Member of the Political Bureau of the CPSU Central Committee
5th Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR
Predecessor:	Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich
Successor:	Tikhonov, Nikolai Alexandrovich
1st
Member of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee
2nd Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers
Predecessor:	Kuzmin, Joseph Iosifovich
Successor:	Novikov, Vladimir Nikolaevich
Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR
Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR
1st Minister of Consumer Goods Industry of the USSR
Predecessor:	Position established
Successor:	Ryzhov, Nikita Semenovich
Minister of Light and Food Industry of the USSR
Predecessor:	Position established
Successor:	Position established
3rd Minister of Light Industry of the USSR
Predecessor:	Chesnokov, Nikolai Ermolaevich
Successor:	The position has been abolished; aka the Minister of Light and Food Industry of the USSR
Member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks
2nd Minister of Finance of the USSR
Predecessor:	Zverev, Arseniy Grigorievich
Successor:	Zverev, Arseniy Grigorievich
1st Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR
Predecessor:	The position has been created; himself as Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR
Successor:	Rodionov, Mikhail Ivanovich
8th Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR
Predecessor:	Khokhlov, Ivan Sergeevich
Successor:	The position has been abolished; himself as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR
1st People's Commissar of the Textile Industry of the USSR
Predecessor:	Position established
Successor:	Akimov, Ilya Nikolaevich
5th Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council
Predecessor:	Petrovsky, Alexey Nikolaevich
Successor:	Popkov, Pyotr Sergeevich
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:	St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Date of death:
A place of death:
	1) CPSU (b) (1927-1952) 2) CPSU (since 1952)
Education:	Leningrad Textile Institute named after. S. M. Kirova
Buried:	Necropolis near the Kremlin wall
	Nikolai Ilyich Kosygin
	Matrona Aleksandrovna Kosygina
	Klavdia Andreevna Krivosheina (1908-1967)
	Daughter: Lyudmila

The Great Patriotic War

Post-war career

Perpetuation of memory

Interesting Facts

Reviews about A. N. Kosygin

Kosygin in encyclopedic sources

(February 21 (March 5), 1904 - December 18, 1980) - Soviet statesman and party leader. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1964, 1974).

Member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) since 1927, member of the Central Committee since 1939, candidate member of the Politburo (Presidium) of the Central Committee from the March Plenum of the Central Committee from 1946 to 1953 and from 1960 to 1980. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR since 1946

Biography

Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin was born on February 21 (March 5), 1904 in St. Petersburg in the family of Nikolai Ilyich and Matrona Alexandrovna Kosygin.

From the end of 1919 to March 1921, Alexey Kosygin served in the 7th Army in the 16th and 61st military field construction in the Petrograd - Murmansk sector.

From 1921 to 1924, Kosygin was a student of the All-Russian Food Courses of the People's Commissariat of Food and Food and studied at the Leningrad Cooperative College, after which he was sent to Novosibirsk as an instructor of the Novosibirsk Regional Union of Consumer Cooperation, and from 1926 to 1928 he was a member of the board, head of the organizational department of the Lensky Union consumer cooperation in the city of Kirensk (now Irkutsk region). There he was accepted as a member of the CPSU (b) in 1927. In 1928 he returned to Novosibirsk, where he worked as head of the planning department of the Siberian Regional Union of Consumer Cooperation.

After returning to Leningrad in 1930, Alexey Kosygin entered the Leningrad Textile Institute, from which he graduated in 1935.

From 1936 to 1937 he worked as a foreman and then as a shift supervisor at the factory named after. Zhelyabov, and from 1937 to 1938 he was director of the Oktyabrskaya factory

In 1938, he was appointed to the post of head of the industrial and transport department of the Leningrad Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and in the same year he was appointed to the post of chairman of the Leningrad City Executive Committee, which he held until 1939.

On March 21, 1939, at the XVIII Congress, Alexey Kosygin was elected a member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In the same year, he was appointed to the post of People's Commissar of the Textile Industry of the USSR, which he held until 1940. In April 1940, he was appointed deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and chairman of the Council on Consumer Goods under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.

The Great Patriotic War

On June 24, 1941, Alexey Kosygin was appointed deputy chairman of the Evacuation Council under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.

On July 11, by decision of the State Defense Committee under the Evacuation Council, a special group of inspectors was created, headed by Kosygin. Under the control of this group, in the second half of 1941, one thousand five hundred and twenty-three enterprises were fully or partially evacuated, including one thousand three hundred and sixty large ones.

From January 19 to July 1942, Kosygin, as an authorized State Defense Committee in besieged Leningrad, carried out work to supply the civilian population of the city and troops, and also participated in the work of local Soviet and party bodies and the Military Council of the Leningrad Front. At the same time, Kosygin led the evacuation of civilians from the besieged city and participated in the creation of the “Road of Life”, namely in the implementation of the decree “On laying a pipeline along the bottom of Lake Ladoga.”

On August 23, 1942, Alexey Kosygin was appointed authorized by the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR to ensure the procurement of local fuels, and on June 23, 1943 - Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR.

Post-war career

In 1945, he was appointed to the post of Chairman of the Operations Bureau of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, and on March 19, 1946, Alexey Kosygin was approved as Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR with the release on March 27 of his duties as Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR. In March of the same year, he was elected as a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.

During the famine of 1946-47, Alexey Kosygin led the provision of food aid to the most affected areas.

From 1946 to 1947 he served as Deputy Bureau of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. On February 8, 1947, Alexey Kosygin was appointed to the post of Chairman of the Bureau of Trade and Light Industry under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

In February 1948, Kosygin was elected a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. On February 16 of the same year he was appointed to the post of Minister of Finance of the USSR. On July 9, Kosygin was relieved of his duties as Chairman of the Bureau of Trade and Light Industry under the Council of Ministers, and on December 28 he was confirmed as the Minister of Light Industry of the USSR, a post he held until 1953, with a release from his duties as Minister of Finance of the USSR.

From 1948 to 1953 he was a member of the Bureau of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

On February 7, 1949, he was appointed to the post of Chairman of the Bureau of Trade under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. On October 16, 1952, he was elected as a candidate member of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee.

In 1951, he headed the commission that considered the issue of dissolving the PTF of Moscow State University.

On March 15, 1953, Alexey Kosygin was appointed Minister of Light and Food Industry of the USSR, on August 24 of the same year - Minister of the Industry of Consumer Goods of the USSR, on December 7 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and on December 22 - Chairman of the Bureau for the Industry of Food and Industrial Consumer Goods under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

On February 23, 1955, Kosygin was relieved of his duties as Minister of Industry of Consumer Goods of the USSR, and on February 26 he was approved as a member of the Presidium of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, on March 22 Alexey Kosygin was approved as a member of the Commission of the Presidium of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Current Affairs, and on August 26 he was appointed Deputy Chairman of the Presidium Commission Council of Ministers of the USSR on issues of production of consumer goods.

On December 25, 1956, he was appointed First Deputy Chairman of the State Economic Commission of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for current planning of the national economy - Minister of the USSR with relief from the duties of Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

On May 23, 1957, Kosygin was appointed First Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Planning Committee, and on July 4 - Deputy Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers.

In 1957, he was approved as a member of the Main Military Council under the USSR Defense Council, and in June of the same year he was elected as a candidate member of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee.

Nikita Khrushchev's support at the June 1957 Plenum allowed Alexei Kosygin to return as a candidate member of the Presidium of the Central Committee (June 29, 1957 - May 4, 1960).

On March 31, 1958, Kosygin was appointed to the post of Deputy Chairman of the Presidium of the USSR Council of Ministers, and on October 13 - Chairman of the Commission of the Presidium of the USSR Council of Ministers on price issues.

In 1959, he was approved as a member of the USSR Defense Council, on March 24 of the same year, Kosygin was appointed as a representative of the USSR in the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, and on August 13, 1959, Kosygin was relieved of his duties as chairman of the commission of the Presidium of the USSR Council of Ministers on price issues.

On May 4, 1960, Alexei Kosygin was elected a member of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee and at subsequent congresses and plenums of the Central Committee he was elected a member of the Central Committee and a member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee.

From May 4, 1960, he served as First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and from October 15, 1964 to October 23, 1980, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

At a meeting of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee, held from October 13 to 14, 1964, when the issue of removing N.S. Khrushchev was discussed, Alexei Kosygin called Khrushchev’s style of government “not Leninist” and supported the group that advocated his removal. In the same 1964, Kosygin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor

While on duty Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR(October 1964 - October 1980), Alexey Kosygin sought to carry out those economic reforms that he outlined in a report on improving industrial management, improving planning and strengthening economic incentives for industrial production at the Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee, held in September 1965. The essence of these reforms was the decentralization of national economic planning, increasing the role of integral indicators of economic efficiency (profit, profitability) and increasing the independence of enterprises.

The Eighth Five-Year Plan (1966-1970), which passed under the sign of Kosygin’s economic reforms, became the most successful in Soviet history and was called “golden”.

In 1974, Alexei Kosygin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor for the second time.

According to V.I. Varennikov, in 1979 Kosygin was the only member of the Politburo who did not support the decision to send Soviet troops to Afghanistan and from that moment he had a complete break with Brezhnev and his entourage.

On October 21, 1980, Kosygin was relieved of his duties as a member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee and on October 23 he was relieved of his duties as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the basis of a submitted application due to deteriorating health. According to the recollections of V.V. Grishin, a member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee, the first secretary of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU, Kosygin, already in the hospital, was worried about the implementation of the upcoming five-year plan of 1981-1985, feared its complete failure, and spoke about the Politburo’s reluctance to constructively address this issue.

Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin died on December 18, 1980. The official press reported his death only three days later. The funeral of Alexei Kosygin took place on December 24 of the same year on Red Square in Moscow near the Kremlin wall. The urn with his ashes was laid in the Kremlin wall by Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov and Nikolai Tikhonov.

Alexey Kosygin made a significant contribution to the normalization of relations between the USSR and China during the border conflict on Damansky Island, meeting with the Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, Zhou Enlai, at the airport in Beijing. The price of this normalization was as follows: Kosygin forbade Soviet troops to occupy the island after the Chinese were driven out of it. As a result, Chinese troops immediately occupied the island, which is still Chinese today.

Family

Alexey Kosygin was married to Klavdiya Andreevna Krivosheina (1908 - May 1, 1967), a relative of Alexey Kuznetsov.

Daughter - Lyudmila Alekseevna (November 4, 1928 - 1990) was married to Jermain Gvishiani. Grandsons Tatyana and Alexey.

Perpetuation of memory

In 1981, most of Vorobyovskoye Highway in Moscow was renamed Kosygina Street.

In 1981, Kantemirovskaya Street in Leningrad received the name “Kosygina Street”, but already in 1982 the street was returned to its previous name.

The name of Alexey Kosygin was given to the Moscow Textile Institute in 1984 (now the Moscow State Textile University named after A. N. Kosygin).

In 2005, the Moscow government decided to install a bronze bust near house No. 8 on Kosygina Street, where Alexey Nikolaevich himself lived. The bust was made by Nikolai Tomsky.

There is also a school named after A. N. Kosygin in the village of Arkhangelsk. The school has a bust of A. N. Kosygin and a museum of gifts given to Kosygin. The famous Arkhangelskoye estate is also located there.

In Novosibirsk there is the Novosibirsk Cooperative Technical College named after A. N. Kosygin of the Novosibirsk Regional Consumer Union.

The monument (bust) to A. N. Kosygin was erected in the city of Kamyshin, Volgograd region, it is located on Lenin Street, 6a - opposite the former management building of the Kamyshin Cotton Mill named after. A. N. Kosygina (now this building is one of the buildings of the Kamyshin Technological Institute - a branch of the Volgograd State Technical University).

Awards

• Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1964, 1974),
• 6 Orders of Lenin,
• order of the October Revolution,
• Order of the Red Banner,
• Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun of Peru
• six medals.

• He served as head of government for 16 years, the longest in the entire history of the Russian Empire, the USSR and Russia.
• For almost 42 years (January 2, 1939 - October 23, 1980) he was a member of the Council of People's Commissars and the Council of Ministers of the USSR as Chairman, First Deputy Chairman, Deputy Chairman (4 times), head of 5 ministries of the USSR, Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR and 2 times as First Deputy State Planning Committee of the USSR.

Kosygin Alexey Nikolaevich was a major party and government figure. He was twice Hero of Socialist Labor. The date of birth of Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin is February 8 (12), 1904. The hometown of the figure was St. Petersburg.

Alexey Kosygin: biography

The name of the mother of the future figure is Matrona Alexandrovna. My father's name was Nikolai Ilyich. The receivers (spiritual parents) were S.N. Stukolov and M.I. Egorova. Kosygin Alexey Nikolaevich was baptized as a child (March 7, 1904). He was the third child. The family of Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin came from peasant backgrounds. My father worked at a factory as a turner. Alexei's mother died when he was almost three years old.

Youth and first working activity

From the end of 1919 to March 1921 he served in the 7th Army of the 16th and 61st military field construction in the Petrograd-Murmansk sector. From 1921 to 1924, Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin was a student of the All-Russian educational courses of the People's Commissariat for Food. He studied at the Petrograd Technical School. After graduation he was sent to Novosibirsk. There he was an instructor for the regional consumer cooperation union. From 1924 to 1926 he lived and worked in Tyumen, for the next two years he was a member of the board, head. organizational department of the Lena Union of Consumer Cooperatives in Kirensk. In this city in 1927, Alexey Kosygin became a member of the CPSU (b). The following year he returned to Novosibirsk. Here he held the position of head. planning department in the Siberian Regional Union of Consumer Cooperation. In 1930, returning to Leningrad, Alexey Kosygin entered the Textile Institute and graduated in 1935. From 1936 to 1937 he works as a foreman and then a shift supervisor at the factory named after. Zhelyabova. From 1937 to 1938 - director of the factory. "Oktyabrskaya". In 1938, he was appointed head of the industrial and transport department in the Leningrad Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). In the same year, he was given the post of chairman of the city executive committee. He remained in this post until 1939. At the XVIII Congress, Alexey Kosygin became a member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In the same year he was appointed People's Commissar of the Textile Industry. He held this position until 1940.

Years of war

On June 24, 1941, he was appointed deputy chairman of the Evacuation Council. On July 11, a special group of inspectors is formed. Kosygin becomes its leader. In the second half of 1941, this group evacuated 1,523 enterprises, including 1,360 large ones. From mid-January to July 1942, Alexei Kosygin, being the representative of the State Defense Committee in Leningrad, ensured supplies for the troops and population of the besieged city. In addition, he participated in the activities of local party bodies on the Leningrad Front. At the same time, he was responsible for directing the evacuation of civilians from Leningrad. He also took part in laying the "Road of Life". On August 23, 1943, he was appointed authorized to ensure the procurement of local fuels. On June 23 of the same year he became Chairman of the RSFSR.

Post-war career

After the end of the Second World War, he was appointed chairman of the operational bureau of the Council of People's Commissars. In addition, he was involved in the activities of the Special Committee (nuclear). In 1946, on March 19, he was approved for the post of Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. In addition, he was nominated as a candidate member of the Politburo. During the famine period of 1946-1947. Kosygin oversaw the provision of food aid to the areas most in need. In 1947, he was appointed head of the Bureau of Trade and Light Industry. In 1948 he became a member of the Politburo. In February of the same year he took the post of Minister of Finance. At the beginning of July, he was relieved of his post as head of the Bureau of Light Industry and Trade. On December 28, he was confirmed for a new post. He becomes Minister of Light Industry. This position remained with him until 1953. He was relieved of his duties as Minister of Finance. In early February, he was appointed head of the Trade Bureau. October 16, 1952 - nominated as a candidate for membership in the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party.

Activities after Stalin's death

Kosygin lost the post of deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers, which he had held since 1940. In mid-March 1953, personnel changes took place. In particular, the Ministry of Food and Light Industry is being formed, combining 4 departments. On August 24, its reorganization takes place. It will be transformed into the Ministry of Food Products Industry under the leadership of Kosygin. On December 7, his post as deputy was returned to him. head of SM. On December 22, he was appointed chairman of the Bureau of Industrial and Consumer Goods Industry. In 1955 he was released from this position. On February 26 of the same year, he was approved as a member of the Presidium of the Council of Ministers, and on March 22, he became a member of the commission on current affairs. Since August 26, Kosygin has been working in the group for the production of consumer products. On December 25, 1956, he was appointed first deputy head of the State Economic Commission of the Council of Ministers for current planning of the national economic complex. In 1957, he was approved as a member of the Main Military Council under the Defense Council. In June of the same year he was elected as a candidate to the Presidium of the Central Committee.

Work under Khrushchev

Thanks to the support of Nikita Sergeevich Kosygin, he managed to return to the post of candidate member of the Presidium. On March 31, 1958, a new appointment took place. Kosygin is confirmed as Deputy Chairman of the Presidium of the Council of Ministers on price issues. From March 20, 1959 to May 4, 1960, he headed the State Planning Committee. In 1959 he was appointed a member of the Defense Council. On March 24 of the same year, he became the country's representative in the CMEA. On August 13, he was relieved of his post as chairman of the commission in the Presidium of the Council of Ministers on price issues.

Activities from 1960 to 1964

Since May 4, 1960, he has held the position of first deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers. in 1962, on April 28, he was confirmed as a member of the Presidium. In the same year, on February 20, its first award ceremony takes place. For services to the Communist Party and the country in communist construction, as well as in connection with his 60th anniversary, Kosygin received the Hero of Socialist Labor. From October 13 to 14, 1964, at a meeting of the Presidium, the issue of removing Khrushchev was discussed. Kosygin called his management style “not Leninist.” At the meeting, he supported the group that advocated his removal.

He took this post on October 15, 1964. The position remained with him for 16 years. This period is considered a record. The new Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR sought to implement fundamental changes in the economy. He outlined his proposals in a report on improving planning, improving industrial management, and strengthening production incentives. He presented his report at the Plenum of the Central Committee in September 1965. Alexei Kosygin's reforms assumed the decentralization of national economic planning, strengthening the role of integral coefficients of economic efficiency (profitability, profit), and expanding the independence of enterprises.

Success

In the period from 1966 to 1970, Kosygin’s plans were actively implemented. This five-year plan is considered the most successful in the country in the entire Soviet history. They even began to call it “golden”. During this five-year period, national income increased by 186%, the volume of production of consumer products - by 203%, retail turnover - by 198%, and the wage fund increased by 220%. Such economic success was due to the expansion of enterprise independence and a sharp reduction in indicators approved from above. Instead of the gross volume of production, the value of sales was established, the cost was replaced by profitability and profit. In addition, the importance of economic interaction between enterprises and the establishment of contractual relations between microeconomic entities increased. In 1974, Kosygin again received the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.

Other areas of work

Kosygin also made a significant contribution to foreign policy. Thus, thanks to him, relations with China were normalized during the border conflict on the island. Damansky. Kosygin personally met with Zhou Enlai (Premier of the State Council) at the airport in Beijing. As a result of negotiations, he prohibited Soviet units from occupying the territory of the island after the Chinese were expelled from there. Accordingly, Chinese troops immediately occupied Damansky. Subsequently, the island was fused with the mainland and from that moment on acts as an integral part of the territory of China. Kosygin made a great contribution to the organization and holding of the 1980 Olympics. As Varennikov testifies, in 1979 he was the only member of the Politburo who spoke out against sending Soviet soldiers to Afghanistan. From that moment on, relations with Brezhnev and his inner circle were severed.

Last years

In 1980, on October 21, Kosygin was released from work as a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party Central Committee. On the 23rd, he submitted an application for removal from the post of head of the SM due to deteriorating health. As Grishin, who was at that time the first secretary of the City Committee of the CPSU, testifies, Kosygin, already in the hospital, was very worried about the upcoming 11th Five-Year Plan. He feared that it would be a failure because, in his opinion, the Politburo did not want to constructively resolve the economic issue. Alexey Nikolaevich died on December 18, 1980. The message about his death, however, appeared in the official press only three days later. This delay was due to the celebration of Brezhnev's birthday. In order not to overshadow the celebration, it was decided to delay the news.

Funeral

For the burial of outstanding statesmen, political figures and persons who had special services to the Fatherland, a necropolis was created near the Kremlin wall. There are two types of burials here. Most of the figures were cremated. The necropolis near the Kremlin wall includes a columbarium for urns with ashes. At one time, foreign communist revolutionaries were also buried here. The urn with Kosygin's ashes was installed on the right side on December 24, 1980.

Descendants

His wife was Klavdia Andreevna Krivosheina. The marriage produced a daughter, Lyudmila. There are no records of whether there were other children of Alexei Nikolaevich Kosygin. Daughter Lyudmila held the position of director at the Library of Foreign Literature. The grandchildren of Alexei Kosygin keep the memory of their grandfather. In particular, Tatyana has a whole archive of recordings. Grandson Alexey is a famous Russian Academy of Sciences and director of the Geophysical Center.

Memories

In their notes, contemporaries describe Kosygin’s distinctive features as clarity and efficiency. He was well erudite, but taciturn. Kosygin did not tolerate empty talk. In speech he was simple and restrained, sometimes harsh. His whole character was revealed in his interactions with others. As Yevgeny Chazov recalled, neither Khrushchev nor Brezhnev liked Kosygin. However, both of them trusted him to lead the economy. Some sources contain criticism of the previous leadership. Kosygin was accused of excesses. However, according to the recollections of the same Chazov, the house in which he lived was significantly different in appearance and interior decoration from Brezhnev’s huge, pompous home in Zarechye. Kosygin himself was modest and intelligent.

		Stove on Red Square in Moscow
		Memorial plaque in Moscow
		Bust in Moscow
		Bronze bust in St. Petersburg
		Memorial plaque in Novosibirsk
		Memorial plaque in St. Petersburg (on the university building)
		Memorial plaque in St. Petersburg (on the factory building)

TO Osygin Alexey Nikolaevich - First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

He joined the Red Army at a young age as a volunteer in 1919. He served as an orderly to the battalion commander in the 16th and 61st military field construction departments (Petrograd, Murmansk). Demobilized in 1921.

In the same year, he entered the All-Russian Food Courses of the People's Commissariat of Food of the RSFSR, which was soon transformed into the Leningrad Cooperative Technical School. After graduation, from 1924 he worked in the consumer cooperation system: instructor at the office of the association of consumer societies "Obsoyuz" (the city of Cherepanovo, now in the Novosibirsk region), from 1925 - in the apparatus of the Siberian Regional Union of Consumer Cooperation (Novosibirsk), from 1926 - member of the board of Lensky Union of Consumer Cooperation and head of the planning department of the Siberian Regional Union of Consumer Cooperation (Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic). Since 1928 - head of the economic department of the Siberian Regional Committee of Cooperators (Novosibirsk). Member of the CPSU(b)/CPSU since 1927.

In 1930 he returned to Leningrad and entered the institute. In 1935 he graduated from the Leningrad Textile Institute named after S.M. Kirov, after which he worked in Leningrad at a textile factory named after A.I. Zhelyabov as a foreman, then as a workshop manager; from July 1937 to June 1938 - director of the Oktyabrskaya Spinning and Weaving Factory in Leningrad.

In July-October 1938 - head of the industrial and transport department of the Leningrad Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In October of the same 1938, he was elected chairman of the Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council of Workers' Deputies.

January 2, 1939 A.N. Kosygin was appointed People's Commissar of the textile industry of the USSR. From March 28, 1940 to March 21, 1941, he was a member of the Economic Council under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (SNK USSR), from April 16, 1940 to March 21, 1941 - Chairman of the Economic Council under the SNK of the USSR for consumer goods, and from April 17 1940 to March 5, 1953 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR - from 1946 - Council of Ministers of the USSR.

During the Great Patriotic War, A.N. Kosygin carried out a great deal of organizational work to rebuild the national economy of the USSR on a military basis, to create a military-industrial base in the eastern regions of the country. Continuing his work as Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, at the same time, from June 24, 1941, he worked as a member, and from July to December 1941, as Deputy Chairman of the Council for Evacuation under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, and carried out important government tasks for the movement of people and industrial enterprises from the front-line areas of the country and material resources. On July 11, 1941, by decision of the State Defense Committee (GKO), a special group of inspectors was created under the Evacuation Council, headed by A.N. Kosygin. Under its control, in the second half of 1941, one thousand five hundred and twenty-three enterprises, including one thousand three hundred and sixty large ones, were transported in whole or in part from the front-line zone to the east.

From January to July 1942 A.N. Kosygin was in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), blockaded by Nazi troops, as a representative of the State Defense Committee, performing titanic work to ensure the supply of the city, and also participated in the work of local Soviet and party bodies and the Military Council of the Leningrad Front. He directly supervised the evacuation of the population of Leningrad. In the spring of 1942 A.N. Kosygin exercised control over the implementation of the decree “On laying a pipeline along the bottom of Lake Ladoga.”

Further during the war A.N. Kosygin, as Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, was involved in the development and solution of problems of the military economy, being a member of the Committee for the unloading of transport cargo (1941-1942), a member of the Transport Committee under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (1942-1944), authorized by the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR for the provision of local fuels (1942-1944), member of the Bureau of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (1944-1945).

As Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, A.N. Kosygin from June 23, 1943 to March 23, 1946 was Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, from March 1946 to July 1948 - Deputy Chairman of the Bureau of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, from February 16 to December 28, 1948 - Minister of Finance of the USSR, from December 1948 to March 1953 - Minister of Light Industry of the USSR.

In the large-scale reshuffles in the highest echelons of power that followed immediately after the death of I.V. Stalin, A.N. Kosygin lost his post as Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and was removed from the list of candidates for membership in the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee. From March 15 to August 24, 1953 - Minister of Light and Food Industry of the USSR, and then from August 24, 1953 to February 23, 1954 - Minister of Industrial Consumer Goods of the USSR.

Since December 1953, A.N. Kosygin was simultaneously Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and from February 1954 to December 1956 he served as Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

On December 25, 1956, Kosygin was appointed first deputy chairman of the State Economic Commission of the USSR Council of Ministers for current planning of the national economy - minister of the USSR. From May to July 1957 - First Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Planning Committee - Minister of the USSR.

From July 5, 1957, again Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and from March 20, 1959 to May 4, 1960, at the same time, Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR. Since May 4, 1960 - First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

U Kazakh Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on February 20, 1964 for great services to the Communist Party and the Soviet state in communist construction and in connection with the 60th anniversary of his birth Kosygin Alexey Nikolaevich awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

After the displacement at the October (1964) Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee N.S. Khrushchev, from October 15, 1964 A.N. Kosygin took one of the highest government posts - Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, becoming, together with L.I. Brezhnev and N.V. Podgorny member of the “leading troika”. As Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR A.N. Kosygin took a direct part in the development and implementation of the political course of the CPSU, its decisions to strengthen the political, economic and defense power and international positions of the USSR.

At the September (1965) Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee A.N. Kosygin made a report on improving industrial management, improving planning and strengthening economic incentives for industrial production. From this moment on, the “Kosygin reform” is considered to be the beginning - attempts to improve the management of the USSR economy, introducing a number of new methods of production growth.

U by the Kazakh Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on February 20, 1974, for great services to the Communist Party and the Soviet state in communist construction and in connection with the 70th anniversary of his birth, he was awarded the second gold medal “Hammer and Sickle” with the Order of Lenin.

For a long time, in parallel with government activities, he worked in senior party positions: from March 1939 - a permanent member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) / CPSU, from March 1946 - a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (Bolsheviks), from September 3, 1948 to October 18 1952 - member of the Standing Commission on Foreign Affairs under the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) / CPSU, and from September 4, 1948 - member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) / CPSU. However, in the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee formed on October 5, 1952, A.N. Kosygin became only a candidate member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee, and in March 1953 he lost this post. Again a candidate member of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee - from June 29, 1957. Member of the Presidium (Politburo) of the CPSU Central Committee from May 1960 to October 1980. He was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 2nd-9th convocations (1946-1980).

In October 1980, A.N. Kosygin retired. Died on December 18, 1980. The urn with his ashes is walled up in the Kremlin wall on Red Square in Moscow.

Awarded six orders of Lenin (04/07/1939, 02/22/1944, 02/20/1954, 02/20/1964, 12/02/1974, 02/20/1974), orders of the October Revolution (02/20/1979), the Red Banner (03/07/1943), and lyami, foreign awards, including the Order of Klement Gottwald (Czechoslovakia, 1979), White Lion 1st degree (Czechoslovakia, 1970), Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun of Peru (1970).

Bronze busts of twice Hero of Socialist Labor A.N. Kosygin were installed in St. Petersburg in Moscow Victory Park, in Moscow near the house where he lived (author - N.V. Tomsky, 2006). Memorial plaques were installed: in Moscow on the house in which he lived; in Novosibirsk at the house in which he worked; in St. Petersburg on the building of the St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, where he studied, and on the building of the Oktyabrskaya spinning and weaving factory, where he worked as a director. In the name of A.N. Kosygin named a street in Moscow and an avenue in St. Petersburg (1982).

Essays:
Selected speeches and articles. M., 1974;
The main directions of development of the national economy of the USSR for 1976-1980. Report to the XXV Congress of the CPSU. M., 1976.

Kosygin Alexey Nikolaevich - First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

He joined the Red Army at a young age as a volunteer in 1919, and served in its ranks until 1921. After demobilization, from 1921 he studied at the Leningrad Cooperative College, after which in 1924 he worked for six years in the consumer cooperation system of Siberia. Member of the CPSU(b)/CPSU since 1927. In 1935 he graduated from the Leningrad Textile Institute named after S.M. Kirov, after which he worked in Leningrad at a textile factory named after A.I. Zhelyabov as a foreman, then as a workshop manager; in 1937 he was appointed director of the Oktyabrskaya Spinning and Weaving Factory.

In 1938 - head of the industrial and transport department of the Leningrad Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In October of the same year, he was elected chairman of the Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council of Workers' Deputies.

On January 2, 1939, Alexey Kosygin was appointed People's Commissar of the Textile Industry of the USSR. From March 28, 1940 to March 21, 1941, he was a member of the Economic Council under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (SNK USSR), from April 16, 1940 to March 21, 1941 - Chairman of the Economic Council under the SNK of the USSR for consumer goods, and from April 17 1940 to March 5, 1953 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR - from 1946 - Council of Ministers of the USSR.

During the Great Patriotic War, A.N. Kosygin carried out a great deal of organizational work to rebuild the national economy of the USSR on a military basis, to create a military-industrial base in the eastern regions of the country.

In 1941 and 1942 A.N. Kosygin, being the Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and at the same time, since June 24, 1941, the Deputy Chairman of the Evacuation Council, carried out important government tasks to move the population, industrial enterprises and material resources from the front-line regions of the country.

On July 11, 1941, by decision of the State Defense Committee (GKO), a special group of inspectors was created under the Evacuation Council, headed by A.N. Kosygin. Under its control, in the second half of 1941, one thousand five hundred and twenty-three enterprises, including one thousand three hundred and sixty large ones, were transported in whole or in part from the front-line zone to the east.

Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin directly carried out organizational and economic measures of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the Soviet government aimed at accelerating the pace of commissioning of evacuated enterprises and increasing the capacity of factories that produced weapons and military equipment.

From January to July 1942 A.N. Kosygin was in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), blockaded by Nazi troops, as a representative of the State Defense Committee, performing titanic work to ensure the supply of the city, and also participated in the work of local Soviet and party bodies and the Military Council of the Leningrad Front. He directly supervised the evacuation of the population of Leningrad. In the spring of 1942 A.N. Kosygin exercised control over the implementation of the decree “On laying a pipeline along the bottom of Lake Ladoga.”

In the subsequent years of the war, A.N. Kosygin, as Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, implemented the decisions of the party and government, was engaged in the development and solution of problems of the military economy, preparing reserves for the Red Army, and supplying it with everything necessary.

After the war, being Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, A.N. Kosygin from February 16 to December 28, 1948 - Minister of Finance of the USSR.

From September 3, 1948 to October 18, 1952, he was a member of the Standing Commission on Foreign Affairs of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) / CPSU, and from September 4, 1948 - a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) / CPSU.

However, in the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee formed on October 5, 1952, A.N. Kosygin became only a candidate member of the Political Bureau of the CPSU Central Committee. And after the death on March 5, 1953, I.V. Stalin, he lost the post of Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, was removed from the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee and from March 15 to August 24, 1953 became the Minister of Light and Food Industry of the USSR, and then from August 24, 1953 to February 23, 1954 - the Minister of Industrial Goods of the USSR. USSR consumption.

Since December 1953, A.N. Kosygin was simultaneously Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and from February 1954 to December 1956 he served as Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

On December 25, 1956, Kosygin was appointed first deputy chairman of the State Economic Commission of the USSR Council of Ministers for current planning of the national economy - minister of the USSR. From May to July 1957 - First Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Planning Committee - Minister of the USSR.

From July 5, 1957, again Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and from March 20, 1959 to May 4, 1960, at the same time, Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR. Since May 4, 1960 - First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 20, 1964, for great services to the Communist Party and the Soviet state in communist construction and in connection with the 60th anniversary of his birth, Alexei Nikolaevich Kosygin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the gold medal “Sickle and Hammer".

After the displacement at the October (1964) Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee N.S. Khrushchev, from October 15, 1964 A.N. Kosygin took one of the highest government posts - Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, becoming, together with L.I. Brezhnev and N.V. Podgorny member of the “leading troika”. Since April 8, 1966 A.N. Kosygin is a member of the Political Bureau of the CPSU Central Committee.

As Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR A.N. Kosygin took a direct part in the development and implementation of the political course of the CPSU, its decisions to strengthen the political, economic and defense power and international positions of the USSR.

At the September (1965) Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee A.N. Kosygin made a report on improving industrial management, improving planning and strengthening economic incentives for industrial production. At the XXIII (1966) and XXIV (1971) congresses of the CPSU, he made reports on the Directives for the five-year plans for the development of the national economy of the USSR for 1966-70 and 1971-75. At the XXV (1976) Congress of the CPSU A.N. Kosygin gave a report on the main directions of development of the national economy of the USSR for 1976-80.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 20, 1974, for great services to the Communist Party and the Soviet state in communist construction and in connection with the 70th anniversary of his birth, Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin was awarded the second gold medal “Hammer and Sickle” with the Order of Lenin.

Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin actively participated in the implementation of Leninist foreign policy of the Soviet Union. He repeatedly represented the USSR at international conferences and meetings, and headed Soviet party and government delegations in many countries of the world. He was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 2nd-9th convocations.

In October 1980, A.N. Kosygin retired. Died on December 18, 1980. Uranus with his ashes rests on the Red Square of Moscow in the Kremlin wall.

Awarded six Orders of Lenin, Orders of the October Revolution, Red Banner, and medals.

In 1982, in the hero city of Leningrad - St. Petersburg named after A.N. Kosygin Avenue is named. Bronze bust of twice Hero of Socialist Labor A.N. Koygina is installed in St. Petersburg in Moscow Victory Park. In 2006, in Moscow, near house No. 8 on Kosygina Street, where an outstanding figure of the Soviet state lived, a similar bronze bust was installed, made by People's Artist of the USSR, Academician of the Russian Academy of Arts N.V. Tomsky in 1979. In Moscow, on the house in which A.N. lived. Kosygin, a memorial plaque was installed.

Materials used from the book: Selected Speeches and Articles. M., 1974;
The main directions of development of the national economy of the USSR for 1976-1980. Report to the XXV Congress of the CPSU. M., 1976.