In Nekrasov’s poem “Who Lives Well in Rus',” the writer describes the hard life of a young guy, Grisha Dobrosklonov. Grisha comes from a very poor family, his mother is seriously ill, and they live poorly by all standards. His childhood and youth were spent in eternal hunger and harshness, and this is what brought him closer to the people. Poverty does not prevent Dobrosklonov from being a pure, fair person; he loves people very much and comes to their defense. He hopes that soon all people will live well.

Grisha Dobrosklonov always fought for the people and their well-being. For him, wealth and benefits were not important; he wanted a good life for everyone, and not just for himself. Dobrosklonov is a very fair young man and he believed that everyone should have reunited and gone ahead towards their goal.

Nekrasov describes Dobrosklonov as the son of the entire people and a fighter for justice. Grisha is not even afraid to sacrifice his life for the whole people. His life is nothing compared to the lives of a huge number of people. Dobrosklonov is not afraid of hard physical work; he is a hard worker and a revolutionary for a good life.

Grisha Dobrosklonov knows that he is not alone in his struggle, because hundreds of people are already fighting, like him, for the people and the Fatherland. Dobrosklonov is not afraid of difficulties; he is confident that his business will be crowned with success. An immense sense of respect for his people burns in his chest. He knows that they will still have to suffer a lot, but at the end of this difficult path, success awaits them all.

He sees how a large number of people rise to the same level with him and this gives him even more strength and faith in victory. Nekrasov describes Grisha Dobrosklonov as a person who lives well in Rus', he is happy. His love for the people and his zeal to do everything for them is happiness.

At the beginning of the poem, the men decide to hit the road and find out who lives well in Rus'. They search among the rich and among ordinary people, but cannot find the desired image. Nekrasov, describing Grisha Dobrosklonova, believes that this is what a happy person looks like. After all, Dobrosklonov is the happiest and richest person. True, Grisha’s wealth does not lie in an expensive house and large quantities money, but in his sincerity and spiritual maturation. Dobrosklonov is happy that he sees that his people are starting new life. Nekrasov with his poem made it clear to the reader that wealth is not the main thing, the main thing is the soul and self-sacrifice for the sake of others.

Essay by Grisha Dobrosklonov. Image and characteristics

The image of Grisha completes Nekrasov’s poem, in which the poet showed so many misfortunes and suffering of ordinary people. It seems that they no longer have hope... But in the epilogue itself there is a positive note - Dobrosklonov! The surname itself tells us that this is a very good hero.

Grisha is a poor young man who received a church education. He is an orphan. His mother (with strange name Domna) did everything to raise him. She loved him very much, and also tried to help other people. But how can you help if you don’t have anything (especially salt)? The poem says that you can ask friends and neighbors for bread, but for salt you have to pay money, which you don’t have. And little Grisha cries and refuses to eat without salt. I think that this is not a whim, but a need of a growing organism. Domna has already sprinkled flour on the bread to deceive her son, but he demands “more” salt. Then she cried, her tears fell on the bread, and this made it salty.

Mother's story greatly influenced Grisha. After her death, he always remembered his mother, sang her song... He didn’t eat enough, he suffered. Love for mother combined with love for the Motherland. And the older he got, the more he understood how difficult it was for all his fellow citizens. He is horrified that the Slav is taken to the market in chains to sell, that their children are taken from the serfs. (Sons are sent to the army for twenty years, and daughters, in general, are subject to “shame.”)

And Grigory feels the strength to change everything for the better. Nekrasov writes that Dobrosklonov is destined for the role of people's defender, and also predicts consumption and exile to Siberia for this hero. But Grisha has already chosen his path.

The choice, according to the poet, was from two paths. The one chosen by the majority is broad - to material well-being and passions. And the other is for the chosen ones, who no longer think about themselves, but only about others. Who is ready to stand up for the unfortunate!

Nekrasov believes in this image of Dobrosklonov, believes that such people will soon appear (and have already appeared) in Russia. They will definitely free their people and their own nobility. And enlightenment and joy will come... Of course, you will have to fight the past. And many of these heroes will need to sacrifice themselves.

And Nekrasov was not mistaken, and his hero became an example for many future defenders of the people.

Option 3

The problem of Nekrasov’s work would not have been fully revealed if there had not been such a hero, a defender of the serfs, as Grisha Dobrosklonov. He is ready to go to the end in the struggle for the happiness and rights of disadvantaged peasants.

The author introduces us to folk hero in the 4th part of the poem. Grisha had a difficult childhood. Being the son of a parish sexton, future hero was well acquainted with the life of peasants. His difficult childhood was brightened up by the singing of Grisha’s mother, whose songs later helped him to please and inspire ordinary workers. It is the songs that reveal inner world a fighter for justice, and it is they who show his love for the Russian people. The first song with which the author introduces the reader tells us about the problems of Rus'. According to Dobrosklonov, Russia is being ruined by drunkenness, hunger, lack of education and, above all, serfdom. During his life, Grisha managed to feel so strongly the troubles of the serfs that the words for the song themselves burst out. But besides the problems, the song expresses hope for future happiness and the liberation of the peasants. Another song tells the story of a barge hauler who, after hard labor, spends all his money in a tavern. The third song, called “Rus,” shows the hero’s boundless love for his country. For him, happiness is when the peasants are happy. With his songs, Grisha Dobrosklonov tries to appeal to both ordinary people, and to the aristocrats, calling on them to answer for the troubles of the peasants.

The image of Gregory is the image of the people's defender. Nekrasov tells us about two paths to happiness. The first path is material wealth, power. The second path is spiritual happiness. According to Dobrosklonov, real happiness is spiritual happiness, which can only be achieved through unity with the people. The hero chooses precisely this path, which leads him to “consumption and Siberia.”

Grisha Dobrosklonov is a young, purposeful man whose soul is tormented by the injustice of serf Rus'. He is attracted by material wealth, he strives to support the spirit of the people, wants to sacrifice his life for the future of his beloved country.

The author of the poem wants to convey to the reader the idea that only fighters for the happiness of the people, such as Grisha Dobrosklonov, can lead Rus' to prosperity. Because only they are capable of leading people, young, strong revolutionaries who are not indifferent to the problems of ordinary people.

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Many works have not lost their relevance in our time. This, perhaps, happens because most of the problems and difficulties in a person’s life can be taken beyond the boundaries of time and the development of humanity as a whole. It has always been difficult for people to find their place in society, some did not have enough money to get a proper education, others did not have enough money to look the right way (society did not accept a person in a shabby suit either in ancient times or now). The problem of arranging life and providing food has always occupied the minds of people, especially those of low income. How to get out of the vicious circle of such problems and is it possible to do this in an honest way? N.A. is trying to answer this question. Nekrasov in his unfinished poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'.”

Many images could serve as a clear example for exploring this topic, but still the main body of information on this issue comes from the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov.

Name meaning and prototypes

In literature, the names of heroes are often symbolic. Their first and last names in most cases are brief description literary personality. If the issue of assigning names to characters, in view of the detailing of their personal qualities, is controversial, then the issue of the meaning of surnames is almost always resolved in favor of symbolism. Authors past centuries They took as a basis names that were widespread in society, in particular, the described class was taken into account. The hero's name should have been close and familiar to readers. The names of the characters were invented by the authors themselves. It was from associations with the surname that the further development image. It was based either on a game of contrasts, or on enhancing the effect of a person’s personal qualities.

The prototype of Grisha Dobrosklonov was the poet and publicist Nikolai Alekseevich Dobrolyubov. In society, he was known as a man of unique hard work and talent - at the age of 13 he was already translating Horace and successfully writing literary critical articles. Dobrosklonov and Dobrolyubov are united by a childhood tragedy - the death of their mother, which left an indelible impression on both the former and the latter. Similar qualities also arise in their social position - the desire to make the world kinder and better.

As we see, Nekrasov took the surname of the literary figure as a basis, modifying it, but at the same time one cannot deny the fact of its symbolism. The character's last name also reflects it personal qualities. It is based on the noun “good”, which corresponds to general characteristics Grisha. He really a kind person by nature, full of good aspirations and dreams. The second part of his surname is formed from the verb “to incline.” That is,

Age, appearance and occupation of Grigory Dobrosklonov

The reader becomes acquainted with the image of Grigory Dobrosklonov in the last parts of the poem - partly in “A Feast for the Whole World” and, in more detail, in the epilogue of the poem.

We do not know the exact age of the hero; the fact that at the time of the story he is studying at a seminary gives us the right to assume that his age is about 15 years old, the same guess is confirmed by the author, saying that the boy is “about fifteen years old.”

Gregory's mother's name was Domna, she died early:

Domnushka
She was much more caring
But also durability
God didn't give it to her.

His father’s name is Tryphon, he was a clerk, in other words, he was at the bottom rung of the clergy career ladder. The family's income was never high - the mother tried her best to change this situation and give a proper education to her children - Grisha and Savva. The woman was often helped by fellow villagers to feed her children, so she

Unresponsive farmhand
For everyone who has anything
Helped her on a rainy day.

Naturally, hard physical labor and poor living conditions had an extremely adverse effect on the woman’s health and she soon died. Grigory is grieving the loss of his mother - she was kind, good and caring, so at night the boy “sorried for his mother” and quietly sang her song about salt.

Life after mother's death

After Domna’s death, the family’s life deteriorated significantly - “Poorer than the seedy / Last peasant / Lived Tryphon.” There was never enough food in their house:

No cow, no horse,
There was a dog Itchy,
There was a cat - and they left.

Grigory and Savva are often fed by their fellow villagers. The brothers are very grateful to the men for this and try not to remain in debt - to somehow help them:

The guys paid them.
To the best of my ability, by work,
Trouble in their affairs
We celebrated in the city.

Nekrasov gives a meager description of Grisha. He has “wide bones,” but he himself does not look like a hero - “his face is too emaciated.” This is because he is always half hungry. While at the seminary, he woke up in the middle of the night from hunger and waited for breakfast. Their father is also not a ruler - he is just as eternally hungry as his sons.

Gregory, like his brother, is “marked by God’s seal” - his abilities in science and the ability to lead crowds, so “the sexton boasted about his children.”

Studying at the seminary is not joyful for Gregory, it is “dark, cold and hungry,” but the young man is not going to retreat; his plans also include studying at the university.

Over time, the image of the mother and small homeland merged together, they soon decided on the desire to serve the common people, to make the lives of ordinary men better:

Gregory already knew for sure
What will live for happiness
Wretched and dark
Native corner.

Gregory does not dream of personal wealth or benefits. He wants all people to live in goodness and prosperity:

I don't need any silver
Not gold, but God willing,
So that my fellow countrymen
And every peasant
Life was free and fun
All over Holy Rus'.

And the young man is ready to do everything possible to get closer to fulfilling his dream.

Dobrosklonov is optimistic, this is especially noticeable in the lyrics of his songs, where he tries to glorify the love of life and outline a wonderful, cheerful future.

Gregory's fate is typical - a joyless, hungry childhood, sad memories of studying at the seminary. What will happen next? This is quite predictable, the fate of such people is always the same:

Fate had in store for him
The path is glorious, the name is loud
People's Defender,
Consumption and Siberia.

Summarize. The image of Grigory Dobrosklonov is optimistic. The young man is full of wonderful aspirations - he is a future revolutionary, ready to sacrifice himself for the good of other people. Gregory is driven by a good intention to improve the lives of ordinary people, just like himself, to provide them with a decent, not a miserable life.

Each poet, defining a creative credo for himself, is guided by his own motives. Some people see the meaning of their creativity in glorifying their homeland, for others creativity is an opportunity to express their idea of ​​the world. The Russian poet Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov considered it his duty to serve the people. All his work is imbued with the ideas of protecting the Russian people from the arbitrariness of the authorities. Therefore, he saw the poet primarily as a citizen:

You may not be a poet
But you have to be a citizen...

In the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” - the main work of his life - the national poet Grisha Dobrosklonov becomes the central image. Nekrasov never finished this poem - he was prevented by an incurable illness, the symptoms of which he felt in 1876, when the work was in full swing. But the dying poet, during the last months of unbearable torment, still wrote his last songs.

In almost all of Nekrasov’s poems one can see the image of a real citizen, which the poet sought to make an ideal for all honest people of Russia. In the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus',” the search for this ideal continues throughout the entire development of the action. The peasants depicted by the poet show themselves to be persistent seekers of truth. After all, the plot of the work begins with how “seven temporarily obliged... came together and argued about who could live happily and freely in Rus'”.

Nekrasov did not idealize the peasants, knowing that many were "the last slaves", and lackeys, and born lackeys. In the crowd scenes one can hear the polyphony of the peasants: here are drunken voices, sympathetic cries, and apt aphorisms. The poet, who spent time with peasants since childhood, studied their speech well, which made it possible to make the language of the poem colorful, bright, and truly creative.

Gradually, individual heroes stand out from the masses. First, Yakim Nagoy, "drunk", "wretched", who has experienced a lot in his lifetime. He is sure that it is impossible for a sober person to live in Rus' - he simply will not be able to withstand backbreaking labor. If not for drunkenness, peasant riots could not have been avoided.

Relying on moral ideals people, Nekrasov created images of people from peasant backgrounds who became fighters for the happiness of the people. And only in the final part of the work - the chapter “A Feast for the Whole World” - does the image of a popular intellectual appear. This is Grigory Dobrosklonov. The poet did not have time to finish this part of the poem, but the image of the hero still looks complete.

Grisha comes from the so-called raznochin environment, he is the son of a farm laborer and a sexton. Only the dedication of his mother and the generosity of the people around him did not allow both Grisha himself and his younger brother Savva "babies in the ground" decay. A half-starved childhood and harsh youth helped him get closer to the people and determined his life path young man, after all, already at the age of fifteen “Gregory already knew for sure”, for whom he will die and to whom he will devote his life.

The author first puts “Bitter Songs” into the hero’s mouth, reflecting the bitter time. But towards the end of the chapter, “Good Songs” also begin to sound. “Rus” and “In the Middle of the Below World” stand out most clearly. The image of Grisha Dobrosklonov embodied the features of many revolutionaries of that time, even the hero’s surname is consonant with another famous surname - Nikolai Dobrolyubov. Like the democratic revolutionary, Grisha Dobrosklonov is a fighter for the interests of the peasants, he is ready to go “for the humiliated” and “for the offended” in order to be the first there.

The image of Grisha is realistic, but at the same time generalized, almost conventional. This is an image of youth, looking forward, hoping for the best. He is all in the future, so the image of the hero turned out to be vague, only outlined. Gregory is not interested in wealth, he does not care about his own well-being, he is ready to devote his life to what “so that every peasant can live freely and cheerfully throughout all holy Rus'!” That's why fate literary hero predetermined: life has in store for Grisha “glorious path, great name of the people’s intercessor”, but at the same time - "Consumption and Siberia". But the young man is not afraid of the upcoming trials, because he believes in the triumph of the cause to which he is ready to devote his whole life.

Almost all of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov’s contemporaries passed through Siberia, earning them consumption. Only “strong, loving souls”, according to the author, are embarking on a glorious but difficult path of struggle for the happiness of the people. Thus, answering the main question of the poem: “Who lives well in Rus'?” - the author gives a clear answer: to fighters for the people's happiness. This idea reveals the whole meaning of the poem.

• Images of landowners in Nekrasov’s poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”
• The image of Savely in Nekrasov’s poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”
• The image of Matryona in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”

Nekrasov, the great Russian writer, created many works in which he sought to reveal something new to the world. The poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” is no exception. The most important hero for revealing the theme is Grisha Dobrosklonov, a simple peasant with complex desires and thoughts.

Prototype

The last to be mentioned, but the first most important image of the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” is Grisha Dobrosklonov. According to the poet’s sister Butkevich A.A., the artist Dobrolyubov became the hero. Butkevich said this for a reason. Firstly, such statements were made by Nekrasov himself, and secondly, this is confirmed by the consonance of surnames, the character of the hero and the attitude of the prototype towards selfless and purposeful fighters acting on the side of the people.

Tverdokhlebov I. Yu. believes that the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov is a kind of cast of the features of such famous figures as Belinsky, Dobrolyubov and Chernyshevsky, who together create the ideal of a hero of the revolution. It should also be noted that Nekrasov did not ignore a new type of public figure - a populist, who combined the features of both a revolutionary and a religious activist.

Common features

The image of Grigory Dobrosklonov demonstrates that he is a prominent representative of the propagandist of the revolution, who seeks to prepare the masses for the fight against capitalist foundations. The features of this hero embodied the most romantic features of revolutionary youth.

When considering this hero, we must also take into account that Nekrasov began to create him in 1876, i.e., at a time when “going to the people” was already complicated by many factors. Some scenes of the work confirm that Grisha was preceded by “wandering” propagandists.

As for Nekrasov’s attitude towards ordinary working people, here he expressed his special attitude. He is a revolutionary who lived and grew up in Vakhlachin. People's Defender Grisha Dobrosklonov is a hero who knows his people well, understands all the troubles and sorrows that have befallen them. He is one of them, therefore he does not raise doubts or suspicions among an ordinary man. Grisha is the poet's hope, his bet on representatives of the revolutionary peasantry.

Composite image

The poet himself notes that in the image of Grisha he captured the features that were characteristic of the revolutionary-minded youth of the 1860-1870s, the French communards and progressive representatives of the peasantry. Researchers claim that the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov is somewhat schematic. But this is easily explained by the fact that Nekrasov was creating a new historical type of hero and could not fully portray in him everything he wanted. This was influenced by the conditions that accompanied the creation of the new type, and by the historical features of the time.

Nekrasov reveals his vision of a public figure, specifying deep historical roots the struggle of the people, depicting the spiritual and political connection of the hero with the fate and hopes of the people, systematizing them in the images of specific individuals and individual characteristics biographies.

Characteristics of the hero

The image of the people's defender Grisha Dobrosklonov describes a simple guy from the people who wants to fight with the established social strata. He stands on the same level as ordinary peasants and is no different from them. Already at the very beginning of its life path he learned what need, hunger and poverty are, and realized that these phenomena must be resisted. For him, the order that reigned in the seminary was the result of an unjust social structure. Already during his studies, he realized all the hardships of seminary life and was able to comprehend them.

In the 60s of the 19th century, seminarians grew up reading the works of freedom-loving Russian authors. Many writers emerged from among clerical students, for example, Pomyalovsky, Levitov, Chernyshevsky and others. Revolutionary tempering, closeness to the people and natural abilities make the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov a symbol of the people's leader. The character of the young seminarian contains characteristic youthful traits, such as spontaneity and shyness, combined with dedication and strong will.

Hero's feelings

Grisha Dobrosklonov is full of love, which he pours out on his suffering mother, on his homeland and people. The poem even contains a specific reflection of his love for ordinary people, whom he helps “to the best of his ability.” He reaps, mows, sows and celebrates holidays together with ordinary peasants. He loves spending time with other kids, wandering through the forest and picking mushrooms.

He sees his personal, personal happiness in the happiness of others, in peasant joy. It is not so easy to protect the humiliated, but Grisha Dobrosklonov does everything to ease the fate of the disadvantaged.

Revealing the image

Grisha reveals his feelings through songs, and through them he points the way to the happiness of a simple man. The first song is addressed to the intelligentsia, whom the hero seeks to encourage to protect the common people - this is what Grisha Dobrosklonov is all about. The characteristics of the next song can be explained simply: he motivates the people to fight, strives to teach the peasants “to be citizens.” After all, this is precisely the goal of his life - he longs to improve the life of the poor class.

The image of Grisha Dobrosklonov is revealed not only in songs, but also in his noble, radiant anthem. The seminarian devotes himself to chanting the time when revolution will become possible in Rus'. To explain whether there will be a revolution in the future or whether it has already sprouted its first shoots, Nekrasov used the image of the “third year,” which is mentioned four times in the poem. This is not a historical detail, the city burned to the ground is a symbol of the overthrow of the fortress foundations.

Conclusion

The awareness of wandering men who are trying to figure out who is living well in Rus', how they can use their powers to improve the lives of the people, is the result of the poem. They realized that the only way to make people happy is to eradicate the “fortress”, to make everyone free - Grisha Dobrosklonov pushes them to such an idea. The characteristics of his image emphasize the existence of two main problem lines: who is “happier” and who is “more sinful” - which are resolved as a result. The happiest for Grisha are the fighters for the people's happiness, and the most sinful are the traitors of the people. Grigory Dobrosklonov is a new revolutionary hero, the engine of historical force that will consolidate freedom.

Essay on the topic “The image of the people’s intercessor Grisha Dobrosklonov. 3.00 /5 (60.00%) 2 votes

In Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov’s poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” we see a huge variety of images and heroes. They are all different: rich and poor, workers and clergy, bares and princes. Each of the images is important and undoubtedly carries great meaning.
All the heroes of the poem can be divided into two groups. The first group are peasants and workers. These include Yakim Nagogo, Ermila Grinin, old man Savely, Ipat, Klim and other peasants. This group of people are simple workers who have fallen into economic dependence and cannot find real happiness. Each of them tells its own story, they are all different, but they have the same meaning: the difficult lot of the Russian people does not allow them to live calmly and happily. The peasants are in constant subordination, one might even say “slavery,” to their masters. Constantly busy with hard work, enduring all the hardships of everyday peasant life, people could “rest” only on holidays. The only entertainment for the working peasants was drinking. Bitter drunkenness killed many of them.
The second group is the boyars, princes - the ruling class. Many of the peasants are slavishly devoted to them and are happy that they can obey the boyars.

Among the diversity of all the heroes, one can single out one, not like everyone else. This is Grigory Dobrosklonov. Grisha is the son of a village sexton; he is one of the representatives of the peasantry in the poem. The life of this hero should be different from that of the peasants, because according to the law, serfdom should not have applied to church employees. But the life of Grigory Dobrosklonov and his relatives was no different from the life of other working peasants. The hero is close to peasant life, he experienced first-hand all the hardships and worries of the peasants. From childhood, Gregory was brave and was not afraid of work or hard life. This is how Nekrasov writes about him:
"And soon in the boy's heart
With love to the poor mother
Love for all size
Merged - and about fifteen years
Gregory already knew for sure
Who will he give his whole life to?
And for whom he will die.”
In support of the above, I quote: “In love for the people, he found something unshakable, some kind of unshakable and holy outcome to everything that tormented him. And if so, then, therefore, I did not find anything more holy, unshakable, truer than to bow to. He couldn’t rely on all self-justification only in poems about the people. And if so, then it follows that he bowed before the People’s Truth. If I did not find anything in my life more worthy of love than the people, then, therefore, I recognized both the People’s Truth, and the Truth in the people, and that the truth exists and is preserved only in the people. If he did not admit it completely consciously, not in conviction, then he recognized it in his heart, irresistibly, irresistibly. In this vicious peasant, whose humiliating and humiliating image tormented him so much, he found, therefore, something true and sacred, which he could not help but honor, to which he could not help but respond with all his heart.” (From “A Writer’s Diary”) S. A. Andreevsky.
We see that Gregory was ready to intercede, fight and, if necessary, fight for the people. In my opinion, Nekrasov compares this hero with himself and through his actions and words expresses his attitude to what is happening around him.
Grigory Dobrosklonov, who grew up in a poor family of a lazy and untalented sexton, in hunger and cold, was hardened by life from childhood. That is why he defined his life goal so early and never deviated from it.
The hero has such important qualities as the ability to compassion, intelligence, intelligence, strong beliefs, hard work, and physical health.
The significance of this hero in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” is great; we can say that the image of Grigory Dobrosklonov is main image throughout the poem.
Nekrasov with all his creativity, and in particular with this poem, wanted to convey to the people the need to fight for their lives, for better life, for your rights. The poet believed that the most important thing is to fight for happiness.
Using the example of other heroes, Nekrasov shows us the outcome of people who want to “go with the flow,” who are lazy and believe that nothing will work out for them. For example, Yakim Nagoy saw his happiness in drinking, like many others. Many of the peasants believed that they needed to wait a while and everything would work out on its own. This opinion is wrong; the poet calls on everyone to live like Grisha Dobrosklonov, like a true fighter for the happiness of the people. Nekrasov writes that “incalculable power” lurks in the Russian people. Only this power was used in an unnecessary direction. The poet called on the peasants to fight for their lives, for happiness and a decent future. Grigory Dobrosklonov, a courageous, strong and brave hero, was “appointed” as a role model for Nekrasov.