Main idea
Fairy tale by M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin “ Wild landowner” is a caustic satire of the ruling class. All the action described in it takes place as if within the framework of one estate, but in fact, it extends far beyond the boundaries of the entire province. The author began writing such “fairy tales” in his final period of creativity.
In them, he confidently raised topics of concern to the society of the second half of the 19th century century.
The main problem of all his “fairy tales” is the relationship between the exploited and the exploiters.
Likewise, the story of the “Wild Landowner” was intended to ridicule the social system based on the exploitation of the peasants. The author begins his work as an ordinary fairy tale with the words: “In a certain kingdom, in a certain state, once upon a time there lived...” This technique of using traditional fairy tale terms is manifested in almost all of his fairy tales.
From the first lines it becomes clear that we are talking about a stupid and lazy person. The landowner Saltykov-Shchedrin was so ungrateful that he regarded the work of his peasants as something philistine. It seemed to him that the “men” were nothing but worries.
They eat a lot, waste a lot of water, burn a lot of candles, litter the land. In a word, main character was completely dissatisfied with the “chaff spirit.”
As soon as he got rid of them, it became easier for him to breathe and live freely.
But here’s the problem: without the peasants, there was no farm. There was no one to take care of the fertile lands, livestock and garden. He himself also gradually degraded, eating only candies and gingerbread.
He stopped washing and combing his hair, began to grow hair, walk on all fours, and eventually became wild. According to the author, it was thanks to the people that landowners like him had moral and material benefits. With the disappearance of the people, he lost these benefits.
It is not without reason that the author came up with such a name for his “landowner” - Prince Urus-Kuchum-Kildibaev. This is a true nobleman who is proud of his roots and hates ordinary men. Without a “servile spirit” the air seems pure and pure to him.
However, with the disappearance of the peasants, the food on the market also disappears, and therefore he has to go hunting in the forest himself. The landowner is not accustomed to such work. All his life he did nothing but lie on his estate and play grand solitaire.
In fact, by describing all these details, Saltykov-Shchedrin gradually reveals the main goal of his tale. He condemns not only the landowner for his idle lifestyle, but also the long-suffering of the peasants, their slavish worldview. By returning the “men” to their homes, the author expresses faith in the triumph of freedom.
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Essay on the topic: The main idea in the fairy tale The Wild Landowner, Saltykov-Shchedrin Analysis of the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" by Saltykov-Shchedrin
The theme of serfdom and the life of the peasantry played an important role in the work of Saltykov-Shchedrin. The writer could not openly protest the existing system. Saltykov-Shchedrin hides his merciless criticism of autocracy behind fairy-tale motives. He wrote his political tales from 1883 to 1886. In them, the author truthfully reflected the life of Russia, in which despotic and all-powerful landowners destroy hardworking men.
In this tale, Saltykov-Shchedrin reflects on the unlimited power of landowners, who abuse the peasants in every possible way, imagining themselves almost as gods. The writer also talks about the landowner’s stupidity and lack of education: “that landowner was stupid, he read the newspaper “Vest” and his body was soft, white and crumbly.” Shchedrin also expresses the powerless situation of the peasantry in Tsarist Russia in this fairy tale: “There was no torch to light the peasant’s light, there was no rod with which to sweep out the hut.” The main idea of the fairy tale was that the landowner cannot and does not know how to live without a peasant, and the landowner dreamed of work only in nightmares. So in this fairy tale, the landowner, who had no idea about work, becomes dirty and wild beast. After all the peasants abandoned him, the landowner never even washed himself: “Yes, I’ve been walking around unwashed for so many days!”
The writer caustically ridicules all this negligence of the master class. The life of a landowner without a peasant is far from normal human life.
The master became so wild that “he was covered with hair from head to toe, his nails became like iron, he even lost the ability to pronounce articulate sounds. But he had not yet acquired a tail.” Life without peasants in the district itself has become disrupted: “nobody pays taxes, no one drinks wine in taverns.” “Normal” life begins in the district only when the peasants return to it. In the image of this one landowner, Saltykov-Shchedrin showed the life of all the gentlemen in Russia. And the final words of the tale are addressed to each landowner: “He plays grand solitaire, yearns for his former life in the forests, washes himself only under duress, and moos from time to time.”
This tale is full of folk motifs and is close to Russian folklore. There are no sophisticated words in it, but there are simple Russian words: “said and done”, “peasant trousers”, etc. Saltykov-Shchedrin sympathizes with the people. He believes that the suffering of the peasants will not be endless, and freedom will triumph.
They walked with open heads and long forelocks; they had beards
released. They walked not fearfully, not gloomily, but with a kind of quiet pride;
their dresses of expensive cloth were worn out and hung shabby on them
shreds; they did not look or bow to the people. Ostap walked ahead of everyone.
What did old Taras feel when he saw his Ostap? What happened
then in his heart? He looked at him from the crowd and did not say a single
his movements. They were already approaching the frontal area. Ostap stopped. To him
the first one had to drink this heavy cup. He looked at his people, raised his hand
up and said loudly:
- God forbid that all the heretics standing here don’t hear,
wicked, how a Christian suffers! so that not one of us says anything
one word!
After this he approached the scaffold.
- Good, son, good! - Bulba said quietly and pointed at the ground
gray head.
The executioner tore off his old rags; his hands and feet were tied in on purpose
made machines, and... Let us not confuse readers with a picture of hellish torment, from
whose hair would stand on end. They were the product of the then
rough, ferocious century, when man still led a bloody life of military
exploits and hardened his soul in it, not sensing humanity. In vain some
few who were exceptions from the century were opponents of these terrible
measures In vain the king and many knights, enlightened in mind and soul,
imagined that such cruelty of punishment could only fuel revenge
Cossack nation. But the power of the king and smart opinions was nothing before the disorder
and the daring will of state magnates, who, with their rashness,
an incomprehensible lack of any foresight, childish pride and
with insignificant pride they turned the Sejm into a satire on the government. Ostap carried out
torment and torture like a giant. Neither a scream nor a groan was heard even then,
when they began to break the bones in his arms and legs, when their terrible carnage
was heard among the dead crowd by distant spectators when the panicked
turned away their eyes - nothing resembling a groan escaped from his lips, not
his face trembled. Taras stood in the crowd with his head down and at the same time
proudly raising his eyes and only saying approvingly: “Good, son, good!”
But when they brought him to his last mortal pangs, it seemed as if
his strength began to give way. And he turned his eyes around him: God, everything
unknown, all strangers faces! At least someone close to you would be present
his death! He would not like to hear the sobs and contrition of a weak mother or
the mad cries of his wife, tearing out her hair and beating her white breasts;
Now he would like to see a firm husband who would refresh him with a reasonable word
and consoled him at his death. And he fell with strength and exclaimed in spiritual weakness:
- Father! where are you! Can you hear?
- I hear! - rang out amid the general silence, and all the million people in
I shuddered for a while.
Some of the military horsemen rushed to carefully examine the crowds of people.
Yankel turned pale as death, and when the riders moved a little away from him, he
turned back with fear to look at Taras; but Taras is already near
he was not there: there was no trace of him.
In the work of Saltykov-Shchedrin, the theme of serfdom and the oppression of the peasantry always played a large role. Since the writer could not openly express his protest against the existing system, almost all of his works are filled with fairy-tale motifs and allegories. The satirical fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” was no exception, the analysis of which will help 9th grade students better prepare for a literature lesson. Detailed analysis fairy tales will help highlight the main idea of the work, the features of the composition, and will also allow you to better understand what the author teaches in his work.
Brief Analysis
Year of writing– 1869
History of creation– Unable to openly ridicule the vices of autocracy, Saltykov-Shchedrin resorted to allegorical literary form- a fairy tale.
Subject– Saltykov-Shchedrin’s work “The Wild Landowner” most fully reveals the theme of the situation of serfs in the conditions of Tsarist Russia, the absurdity of the existence of a class of landowners who cannot and do not want to work independently.
Composition– The plot of the tale is based on a grotesque situation, behind which the real relations between the classes of landowners and serfs are hidden. Despite the small size of the work, the composition is created according to a standard plan: beginning, climax and denouement.
Genre- A satirical tale.
Direction- Epic.
History of creation
Mikhail Evgrafovich was always extremely sensitive to the plight of the peasants who were forced to be in lifelong servitude to the landowners. Many of the writer’s works, which openly touched upon this topic, were criticized and not allowed to be published by censorship.
However, Saltykov-Shchedrin still found a way out of this situation by turning his attention to the outwardly quite harmless genre of fairy tales. Thanks to the skillful combination of fantasy and reality, the use of traditional folklore elements, metaphors, and bright aphoristic language, the writer managed to disguise the evil and sharp ridicule of the landowners' vices under the guise of an ordinary fairy tale.
In an environment of government reaction, only thanks to fairy tale fantasy it was possible to express their views on the existing political system. Usage satirical techniques V folk tale allowed the writer to significantly expand the circle of his readers and reach the masses.
At that time, the magazine was headed by the writer’s close friend and like-minded person, Nikolai Nekrasov, and Saltykov-Shchedrin did not have any problems with the publication of the work.
Subject
Main theme The tale “The Wild Landowner” lies in social inequality, the huge gap between the two classes that existed in Russia: landowners and serfs. Enslavement of the common people, complex relationships between exploiters and exploited - main issue of this work.
In a fairytale-allegorical form, Saltykov-Shchedrin wanted to convey to readers a simple idea- it is the peasant who is the salt of the earth, and without him the landowner is just an empty place. Few of the landowners think about this, and therefore the attitude towards the peasant is contemptuous, demanding and often downright cruel. But only thanks to the peasant does the landowner get the opportunity to enjoy all the benefits that he has in abundance.
In his work, Mikhail Evgrafovich concludes that it is the people who are the drinker and breadwinner not only of their landowner, but of the entire state. The true stronghold of the state is not the class of helpless and lazy landowners, but exclusively the simple Russian people.
It is this thought that haunts the writer: he sincerely complains that the peasants are too patient, dark and downtrodden, and do not fully realize their full strength. He criticizes the irresponsibility and patience of the Russian people, who do nothing to improve their situation.
Composition
The fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” is a small work, which in “Notes of the Fatherland” took up only a few pages. In it we're talking about about a stupid master who endlessly pestered the peasants working for him because of the “slave smell.”
In the beginning In the work, the main character turned to God with a request to forever get rid of this dark and hateful environment. When the landowner's prayers for deliverance from the peasants were heard, he was left completely alone on his large estate.
Climax The tale fully reveals the master's helplessness without the peasants, who were the source of all blessings in his life. When they disappeared, the once polished gentleman quickly turned into a wild animal: he stopped washing himself, taking care of himself, and eating normal human food. The life of a landowner turned into a boring, unremarkable existence in which there was no place for joy and pleasure. This was the meaning of the title of the fairy tale - the reluctance to give up one’s own principles inevitably leads to “savagery” - civil, intellectual, political.
In denouement works, the landowner, completely impoverished and wild, completely loses his mind.
Main characters
Genre
From the first lines of "The Wild Landowner" it becomes clear that this fairy tale genre. But not good-naturedly didactic, but caustic and satirical, in which the author harshly ridiculed the main vices of the social system in Tsarist Russia.
In his work, Saltykov-Shchedrin managed to preserve the spirit and general style of the nationality. He masterfully used such popular folklore elements as a fairytale beginning, fantasticality, hyperbole. However, he managed to tell about modern problems in society, describe events in Russia.
Thanks to fantastic, fairy-tale techniques, the writer was able to reveal all the vices of society. The work in its direction is an epic in which real-life relations in society are grotesquely shown.
Work test
Rating analysis
Average rating: 4.1. Total ratings received: 520.
The theme and idea of the work "The Wild Landowner"? and got the best answer
Answer from Liudmila Sharukhia[guru]
Saltykov-Shchedrin. Saltykov-Shchedrin in his fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” talks about a despotic and stupid landowner who hated the peasants and wanted to get rid of them by any means: “The cattle come out to water and the landowner shouts: my water!
the landowner wanders around the outskirts and shouts: my land! And earth, and water, and air - everything
it became! ".In this tale, Saltykov-Shchedrin reflects on the limitless
the power of the landowners, who bully the peasants in every possible way, imagining
almost like gods. The writer also talks about landowner stupidity and
lack of education: “that landowner was stupid, he read the newspaper “Vest” and had a body
soft, white and crumbly."
The powerless situation of the peasantry in tsarist Russia Shchedrin also illustrates in this
fairy tale: “The man could not light the splinter in the light, the twig was no more than the hut
sweep."
nightmares.
After all the peasants abandoned him, the landowner never even washed himself: “Yes, I’ve been unwashed for so many days!” The writer caustically ridicules all this negligence
master class. The life of a landowner without a peasant is far from reminiscent of
normal human life. The master became so wild that "from head to toe
overgrown with hair, his nails became like iron, he even lost the ability
pronounce articulate sounds. But no tail yet
I bought".
Life without peasants was disrupted even in the district itself: “nobody paid taxes
contributes, no one drinks wine in taverns." "Normal" life begins in the district
only when the men return to it. In the image of this one
the landowner Saltykov-Shchedrin showed the life of all gentlemen in Russia. AND
the final words of the tale are addressed to each landowner: “Lays out
Grand Patience, yearns for his former life in the forests, washes himself only with
under duress and at times grunts. "
This tale is full of folk motifs and is close to Russian folklore. There are no tricks in it
words, but there are simple Russian words: “once said and done”, “peasant trousers” and
etc. Saltykov-Shchedrin sympathizes with the people. He believes that torment
The peasants are not endless, and freedom will triumph.
Answer from Noli Meli[newbie]
briefly serfdom
Answer from Alena Blokhina[newbie]
2. The main idea of the fairy tale was that the landowner without the peasant
cannot and does not know how to live, and the landowner dreamed of work only in
nightmares.
1.The theme of serfdom and the life of the peasantry played an important role in creativity
And this is short
Answer from 3 answers[guru]
Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: The theme and idea of the work “The Wild Landowner”?