and be patient. They still had seven years left; and until then there is so much unbearable torment and so much endless happiness! But he was resurrected, and he knew it, he felt it with his entire being renewed, and she - after all, she lived only his life!..”
The “forerunner” of Sonya Marmeladova was
Sonechka Marmeladova is a character in the novel “Crime and Punishment” by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky. The book was written after hard labor. Therefore, it clearly shows a religious connotation of the author’s beliefs. He seeks the truth, exposes the injustice of the world, dreams of the happiness of humanity, but at the same time does not believe that the world can be remade by force. Dostoevsky is convinced that evil cannot be avoided under any social system as long as evil exists in the souls of people. Fyodor Mikhailovich rejected the revolution as a transformer of society; he turned towards religion, trying to solve exclusively the issue of improving the morality of each individual person. It is these ideas that the heroine Sonechka Marmeladova reflects in the novel.
Characteristics of the hero
The two main characters of the novel - Sonya Marmeladova and Rodion Raskolnikov - move through the plot like countercurrents. The ideological part of the work is presented to the reader through their worldview. Through Sonechka, Dostoevsky showed his moral ideal, which brings faith and love, hope and understanding, and warmth. According to the author, this is exactly how all people should be. Through Sonya, Fyodor Mikhailovich says that everyone, regardless of their position in society, has the right to live and be happy. The heroine is convinced that it is impossible to achieve happiness, both one’s own and that of others, through criminal means, and sin in any case remains a sin, in the name of whom or whatever it was committed.
If the image of Raskolnikov is rebellion, then Sonechka Marmeladova in the novel “Crime and Punishment” personifies humility. They are two opposite poles that cannot exist one without the other. However, literary scholars are still arguing about the deep meaning of this rebellion and humility.
Inner world
Sonechka Marmeladova deeply believes in God and has high moral qualities. She sees the deepest meaning in life and does not understand her antagonist’s ideas about the meaninglessness of existence, believing that behind every event there is a predestination from God. Sonya is sure that a person cannot influence anything, and his main task is to show humility and love. For her, things like empathy and compassion are both the meaning of life and great strength.
Raskolnikov judges the world only from the position of reason, with rebellious fervor. He does not want to come to terms with injustice. This becomes the cause of his mental anguish and crime. Sonechka Marmeladova in Dostoevsky’s novel also oversteps herself, but not in the same way as Rodion. She does not want to destroy other people and cause them suffering, but sacrifices herself. This reflects the writer’s idea that what should be more important for a person is not selfish personal happiness, but suffering for the benefit of others. This is the only way, in his opinion, to achieve true happiness.
Moral of the storyline
Sonechka Marmeladova, characteristics and inner world which are so carefully worked out in the novel, reflects the author’s idea that everyone should be aware of responsibility not only for their actions, but also for all the evil happening in the world. Sonya feels guilty for the crime Raskolnikov committed, so she takes everything to heart and tries to revive it with her compassion. Sonya shares Rodion's fate after he reveals his secret to her.
In the novel, this happens symbolically: when Sonya reads him the scene of the resurrection of Lazarus from the New Testament, the man correlates the plot with his own life, and then, coming to her the next time, he himself talks about what he did and tries to explain the reasons, after which he asks for her help. Sonya mentors Rodion. She calls on him to go to the square to repent of his crime before the people. The author himself here reflects the idea of bringing the criminal to suffering so that through him he can atone for his guilt.
Moral qualities
Sonya Marmeladova in the novel embodies the best that can be in a person: faith, love, chastity, willingness to sacrifice oneself. She had to engage in prostitution, but, surrounded by vice, she kept her soul pure and continued to believe in people and in the fact that happiness is achieved only at the cost of suffering. Sonya, like Raskolnikov, who transgressed the gospel commandments, nevertheless condemns Rodion for his contempt for people and does not share his rebellious sentiments.
The author tried to reflect through it the whole essence of the people's origin and the Russian soul, to show natural humility and patience, love for one's neighbor and God. The worldviews of the two heroes of the novel are opposed to each other and, constantly colliding, show the contradictions in Dostoevsky’s soul.
Faith
Sonya believes in God, believes in miracles. Rodion, on the contrary, believes that there is no Almighty and miracles also do not happen. He tries to reveal to the girl how ridiculous and illusory her ideas are, proves that her suffering is useless and her sacrifices are ineffective. Raskolnikov judges her from his point of view, says that it is not her profession that makes her sinful, but her vain sacrifices and exploits. However, Sonya's worldview is unshakable, even when driven into a corner, she tries to do something in the face of death. The girl, even after all the humiliation and suffering, did not lose faith in people, in the kindness of their souls. She doesn't need examples, she just believes that everyone deserves a fair share.
Sonya is not embarrassed by either physical deformities or deformities of fate, she is capable of compassion, can penetrate into the essence of the human soul and does not want to judge, because she feels that any evil is committed by a person for some unknown, internal and incomprehensible reason to others.
Inner strength
Many of the author’s thoughts are reflected by Sonechka Marmeladova in the novel “Crime and Punishment.” Its characterization is supplemented by questions about suicide. The girl, forced to go to the panel so that her family would stop starving, at some point thought about committing suicide and with one jerk getting rid of the shame, getting out of the fetid pit.
She was stopped by the thought of what would happen to her loved ones, even if not exactly relatives. In order to prevent suicide in such a life situation, much more is required inner strength. But the religious Sonya was not held back by the thought of mortal sin. She was worried “about them, her own.” And although debauchery was worse than death for the girl, she chose it.
Love and humility
Another feature that permeates Sonechka’s character is the ability to love. She responds to the suffering of others. She, like the wives of the Decembrists, follows Raskolnikov to hard labor. In her image, Dostoevsky presented an all-encompassing and all-consuming love that does not require anything in return. This feeling cannot be called fully expressed, because Sonya never says anything like that out loud, and silence makes her even more beautiful. For this, she is respected by her father, a drunken former official, and her stepmother Katerina Ivanovna, who has lost her mind, and even the libertine Svidrigailov. Raskolnikov is saved and healed by her love.
Author's Beliefs
Each hero has his own worldview and faith. Everyone remains true to their beliefs. But Raskolnikov and Sonechka come to the conclusion that God can show the path to everyone, if only they feel his closeness. Dostoevsky, through his characters, talks about the fact that every person who has come to God through the thorny path of moral torment and research will no longer be able to look at the world the same way as before. The process of renewal and rebirth of man will begin.
