Sonya Marmeladova. Characteristics and image essay

Plan

1. F. M. Dostoevsky and his “Crime and Punishment”.

2. Sonya Marmeladova. Characteristics and image

2.1. Difficult youth.

2.2. Love for people.

2.3. Faith in God.

2.4. Meeting Raskolnikov.

3. My attitude towards the heroine.

F. M. Dostoevsky is a talented creator of complex psychological works. His main characters are bright, contradictory personalities with a difficult fate and difficult life circumstances. The writer himself lived a difficult, extraordinary life, suffered hard labor and imprisonment, disappointments and personal tragedies. Having experienced many sufferings and sorrows, Dostoevsky tried in his work to reflect his own thoughts and conclusions that he drew from his experience.

Fyodor Mikhailovich conceived his novel “Crime and Punishment” in exile, and began writing it after several terrible events that brought him incredible pain and suffering - the death of his wife and brother. These were years of loneliness and struggle with oppressive thoughts. Therefore, the lines of his philosophical and psychological novel are imbued with inexpressible realistic melancholy and life’s sadness.

Sonya Marmeladova is the central figure of this work. She appears before readers as a meek and frightened girl, thin and pale, in a cheap, bright outfit. Despite her youth - Sonechka is not even eighteen years old - she has already seen and experienced enough in this life. The heroine suffered the death of her mother and the loss of a calm, prosperous existence.

Her father is a minor official, married a woman with three children. But this was not the tragedy in the girl’s life. The father's weakness and addiction to drinking is what causes suffering to his entire family. Marmeladov repeatedly lost his job due to drunkenness and lost his mind several times. But, possessing cowardice and spinelessness, he slid lower and lower - into the bottomless abyss of poverty, vice and weakness, dragging people close to him with him.

Sonya's stepmother is an unhappy woman, sick with consumption, who can no longer fight with her husband and lead a decent lifestyle. Seeing how her children are starving and in what rags they walk, feeling that she is weakening and losing her health, Katerina Ivanovna becomes angry and hunted. Sonechka, looking at the poverty and poverty into which her loved ones are plunging, at the sickness of her stepmother and the abandonment of her young children, decides to sacrifice herself to save others. She goes to the panel.

It is not easy for a girl to do such an act. Coming home from obscene work for the first time, she gives all the money to Katerina Ivanovna and lies down on the bed, turning away from everyone to the wall. Sonya is not heard, but bitterly cries out of her innocence, and her stepmother “stood at her feet on her knees all evening, kissing her feet.” At that time, the father, watching his daughter’s fall, lay dead drunk on the side.

It was hard for Sonechka to live in such conditions, feeling neither compassion, nor support, nor tenderness, nor warmth. But the girl did not become embittered in her suffering, did not become bitter... Whatever she did, she did everything out of love for people, for her family. Sonya never condemned her father for his drunkenness and weakness of will, she never said a bad word about him. Although it was clearly Marmeladov’s fault that his family was poor, and that his daughter was forced to sell herself and feed his children. But Sonechka did not blame either her father or her stepmother for her crippled youth, but meekly and obediently sacrificed herself.

She gave the money she earned to those who, in fact, were strangers to her - her stepmother and stepbrothers and sisters. Despite her weakness and vicious lifestyle, the girl still remained pure in soul and innocent in heart, she also deeply forgave and selflessly loved. Realizing her sin, she was embarrassed and ashamed. She could not even sit in the presence of ordinary women, considering herself unworthy and defiled.

At the same time, Sonya Marmeladova appears before us not as a weak, weak-willed heroine, but as persistent, courageous and resilient. She could have killed herself out of hopelessness and despair, as Raskolnikov once told her: “After all, it would be fairer, a thousand times fairer and smarter, to dive straight into the water and end it all at once!” But no, the girl finds the strength to live on. Live on and fight. Fight for the poor, wretched existence of unfortunate children, long-suffering stepmother, pitiful father.

What supports Sonya in such a difficult time is not only her love for her neighbors, but also her faith in God. In faith she finds peace and tranquility; it is she who gives the girl quiet joy and a clear conscience. Sonechka is not fanatically pious or shown to be pious, no. She loves God, she loves to read the Bible, she finds joy and grace in her faith. “What would I be without God?” - exclaims in bewilderment main character. She is grateful to the creator for the fact that she is alive, for the fact that she can breathe, walk, love.

Feeling confused and vaguely remorseful, Raskolnikov comes to Sonya and confesses to her the crime. An unusual and surprising conversation takes place between them, which reveals to us new wonderful qualities of Sonechka Marmeladova. Rodion tells her about his terrible theory and confesses to the double murder. How much tenderness, kindness and understanding the poor girl shows towards the suffering young man. She does not judge him, does not push him away, but tries to understand and lend a helping hand. “There is no one more unhappy than you in the whole world,” she sincerely regrets Raskolnikov.

The girl sees his pain, his suffering, she tries to understand the motives and motivations of the terrible act, and does not rush to condemn or criticize. Trying to understand Raskolnikov’s theory, Sonya remains true to herself and her principles. “Is this person a louse?” - she is surprised with fear and tries to prove to her loved one that life, no matter whose life it is, is sacred and inviolable, that no arguments or explanations can justify murder.

The girl encourages Rodin to repent and confess everything to the authorities. It seems to her that in this way he will atone for his terrible sin and find peace. And she, sanctified and inspired by her selfless love, will share his punishment with her dear man: “Together! Together! - she repeated as if in oblivion and hugged him again, “I’ll go to hard labor with you!” Sonya, beautiful in her self-sacrifice, kept her promise. She followed Raskolnikov into exile, steadfastly endured his coldness and callousness, and with her tenderness tried to melt the ice in his soul and restore him to his former cheerfulness and vigor. I really want to hope that she succeeded, and that the girl made the main character happy and found personal happiness herself.

My attitude towards Sonya Marmeladova is full of admiration and surprise. What genuine nobility does this girl possess, forced to sell herself, how much sublimity and greatness of soul she has! She feels people very subtly, she firmly believes in goodness and miracles, she is ready to sacrifice herself so that others can feel good. Possessing unfeigned meekness and unfeigned love, having sincere faith in God, Sonechka Marmeladova tries to improve the world as best she can.

Thanks to her efforts and persuasion, the path to repentance opened for Rodion. And this means a lot - she saved the soul young man. Using the example of Sonya Marmeladova, I also saw that you cannot judge a person, no matter what his deeds and actions are. Without knowing what prompts him to act one way or another, without knowing his feelings, sorrows and experiences, it is not permissible to blame or condemn, no matter what happens. You must always understand that even the most bad deed there are mitigating circumstances, and that even the most notorious sinner can be a hostage to circumstances.

One of the main characters of the novel F.M. Dostoevsky’s “Crime and Punishment” is Sonya Marmeladova, a girl forced to work “on a yellow ticket” in order to save her family from starvation. It is to her that the author assigns the most important role in the fate of Raskolnikov.

Sonya's appearance is described in two episodes. The first is the scene of the death of her father, Semyon Zakharych Marmeladov: “Sonya was small, about eighteen years old, thin, but quite pretty blonde... She was also in rags, her outfit was decorated in a street style... with a brightly and shamefully outstanding purpose.”

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Another description of her appearance appears in the scene of Sonechka’s acquaintance with Dunya and Pulcheria Alexandrovna: “she was a modestly and even poorly dressed girl, very young, almost like a girl... with a clear but frightened face. She was wearing a very simple house dress...” Both of these portraits are strikingly different from each other, which reflects one of the key features of Sonya’s character - the combination of spiritual purity and moral decline.

Sonya's life story is extremely tragic: unable to indifferently watch as her family died from hunger and poverty, she voluntarily submitted to humiliation and received a “yellow ticket.” Sacrifice, boundless compassion and selflessness forced Sonechka to give all the money she earned to her father and stepmother Katerina Ivanovna.

Sonya has many wonderful human character traits: mercy, sincerity, kindness, understanding, moral purity. She is ready to look for something good and bright in every person, even in those who are not worthy of such treatment. Sonya knows how to forgive.

She has developed an endless love for people. This love is so strong that Sonechka is determined to consciously give all of herself for their sake.

Such faith in people and a special attitude towards them (“This man is a louse!”) are largely connected with Sonya’s Christian worldview. Her faith in God and the miracle that comes from him truly has no boundaries. “What would I be without God?” In this regard, she is the opposite of Raskolnikov, who opposes her with his atheism and theory about “ordinary” and “extraordinary” people. It is faith that helps Sonya maintain the purity of her soul, protect herself from the dirt and vice that surrounds her; It is not for nothing that almost the only book she has read more than once is the New Testament.

One of the most significant scenes in the novel, which influenced Raskolnikov’s future life, is the episode of joint reading of a passage from the Gospel about the resurrection of Lazarus. “The cinder has long gone out in the crooked candlestick, dimly illuminating in this beggarly room a murderer and a harlot, strangely gathered together to read an eternal book...”

Sonechka plays a crucial role in Raskolnikov’s fate, which consists in reviving his faith in God and returning to the Christian path. Only Sonya was able to accept and forgive his crime, did not condemn him and was able to induce Raskolnikov to confess to his crime. She went with him all the way from recognition to hard labor, and it was her love that was able to return him to the true path.

Sonya has proven herself to be a decisive and active person, capable of making difficult decisions and following them. She convinced Rodion to denounce himself: “Get up! Go now, this very minute, stand at the crossroads, bow, first kiss the earth that you have desecrated, and then bow to the whole world...”

At hard labor, Sonya did everything to ease Raskolnikov’s fate. She becomes a famous and respected person and is addressed by her first name and patronymic. The convicts fell in love with her for her kind attitude towards them, for her selfless help - for something that Raskolnikov does not yet want or cannot understand. At the end of the novel, he finally realizes his feelings for her, realizes how much she suffered for him. “Can her beliefs now not be mine? Her feelings, her aspirations at least..." So Sonya’s love, her dedication and compassion helped Raskolnikov begin the process of becoming on the right path.

The author embodied the best human qualities. Dostoevsky wrote: “I have one moral model and ideal – Christ.” Sonya became for him the source of his own beliefs, decisions dictated by his conscience.

Thus, thanks to Sonechka, Raskolnikov was able to find a new meaning in life and regain his lost faith.

In Dostoevsky’s rather gloomy novel “Crime and Punishment,” the image of Sonya Marmeladova is that “ray of light in dark kingdom”, which many look in vain in Katerina from Ostrovsky’s “The Thunderstorm”. After all, it is in this girl, who is at the very bottom of the social ladder, that we see a truly bright soul.

The reader gets to know Sonechka Marmeladova in absentia - first, her father Semyon Zakharovich Marmeladov, a spineless man and a big lover of alcohol, spoke about her. According to his story, it turned out that Sonya, being the stepdaughter of his wife, grew up as a meek and harmless child. But she often got it from her stepmother for no reason. A certain Daria Frantsevna, seeing her stepmother’s dislike for the eldest girl, offered to sell her virginity.

Her own mother, perhaps, would not have agreed, but Katerina Ivanovna thought first of all about her own little children. In Sonya she saw an extra mouth that was eating up her children. She forced a young girl into prostitution. The same " good people", who pushed Katerina Ivanovna to do this, then did not want to live next to the prostitute girl, and reported to the police. Sonya received a yellow ticket and was forced to leave her parents' house. She rented a room and came to her parents at dusk to give them some money, medicine, and gifts.

Dostoevsky makes a portrait of Sonya Marmeladova as a girl of short stature for her age, which makes her seem younger than her years, blonde with a pale, pretty face and blue eyes. In public she always behaved modestly, and even looked scared. Her face was small, thin, and seemed irregular with a small nose and a pointed chin. But her lively eyes gave her face kindness and simplicity.

She gave almost all the money she received from clients to Katerina Ivanovna. And it was clear that she herself was afraid to eat an extra piece of bread. She was malnourished in the family as she grew up, and she continued to malnourish after leaving home. Hence the thinness of her face, her short stature, her figure reminiscent of a teenage girl. She had the last 30 kopecks left, maybe for food, but her drunkard dad took them too.

Even realizing that the kind of clients she would have depended on her appearance, she was afraid to buy herself a decent outfit. Everything about her was cheap and worn.

When characterizing Sonya Marmeladova, many admire her self-sacrifice. Yes, she would try not to sacrifice herself! Katerina Ivanovna herself would have pecked her. The poor girl was taught from childhood that she ate poor little ones. Surely, this same Katerina Ivanovna took out her powerlessness and anger on a fragile, defenseless girl. Hence her intimidated look and shyness in her movements. And if she hadn’t brought the money herself, they would have found her and started demanding her, reproaching her with the fact that they raised her, tore her away from herself and her children, and she, the ungrateful one, abandoned them.

So Sonya’s self-sacrifice is from her childhood fears and complexes. And now Katerina Ivanovna “admires” Sonya’s self-sacrifice:

Dostoevsky, through the mouth of Raskolnikov, reproaches the older Marmeladovs:

Sonya sincerely believes in God, and Rodion was even afraid that she would torment him with conversations about faith and God. But she turned out to be a smart and tactful girl. With her inner instinct, she understood that this was not the time, that he did not need these conversations, and therefore did not annoy him. The convicts sensed his disbelief and were even ready to kill him for his godlessness.

Sonya, perhaps for the first time only from Raskolnikov, felt a truly kind, humane attitude towards herself, and reached out to him with all her heart. She turned out to be ready to follow Rodion to hard labor, just not to endure the general contempt for herself from those around her in her hometown.

Sonya turned out to be a capable and hardworking girl. Freed from family shackles and reproaches, she breathed freely, and her talent as a milliner was revealed. In a distant Siberian town, she gained popularity among local ladies and began to earn good money. And through her relationship with the wives of the prison authorities, Rodion was given concessions.

The convicts also fell in love with Sonya. For what? Rodion could not understand this. The convicts simply trusted her.

Sonechka Marmeladova is forever the favorite heroine of Fyodor Mikhailovich himself and, of course, the majority of his readers. A fragile, light, eternally frightened creature with blue eyes on a childish face. Young Sonya is an orphan on her mother's side. She is only 17 or 18 years old. She is the only natural child of official Semyon Marmeladov, who after the death of his wife married a widow with three children from her first marriage, Katerina Ivanovna.

The tragic fate of Sonya Marmeladova

Sonya's father is addicted to alcohol, over time he loses everything, steals things from the house to sell, and his family is forced to starve. A conscientious and merciful girl, unable to find a decent and paid job, decided to take a desperate step and went to the street to sell her body. She is forced to live separately from her family as unworthy, doomed to wear vulgar clothes and hide her eyes at the sight of “honest” ladies.

The unfortunate girl is sure that she is a great sinner who does not deserve to be in the same room with decent people. It is taboo for her to sit next to Rodion’s mother or shake hands. She freezes in indecision on the threshold of her parents' house, afraid with her presence to offend the guests who, like her, came to say goodbye to the deceased Marmeladov. Sonya is so meek and weak that anyone can offend her, like the scumbag Luzhin, who threw money at her in order to accuse her of theft, or the grumpy landlady of a rented apartment. The orphan is simply unable to fight back.

Sonya's mental strength

At the same time, physical lack of will is combined in the image of this girl with incredible strength of soul. No matter what Sonechka does, the reason for her actions is love and sacrifice for the sake of love. Out of love for her careless alcoholic father, she will give her last pennies for her hangover. Out of love for children, she goes to the panel every evening. And having fallen in love, Sonya goes with him to hard labor, despite all his indifference. Kindness, compassion and the ability to forgive make Sonechka stand out from the crowd of other heroes in the novel. She does not hold a grudge against her father and stepmother for their ruined honor. She forgave and even pitied Raskolnikov, although Liza was close to her.

Where does this unfortunate creature, trampled by life, draw spiritual strength? As Sonya herself says, her faith in God helps her. With prayer, she herself will stand and will extend a helping hand to others. So she helped Rodion first confess to the crime, then truly repent, find God and be able to start life anew. This fallen woman is the most innocent of the heroes in the entire novel. Her image shatters Raskolnikov's theory to smithereens. Yes, she is humiliated, but she is not a “trembling creature,” but a most worthy person, and in fact, she is also much stronger than the main character. Having gone through all the circles of hell, Sonechka did not harden, did not become vulgar, but remained pure, like an angel, and was able to overcome all the blows of fate. And she deserved her little happiness next to her loved one.

The author needs the image of Sonya Marmeladova to create a moral counterbalance to the idea of ​​Rodion Raskolnikov. Raskolnikov feels a kindred spirit in Sonya, because they are both outcasts. However, unlike the ideological killer, Sonya is “a daughter who was evil and consumptive to her stepmother, who betrayed herself to strangers and minors.” She has a clear moral guideline— biblical wisdom of cleansing suffering. When Raskolnikov tells Marmeladova about his crime, she takes pity on him and, focusing on the biblical parable of the resurrection of Lazarus, convinces him to repent of his crime. Sonya intends to share with Raskolnikov the vicissitudes of hard labor: she considers herself guilty of violating biblical commandments and agrees to “suffer” in order to cleanse herself.

Sonya's appearance

It was a thin, very thin and pale face, rather irregular, somehow pointy, with a pointy little nose and chin. She couldn't even be called pretty, but Blue eyes hers were so clear, and when they came to life, the expression on her face became so kind and simple-minded that you involuntarily attracted people to her. In her face, and in her whole figure, there was, moreover, one special characteristic: despite her eighteen years, she seemed almost like a girl, much younger than her years, almost like a child, and this sometimes even manifested itself comically in some of her movements.

Katerina Ivanovna about Sonya

Yes, she will take off her last dress, sell it, go barefoot, and give it to you if you need it, that’s what she is like! She even received a yellow ticket, because my children were dying of hunger, she sold herself for us!

Marmeladov about Sonya

“After all, now she must observe cleanliness. This cleanliness costs money, it’s special, you know? Do you understand? Well, you can buy sweets there too, because you can’t, sir; starched skirts, a fancy shoe of sorts, so that you can show off your legs when you have to cross a puddle. Do you understand, do you understand, sir, what this purity means? Well, here I am, the blood father, and stole these thirty kopecks for my hangover! And I drink, sir! And I’ve already drunk it, sir!..”

The novel “Crime and Punishment” was written by Dostoevsky after hard labor, when the writer’s beliefs took on a religious overtones. The search for truth, denunciation of the unjust structure of the world, the dream of “the happiness of mankind” during this period were combined in the writer’s character with disbelief in the violent remaking of the world. Convinced that it is impossible to avoid evil in any social structure, that evil comes from the human soul, Dostoevsky rejected revolutionary path transformation of society. Raising the question only of the moral improvement of each person, the writer turned to religion.

Rodion Raskolnikov and Sonya Marmeladova- the two main characters of the novel, appearing as two counter-currents. Their worldview forms the ideological part of the work. Sonya Marmeladova is Dostoevsky's moral ideal. She brings with her the light of hope, faith, love and compassion, tenderness and understanding. This is exactly what the writer thinks a person should be. Sonya personifies Dostoevsky's truth. For Sonya, all people have the same right to life. She is firmly convinced that no one can achieve happiness, both their own and that of others, through crime. A sin remains a sin, no matter who commits it and for what purpose.

Sonya Marmeladova and Rodion Raskolnikov exist in complete different worlds. They are like two opposite poles, but cannot exist without each other. The image of Raskolnikov embodies the idea of ​​rebellion, and the image of Sonya - the idea of ​​humility. But what is the content of both rebellion and humility is a topic of numerous debates that continue to this day.

Sonya is a highly moral, deeply religious woman. She believes in the deep inner meaning of life, she does not understand Raskolnikov’s ideas about the meaninglessness of everything that exists. She sees the predestination of God in everything and believes that nothing depends on man. Its truth is God, love, humility. The meaning of life for her lies in the great power of compassion and empathy from person to person.

Raskolnikov passionately and mercilessly judges the world with the mind of a hot rebellious personality. He does not agree to put up with life's injustice, and hence his mental anguish and crime. Although Sonechka, like Raskolnikov, oversteps herself, she still oversteps in a different way than he does. She sacrifices herself to others, and does not destroy or kill other people. And this embodied the author’s thoughts that a person has no right to selfish happiness, he must endure and through suffering achieve true happiness.

According to Dostoevsky, a person should feel responsible not only for his own actions, but also for every evil that occurs in the world. This is why Sonya feels that she is also to blame for Raskolnikov’s crime, which is why she takes his action so close to her heart and shares his fate.

It is Sonya who reveals Raskolnikov his terrible secret. Her love revived Rodion, resurrected him to a new life. This resurrection is expressed symbolically in the novel: Raskolnikov asks Sonya to read the Gospel scene of the resurrection of Lazarus from the New Testament and relates the meaning of what she read to herself. Touched by Sonya's sympathy, Rodion goes to her for the second time as a close friend, he himself confesses to her the murder, tries, confused about the reasons, to explain to her why he did it, asks her not to leave him in misfortune and receives an order from her: to go to the square, kiss the ground and repent before all the people. This advice from Sonya reflects the thought of the author himself, who strives to lead his hero to suffering, and through suffering - to atonement.

In the image of Sonya, the author embodied the most best qualities human: sacrifice, faith, love and chastity. Being surrounded by vice, forced to sacrifice her dignity, Sonya was able to maintain the purity of her soul and the belief that “there is no happiness in comfort, happiness is bought by suffering, a person is not born for happiness: a person deserves his happiness, and always through suffering.” Sonya, who “transgressed” and ruined her soul, a “man of high spirit”, of the same “class” as Raskolnikov, condemns him for his contempt for people and does not accept his “rebellion”, his “axe”, which, as it seemed to Raskolnikov, was raised and in her name. The heroine, according to Dostoevsky, embodies the national principle, the Russian element: patience and humility, immeasurable love for man and God. The clash between Raskolnikov and Sonya, whose worldviews are opposed to each other, reflects the internal contradictions that troubled the writer’s soul.

Sonya hopes for God, for a miracle. Raskolnikov is sure that there is no God and there will be no miracle. Rodion mercilessly reveals to Sonya the futility of her illusions. He tells Sonya about the uselessness of her compassion, about the futility of her sacrifices. It is not the shameful profession that makes Sonya a sinner, but the futility of her sacrifice and her feat. Raskolnikov judges Sonya with different scales in his hands than the prevailing morality; he judges her from a different point of view than she herself.

Driven by life into the last and already completely hopeless corner, Sonya tries to do something in the face of death. She, like Raskolnikov, acts according to the law of free choice. But, unlike Rodion, Sonya has not lost faith in people; she does not need examples to establish that people are naturally good and deserve a bright share. Only Sonya is able to sympathize with Raskolnikov, since she is not embarrassed by either physical deformity or the ugliness of social fate. She penetrates “through the scab” into the essence of human souls and is in no hurry to condemn; feels that behind the external evil there are hidden some unknown or incomprehensible reasons that led to the evil of Raskolnikov and Svidrigailov.

Sonya internally stands outside of money, outside the laws of the world tormenting her. Just as she, of her own free will, went to the panel, so herself, of her own firm and indestructible will, she did not commit suicide.

Sonya was faced with the question of suicide; she thought about it and chose an answer. Suicide, in her situation, would be too selfish a way out - it would save her from shame, from torment, it would rescue her from the fetid pit. “After all, it would be fairer,” exclaims Raskolnikov, “a thousand times fairer and wiser it would be to dive head first into the water and end it all at once!” - What will happen to them? - Sonya asked weakly, looking at him painfully, but at the same time, as if not at all surprised by his proposal.” Sonya's measure of will and determination was higher than Rodion could have imagined. To keep herself from committing suicide, she needed more stamina, more self-reliance than to throw herself “headfirst into the water.” What kept her from drinking water was not so much the thought of sin as “about them, our own.” For Sonya, debauchery was worse than death. Humility does not imply suicide. And this shows us the full strength of Sonya Marmeladova’s character.

Sonya's nature can be defined in one word - loving. Active love for one’s neighbor, the ability to respond to someone else’s pain (especially deeply manifested in the scene of Raskolnikov’s confession of murder) make the image of Sonya “ideal.” It is from the standpoint of this ideal that the verdict is pronounced in the novel. In the image of Sonya Marmeladova, the author presented an example of comprehensive, all-forgiving love contained in the character of the heroine. This love is not envious, does not require anything in return, it is even somehow unspoken, because Sonya never talks about it. It fills her entire being, but never comes out in the form of words, only in the form of actions. This is silent love and that makes it even more beautiful. Even the desperate Marmeladov bows to her, even the crazy Katerina Ivanovna prostrates herself before her, even the eternal libertine Svidrigailov respects Sonya for this. Not to mention Raskolnikov, whom this love saved and healed.

The heroes of the novel remain true to their beliefs, despite the fact that their faith is different. But both of them understand that God is one for everyone, and he will show the true path to everyone who feels his closeness. The author of the novel, by moral quest and reflection, I came to the idea that every person who comes to God begins to look at the world in a new way, rethinks it. Therefore, in the epilogue, when Raskolnikov’s moral resurrection occurs, Dostoevsky says that “the new story“, the history of the gradual renewal of man, the history of his gradual rebirth, gradual transition from one world to another, acquaintance with a new, hitherto completely unknown reality.”

Having rightly condemned Raskolnikov’s “rebellion,” Dostoevsky leaves victory not for the strong, smart and proud Raskolnikov, but for Sonya, seeing in her the highest truth: suffering is better than violence - suffering purifies. Sonya confesses moral ideals, which, from the writer’s point of view, are closest to the broad masses of the people: the ideals of humility, forgiveness, silent submission. In our time, most likely, Sonya would become an outcast. And not every Raskolnikov today will suffer and suffer. But the human conscience, the human soul, have lived and will always live as long as “the world stands.” This is the great immortal meaning of the most complex novel created by a brilliant psychological writer.

Materials about the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment".