", A.N. Ostrovsky reveals several problematic lines to readers, thereby making the plot fascinating and exciting.
Of course, the main problematic line of the play is the attempt to free herself and her soul from the oppressive oppression of her relatives. Life in the estate was a real punishment for her. Therefore, as the plot develops, we become fascinated by the problematic line of love that arises between Katerina and Boris.
Why does this girl have loving feelings not for her husband, but for someone else’s man? Yes, because she didn't love. She married him only because he did not dislike her. She never experienced real feelings of love for Tikhon Kabanov. Therefore, she is overcome by real love emotions, which the girl experiences for the first time in her life. And she can't resist them.
What attracted her to Boris? He was not like the rest of the inhabitants of her estate. He looked like a man of a new generation. It is he who changes not only inner world Katerina, but also her general worldview.
Chatting with her, she tells her about her dreams, that she no longer sees trees and birds. She feels the call of her native voice, she experiences a passionate embrace. It is precisely such changes in her consciousness that lead to that risky step. She goes on a date with her lover. Her brave act was done not only to meet love feelings. She yearns for freedom and liberation from domestic oppression, he has eternal clashes with Kabanikha, from the weak-willed Tikhon.
Katerina experiences with Boris wonderful feelings love, but, as we see further, the girl’s heart is wrong. Boris differed from the representatives of the “dark kingdom” only in his appearance. In fact, he was just as cowardly and spineless as Tikhon. He was afraid of the influence of his uncle Dikiy, which is why he could not protect poor Katerina from the shame and ridicule that fell on the girl after admitting her betrayal. Boris does not take his beloved with him. He leaves her among those callous and cruel people. And how does the girl behave? She is not angry, does not scold Boris, but only quietly and tenderly says goodbye to him. Her love was so high and pure. She was the highest value in life for Katerina.
After parting with Boris, Katerina decides to free herself from the heavy burden of life and jumps from a river cliff into the raging waves of the Volga. The girl dies, but at the same time her soul is freed from the cruel and hypocritical world of tyrants from the “dark kingdom”.
Why did Katerina decide to fall in love with Boris? Literary Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" URGENT!!! and got the best answer
Answer from Madam_freud[guru]
Boris did not flaunt his masculine qualities. Probably the reason was that she lacked something pure in the stuffy atmosphere of Kabanikha’s house. And love for Boris was this pure, did not allow Katerina to completely wither away, somehow supported her. She went on a date with Boris because she felt like a person with pride and basic rights. It was a rebellion against submission to fate, against lawlessness. Katerina knew that she was committing a sin, but she also knew that it was still impossible to live any longer. She sacrificed the purity of her conscience to freedom and Boris.
Answer from Liudmila Sharukhia[guru]
Katerina for a long time tries to adapt to the way of life in the Kabanov family. But then he can’t stand it. Her love for Boris is a kind of protest against oppression, humiliation and slavery. How does Katerina see Boris? Of course, he seems to her to be completely different from Tikhon and most of the people around her. Every person, having fallen in love, tends to idealize the object of his love, and, of course, Katerina is no exception. She idealizes her beloved, he seems to her stronger, nobler and more exalted than he really is.
However, the young man compares favorably with the bulk of Ostrovsky’s characters. He looks smarter and more educated. He is cultured and educated. But at the same time, Boris is weak, and therefore inactive and goes with the flow. He even brought misfortune to the woman he loved. Katerina gave him everything she could, sacrificed her honor, even her life. Boris did not have the courage to help the poor woman standing on the edge of the abyss.
From the very beginning, Boris knew that loving a married woman was a crime. He noticed Katerina a long time ago, but did not dare to get to know her. When Boris has a conversation with Kudryash about love, he tells him about local customs: “We are free about this. The girls go out as they please, father and mother don’t care. Only women are locked up.” And then Boris admits that he is in love with married woman. Kudryash persuades him to give up this idea, because such love should be prohibited. “After all, this means,” says Kudryash, “you want to completely ruin her, Boris Grigoryich! ”
What is Boris's reaction to these words? He assures in every possible way that in no case does he want to destroy the woman he loves: “God forbid! Save me, Lord! No, Curly, how can you! Do I want to destroy her? I just want to see her somewhere, I don’t need anything else.”
Katerina is open to the world like a child. She gives her all without getting anything in return. Katerina’s trouble is that Boris turned out to be unworthy of her love. With apparent positive qualities he is actually a petty selfish person who only thinks about himself. Katerina's love for him is just entertainment, although he is trying to prove to her that he acts solely by succumbing to the power of passion. When Boris finds out that Katerina’s husband has left for two weeks, he rejoices: “Oh, so we’ll go for a walk! There’s plenty of time.” These simple phrases speak perfectly about his attitude towards Katerina and their connection.
Boris submits to the will of his uncle, who sends him to Siberia. The scene of Katerina’s farewell to her beloved shows how difficult it is for a woman and how restrained Boris behaves. He says: “What can you talk about me! I am a free bird.”
Boris’s words seem monstrous: “Well, God be with you! There is only one thing we need to ask God for: that she die as soon as possible, so that she does not suffer for a long time! Goodbye! " And these words are spoken by a man about the woman he loves! He doesn’t even try to ease her fate, or at least console her. Boris simply wishes her death. And this is Katerina’s retribution for happiness that lasted only ten days!
Selected natures have their own destiny. Only he is not outside of them: they carry him in their own hearts. When she comes on her first date with Boris, from the first words she showers him with reproaches for ruining her.
“Why have you come, my destroyer?” she says. “After all, I’m married, because I have to live with my husband until the grave, until the grave.” “After all, what am I preparing for myself? Where do I belong, you know?
Calm down, sit down.
Well, how come you didn’t ruin me if I left the house at night and came to you.
It was your will.
I have no will. If I had my own will, I would not have gone to you. ( He raises his eyes and looks at Boris. A little silence.) Your will is over me now, don’t you see! ( She throws herself on his neck.)
Eh! Why feel sorry for me, it’s no one’s fault, she went for it herself. Don’t be sorry, ruin me, let everyone know, let everyone see what I do. If I was not afraid of sin for you, will I be afraid of human judgment? They say that it is even easier when you suffer for some sin here on earth.
The whole character is visible again. Again Russian motives. With some kind of voluptuousness, with some kind of daring, she is already thinking about the minute when everyone will learn about her fall and dreams of the sweetness of being publicly executed for her act. What kind of despotism could have an influence on such a nature after this? If she were surrounded by the most kind people, having committed her sin, she would have been executed and grieved in the same way. There might not have been a suicide, but her life would still have been ruined. Such commoner women as the author gives us make no concessions either to social justice, or to the demands of youth, or even to the all-healing time. If she were a developed woman, she would find justification for her love both in man’s thirst to experience happiness on earth, and in her bitter lot, and, finally, in the legality in which she herself would clothe her love. All these higher considerations are completely alien to Katerina. What in ordinary language is called a misdemeanor, in her concept is a grave, mortal sin, worthy of all the torments of hell.
<…>How, they say, could Katerina fall in love with such a vulgar gentleman as Boris! Among so many prominent and bright faces in the drama, this face really strikes the eye with its impersonality and insignificance. Not a single property that makes up the character is indicated directly and positively by the author. The flabbiness and passivity of this face appear in him as if by themselves, without the knowledge of the author. All this is true, but what of it? Could Katerina now find out what kind of person he was? She fell in love with him without speaking a single word to him; on the first date I came to him as a stranger; Before she saw him, her heart was already demanding love. She liked him because he endures grief just as much as she does. Finally, she simply fell in love with his face, and she fell in love with Boris. You never know who and why women love, the most developed ones, unlike Katerina in this regard, a simple and spontaneous woman.
Dostoevsky M.M. ""Storm". Drama in five acts by A.N. Ostrovsky"
Read also other topics of analysis of the drama "The Thunderstorm":
Dobrolyubov N.A. "A ray of light in dark kingdom"
Lesson topic: “Who is to blame for the death of Katerina?” (Katerina’s love in A.N. Ostrovsky’s play “The Thunderstorm”)
The purpose of the lesson:-analyze the image of the heroine; understand why she decided to love Boris, what this love led to.
Find out Katerina's suicide - strength or weakness.
Find out Katerina’s character traits, why she cannot live according to the laws of the “dark kingdom”.
Learn to conduct research work according to the text.
Learn to express your opinion.
Lesson form: dispute
Methodical techniques: conversation with analysis of episodes, student reports, musical accompaniment, use of film and illustrations .
Equipment: A. N. Ostrovsky's play "The Thunderstorm", illustrations for the play, portraits of the actresses who played Katerina, the film "The Thunderstorm", musical accompaniment, poems by A. Dementyev and P. Vegin .
During the classes:
Organizing time.
Organize the group for work, mark those who are absent.
Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.
Love is stronger than death, stronger than the fear of death.
(I.S. Turgenev)
Music sounds: romance “Under the caress of a plush blanket” - 2 min 35 sec.
What kind of love is sung about in the romance? (love is self-sacrifice, which leads to death).
For the main character of the play “The Thunderstorm,” love also led to death.
The topic of our lesson: “Do not tempt me by loving!” (Katerina’s love in A.N. Ostrovsky’s play “The Thunderstorm”)
Epigraph of the lesson: “Love is stronger than death, stronger than the fear of death.”
How do you understand these words?
When a person loves, he is ready to do anything, ready to sacrifice himself for the sake of his beloved, ready to perform a feat in the name of love. The main character of the play, Katerina, is ready to sacrifice a lot in the name of love, even her principles; she throws herself into the pool, without fear of God's punishment.
We must figure out why Katerina decided to love Boris, why Katerina committed suicide, Katerina’s death - victory or defeat, identify Katerina’s character traits, why she cannot live according to the laws of the “dark kingdom”, what are the origins of Katerina’s character. We conduct the lesson in the form of a debate, in which you must express your opinion - is Katerina’s love a weakness or a strength? Katerina's suicide - is it a victory or a defeat? Can this be called Katerina’s protest against the “dark kingdom”? During the lesson, each of you should form your own own opinion on this matter, which you will express during the debate.
Implementation homework.
To better understand the image of Katerina and its incompatibility with the norm and morality of the “dark kingdom,” let us remember the previous lesson, the life and customs of the city of Kalinov, after completing the tasks.
Assignments: “Do you know the play “The Thunderstorm” (handout)
Students read the question and answer it orally
Homework question: Which of the characters in the play is neither a “victim” nor a “master” of the city of Kalinov? (Katerina Kabanova). Why? (She does not subordinate anyone to herself and does not know how to obey herself)
New material.
1) Katerina's character traits.
Katerina, the main character of Ostrovsky’s play, does not obey the “masters” of life (Kabanikha and Dikiy), the laws of the dark kingdom are alien to her, she lives as her conscience tells her. The names of the heroes have symbolic meaning: Katerina – Greek. “cleanliness”, “decency”; but the name of Kabanikha is Martha - Greek. “mistress”, “mistress”, that’s how she feels in the play; Kabanikha’s daughter – Varvara – from Greek “foreign”, “rude”. This is Katerina because of her character.
What character traits are evident from Katerina’s very first remarks? (read out remarks) - inability to be a hypocrite, directness.
From the very first remarks of Katerina, conflict is felt.
Where did such character traits of Katerina come from, if the city of Kalinov lives according to different principles? (upbringing in childhood, in home)
Let's compare Katerina's life in Kabanikha's house and in her parents' house.
At the parents' house:
- “like a bird in the wild”
- “mama doted on her”
- “they were not forced to work”
- “I embroidered, went to church, walked”
In her parents' house, Katerina felt the cordial attitude of her relatives, relative freedom, listened to the stories of wanderers, praying prayers, and attended church. Hence Katerina has a painful impressionability and a romantic attitude towards life.
In Kabanikha's house:
-"withered like a flower"
- “They scold you out of love”
- “everything is under duress”
- “He won’t be afraid of me, and even less so of you”
In Kabanova’s house, Katerina experienced her mother-in-law’s cruel attitude towards her, which caused a constant spiritual rebellion, and Tikhon did not understand Katerina. And he lived according to Kabanikha’s orders.
The influence of life with the Kabanovs on Katerina:
A) Awareness of one’s doom
B) Isolation, disappointment in family life.
C) Passionate desire for freedom, love, happiness.
Now let's find out the character traits main character and what is her conflict with those around her?
Katerina's character traits - principles of life in Kabanikha's house
Love of freedom - submission
Independence - giving up one's will
Self-esteem – humiliation by reproaches and suspicions
Dreaminess and poetry - lack of spiritual principles
Religiosity - religious hypocrisy
Decisiveness - not letting one live according to one’s will (captivity)
Kindness, selflessness - rudeness and abuse
Honesty, spontaneity - deception
Conclusion: For Katerina, the main thing is to live according to your soul, but for Kabanikha, the main thing is to subjugate and not let you live according to your own way. A sharp contrast arises here - an irreconcilable conflict ensues.
Your opinion on the question: How does Katerina differ from the residents of the city of Kalinova? (spontaneity, kindness, sincerity, honesty, etc.)
Is Katerina’s desire for freedom a protest or a state of mind? (Students' opinions)
2) Katerina’s love for Boris – a protest or a sincere feeling?
Love is driving force plot. What is love? Definition according to Ozhegov’s dictionary (Love of children, parents, friends, high feeling)
1) all the characters talk about love, and especially Katerina.
2) It's about about different loves (love of parents, friendship, sons
and about love as a high spiritual feeling.)
3) The first and last remarks about love belong to Katerina.
4) In 4.D, where the scene of Katerina’s repentance is described, there are no lines at all with the word “love”
Is Katerina’s tragedy a tragedy of love or conscience?
Poem by A. Dementyev “The soul does not want change”
Love not only elevates.
Love sometimes destroys us.
Breaks destinies and hearts...
Beautiful in her desires,
She can be so dangerous
Like an explosion, like nine grams of lead.
She bursts in suddenly.
And you can no longer tomorrow
Don't see a cute face.
Love not only elevates.
Love accomplishes and decides everything.
And we go into this captivity.
And we don’t dream of freedom.
While the dawn rises in the soul,
The soul does not want change.
So Katerina’s love is not only a sublime feeling, but a destructive feeling, which played a fatal role in her fate and led the heroine to death. Cases of suicide in the patriarchal merchant world were not isolated - we will see this from the history of the creation of the play “The Thunderstorm” (student report)
“On the instructions of His Imperial Highness, Admiral General, Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich, prominent Russian writers who already had travel experience and a taste for essayistic prose were sent around the country for new materials for the “Sea Collection”. They were supposed to study and describe folk crafts associated with the sea, lakes and rivers, methods of local shipbuilding and navigation, the situation of domestic fisheries and the very state of Russian waterways.
Ostrovsky got the Upper Volga from source to Nizhny Novgorod. And he got down to business with enthusiasm.”
“In the ancient dispute between the Volga cities about which of them, by the will of Ostrovsky, was turned into Kalinov (the setting of the play “The Thunderstorm”), arguments in favor of Kineshma, Tver, and Kostroma are most often heard. The debaters seemed to have forgotten about Rzhev, and yet Rzhev was clearly involved in the birth of the mysterious plan of “The Thunderstorm”!
It is not known exactly where “The Thunderstorm” was written - at a dacha near Moscow or in Shchelykovo on the Volga, but it was created with amazing speed, truly by inspiration, in a few months of 1859.
For quite a long time, it was believed that Ostrovsky took the plot of “The Thunderstorm” from the life of the Kostroma merchants, that it was based on the Klykov case, which was sensational in Kostroma at the end of the summer of 1859. Until the beginning of the 20th century, Kostroma residents proudly pointed to the site of Katerina’s suicide - a gazebo at the end of a small boulevard, which in those years literally hung over the Volga. They also showed the house where she lived, next to the Church of the Assumption. And when “The Thunderstorm” was first performed on the stage of the Kostroma Theater, the actors made up “like the Klykovs.”
Kostroma local historians then thoroughly examined the “Klykovo Case” in the archives and, with documents in hand, came to the conclusion that it was this story that Ostrovsky used in his work on “The Thunderstorm.” The coincidences were almost literal. A.P. Klykova was extradited at the age of sixteen to a gloomy and unsociable merchant family, consisting of old parents, a son and an unmarried daughter. The mistress of the house, stern and obstinate, depersonalized her husband and children with her despotism. She forced her young daughter-in-law to do any menial work and refused her requests to see her family.
At the time of the drama, Klykova was 19 years old. In the past, she was brought up in love and affection by her doting grandmother, she was cheerful, cheerful, and lively. Now she found herself unkind and alien in the family. Her young husband, Klykov, a carefree and apathetic man, could not protect his wife from the oppression of his mother-in-law and treated her indifferently. The Klykovs had no children. And then another man stood in the way of the young woman, Maryin, an employee at the post office. Suspicions and scenes of jealousy began. It ended with the fact that on November 10, 1859, the body of A.P. Klykova was found in the Volga. A long trial began, which received wide publicity even outside the Kostroma province, and none of the Kostroma residents doubted that Ostrovsky had used the materials of this case in “The Thunderstorm.”
Many decades passed before researchers of Ostrovsky’s work established for sure that “The Thunderstorm” was written before the Kostroma merchant Klykova rushed into the Volga. Ostrovsky began work on “The Thunderstorm” in June-July 1859 and finished it on October 9 of the same year.
We can conclude that such cases happened among the merchants, because the patriarchal foundations of society did not allow them to live freely, independently, but subjugated and enslaved. A woman could not love whoever she wanted, she was not married for love, and she had to accept her fate.
Katerina Kabanova did not accept it, just like A.P. Klykova.
Reading the dialogue between Katerina and Varvara (D.2, episode 2)
Who did Katerina fall in love with?
Why does Varvara guess about Katerina’s love?
What can be said about the principles of the Kabanov house? How did Varvara adapt?
Katerina fell in love with Boris, but Katerina’s conscience, her religiosity does not allow her to transgress the moral law - to cheat on her husband. Katerina’s torment was noticed by Varvara, who adapted to the laws of the “dark kingdom”, learned to deceive, and secretly from her mother met with her beloved Kudryash. It is Varvara who arranges a meeting between Katerina and Boris when Tikhon leaves on business.
Analysis of the scene “Tikhon’s Farewell” D2, appearances 3,4,5.
(Reading by roles)
How do the characters behave in this scene, how does this characterize them?
What significance does this scene have in the development of events?
(In this scene, Kabanikha’s despotism is revealed to the extreme, Tikhon’s complete inability not only to protect, but also to understand Katerina is revealed. This scene explains Katerina’s decision to go on a date with Boris.)
How does Tikhon behave before leaving?
(To understand Tikhon’s state of mind before leaving, you need to clearly imagine his position in his mother’s house, his desire to be free from care for at least two weeks. With a feeling of relief, Tikhon pronounces his line: “Yes, sir, mamma, it’s time.” But it turns out that That’s not all. His mother demands that he give Katerina instructions on how to live without him. Tikhon understands that by fulfilling his mother’s will, he is humiliating his wife.
When Kabanikha’s instructions become completely offensive, Tikhon tries to object to Katerina’s bullying, but his mother is adamant, and he quietly, embarrassed, as if apologizing to his wife, says: “Don’t look at the guys!” Kabanikha’s goal is to bring her family and, above all, the wayward Katerina to complete obedience)
Analysis of a monologue with a key. D 2, appearance 10.
Let's try to understand why Katerina fell in love with Boris?
We will find the answer in Dobrolyubov’s article: “For her, her whole life lies in this passion; all the strength of her nature, all her living aspirations merge here. What attracts her to Boris is not just the fact that she likes him, that he is different in appearance and speech from the rest of those around her, she is drawn to him by her need for love, which has not found a response in her husband, and by the offended feeling of a wife and woman, and the mortal melancholy of her monotonous life, and the desire for freedom, space, hot, unfettered freedom.”
Reading a monologue (read by a student)
What feelings does Katerina experience, how are these feelings reflected in her speech? What is the significance of the scene?
(Here the victory of Katerina’s natural feeling over the dogmas of house-building is revealed. Katerina’s speech is full of short, abrupt interrogative and exclamation sentences, repetitions, comparisons conveying the tension of Katerina’s feelings.
After the excited introduction, Katerina’s bitter thoughts about life in captivity follow. Speech becomes more restrained and balanced. Katerina disputes the initial decision to throw the key: “What a sin is it if I look at it once, even from a distance! Yes, at least I’ll talk!.. But he himself didn’t want to.” This part of the monologue is accompanied by remarks: after thinking, silence, thinking, thoughtfully looking at the key, characterizing Katerina’s condition.
The monologue ends with a strong outburst of feelings: “I would even die to see him...”
Love choice dooms Katerina to torment. She meets with Boris.
Excerpt from the film “The Thunderstorm” (scene “Date”)
What is the difficulty? internal state Katerina?
(Katerina commits deception and stands on a par with Varvara; this is not typical of Katerina’s nature. The author shows the evolution of the heroine’s state of mind - from confusion to assertion of the right to love. Katerina “quietly walks down the path,.. with her eyes cast on the ground,” addresses to Boris “with fear, but without raising his eyes”, “raises his eyes and looks at Boris”, “throws himself at his neck.”)
How is Katerina’s struggle with herself shown in these monologues? (her monologues are intense, emotional, it is not the mind that speaks in them, but the heart.)
How is Katerina’s determination expressed? (decided on love with Boris, acted at the behest of the heart, not the law)
Conclusion: Katerina’s love is a sincere feeling, she is not capable of hypocrisy and pretending, she acts at the behest of her heart, violating the moral and religious law - cheating on her husband, and Tikhon did not strive to win Katerina’s love, but lived according to the orders and instructions of his “mama”, therefore Katerina did not find support and love in him, so she is looking for it on the side.
So. Is Katerina’s love a sincere feeling or a protest? (students' opinions )
Repentance of Katerina (D.4, Rev. 6)
After her husband’s arrival, Katerina “simply became her own person... She’s trembling all over, as if she’s got a fever; so pale, rushing around the house, as if looking for something. The eyes are like those of a madwoman."
Why did the changes occur in Katerina? (Katerina was religious, cheating on her husband, she committed a grave sin, she committed deception, which is contrary to her nature, so Katerina has a hard time in her soul, it is easier for her to confess and repent)
Since the drama is called “The Thunderstorm,” the thunderstorm motif is present throughout the entire play. Let's try to figure out how the title of the play determines the actions of the main character.
What do you think is the meaning of the title?
(Thunderstorm - in nature - the motif of an approaching thunderstorm is constantly heard.
The storm in Katerina’s soul - disagreement with the morality of the “dark kingdom”, the desire to live according to her heart’s wishes, love for Boris, leads to confusion of the soul.
There is a storm in society - a conflict is brewing, the reluctance of many to live according to the norms and
rules of house-building, in an unfree society free feelings awaken.)
Thunderstorm in nature - refreshing
Thunderstorm in the soul - cleanses
A thunderstorm in society enlightens.
How the residents of Kalinov perceived the thunderstorm (as a divine phenomenon. As punishment from God, Katerina is no exception, she is afraid of thunderstorms, following religious motives)
How is the repentance scene motivated? (read an excerpt from the play)
(A thunderstorm is approaching, which, according to the Kalinovites, “is being sent to us as punishment.” The gloomy flavor is intensified by the action scene - instead of a panorama of the Volga, there is a narrow gallery with oppressive arches. Katerina is now “unarmed.” She is hurt by both Kabanikha’s hints and Tikhon’s affectionate joke. Affection the husband to whom she is guilty is torture for her)
What is the difference in Katerina’s state of mind in D.1 and D.4?
(The difference in Katerina’s state of mind is also expressed in her exclamations after the lady’s departure in D.1: “Oh, how she scared me, I’m trembling all over, as if she was prophesying something for me; D.4: “Oh, I’m dying!” Katerina awaits God's punishment. She seeks protection from God, kneels down and sees in front of her an image of hell. This is how Ostrovsky leads to the climax of the play - the scene of repentance.)
D.4.yav.6. - Read the passage. What feelings does Katerina have now?
(If in the monologue with the key and in the meeting scene the victory of love in Katerina’s soul is revealed, then in the scene of repentance the power of the norms of religious morality weighing on Katerina is clearly revealed.)
(If Katerina had hidden her sin, learned to pretend and deceive, and continued to go on dates with Boris, then this would have meant that Katerina had adapted to the surrounding society, reconciled with its moral principles and despotism)
What explains Katerina's repentance?
(Katerina’s repentance is explained not only by the fear of God’s punishment, but also by the fact that her high morality rebels against the deception that entered her life. She said about herself: “I don’t know how to deceive, I can’t hide anything.” For Katerina’s moral assessment of her actions and thoughts constitutes an important aspect of spiritual life, and in Katerina’s popular recognition one can see an attempt to atone for her guilt, to severely punish herself, an attempt at moral cleansing.)
Could Katerina find a way to save her soul? Why? (students' opinions)
Farewell to Boris. (D.5, Rev. 3.4)
(Reading passage)
The romance “And lastly I’ll say” sounds
Katerina rushes into the Volga, not reconciled with the laws of the “dark kingdom”.
Why couldn’t Boris save Katerina (He was a “victim” of the “dark kingdom”, lived under the influence of the Wild One, and could not disobey him, obeyed him and could not, like Katerina, oppose captivity because of the fear of the “victim”)
What can be concluded?
Conclusion: Katerina never betrayed herself, she decided to love at the behest of her heart, she admitted to betrayal out of an inner sense of freedom (a lie is lack of freedom), says goodbye to Boris not only because of the feeling of love, but also because he suffered because of her, she rushed into the Volga at the request of a free soul.
Prove that Katerina's death is a protest.
(Timic Tikhon blames his mother for his wife’s death, Varvara runs away from home)
Who will pray for the heroines who died for love?
Poem by P. Vegin “Keeper of the Hearth”
You are destroying the hearth.
The blue fire is boiling
In desperate eyes.
Warrior in love
What is drama to you, what is shame?
And you destroy the house
To build a temple.
The heroine of the play, destroying her family, went to love, experienced moments of happiness, built a temple of love, probably the goddess of love will pray for her soul.
Will the city of Kalinov be able to live as before after Katerina’s death? (students' opinions)
Work according to the textbook (Reserve)
The role of Katerina was played by many actresses, everyone had different approaches to the interpretation of this image
"Performers of the roles of Katerina"
1- Kositskaya
2-Fedotova
3-Strepetova
4-Ermolova
5-Tarasova
6-Kozyreva
Work according to the textbook: How did the actresses embody the image of Katerina?
Conclusion: Diverse stage incarnations are a continuation of the debate: is it strength or weakness? Protest or humility?
6.Critics about the play.
“What is a critic supposed to do here?”
Student message
Dobrolyubov “A Ray of Light in the Dark Kingdom”
- “Thunderstorm” is the revolutionary forces maturing in the depths of Russia
The critic noted strong, rebellious motives in the character of Katerina
In Katerina we see a protest against Kabanov’s concepts of morality.
Katerina is a healthy person. Who found the determination to end this rotten life at any cost.
D. Pisarev “Motives of Russian drama”
Katerina is a “crazy dreamer”
Katerina's whole life consists of internal contradictions
She constantly goes from one extreme to another
She confuses her life and the lives of others at every step.
Having confused everything, she cuts through the lingering knots with the most stupid means - suicide.
Apollon Grigoriev
I saw in Katerina the poetry of folk life
He noted the beauty of nature, the Volga, against the backdrop of which the action unfolds: “It’s as if not an artist, but an entire people created here!”
7. Fastening.
T eating task.
Lesson summary.
So, in class we looked at the image of the main character of Ostrovsky’s play “The Thunderstorm”, what conclusion can we draw about her? (strong, decisive, capable of love, defending her feelings, but unable to lie, deceive, fearing God - all this led the heroine to death)
Disassemble the diagram. (Met Zolotareva p. 196) – draw a conclusion from the lesson
Give ratings.
Lesson conclusion: Katerina is a strong personality who knew how to love, is ready to sacrifice herself in the name of love, but she is honest, sincere and therefore she is not able to pretend, deceive, i.e. to live according to the laws of the “dark kingdom”, she chose a way out - suicide, in order to rid herself and her soul of remorse and get away from the norms and rules of the city of Kalinov.
The romance “Love is a magical land” sounds
9. D/z
Write a description literary hero–Katerina according to plan (see stand)
In his article “A Ray of Light in the Dark Kingdom,” A. N. Dobrolyubov wrote: “The Thunderstorm is, without a doubt, Ostrovsky’s most decisive work... There is even something refreshing and encouraging in The Thunderstorm.” .
“The Thunderstorm” was written by Ostrovsky after his trip along the Volga as part of a literary expedition. This trip helped the playwright more accurately and vividly depict the life, customs, and general atmosphere of provincial cities of the 19th century, and recreate typical and vibrant characters.
One of the leading lines in the drama is the relationship between Katerina and Boris, since these relationships play a large role in the tragedy that plays out in the play.
Katerina is a proud, strong-willed, but impressionable and dreamy woman. She was brought up in an atmosphere of love and joy, lived among pious and nature-loving people, was free to manage her life as she wanted, which is why she often and joyfully remembers her home. Now she is married to a weak, weak-willed Tikhon, who is completely subordinate to his mother. A spiritualized, poetic, bright and romantic nature, she ended up in a house where strict laws, lies, hypocrisy, hypocrisy reign, where the tyrant Kabanikha rules, who no longer gives life to anyone. Freedom-loving and open-minded Katerina constantly feels the heavy moral oppression of her mother-in-law; she is forced to patiently endure her unfair, endless reproaches. This house is a prison for her, everything here is done “out of captivity.” Next to Katerina there is no soul mate, no person who could understand and support her.
But then Boris appears in the city, who differs from other residents of Kalinov in appearance, manners, European clothes, and education. Not knowing his inner world, Katerina creates in her soul an image that is unlike the real Boris in its qualities, but capable of evoking her deep and selfless love.
Who is Boris really, what is he like? Since childhood, Boris was raised with his sister in Moscow. Their parents loved them and gave them an excellent education, but then they died of cholera: “My sister and I were left orphans.” And then Boris’s grandmother died, leaving the entire inheritance to his uncle - a tyrant and a rude man, but the richest man in the city - Dikiy, ordering him to pay the required share to his nephews if they were respectful to him. However, Dikoy is not the kind of person to part with his money. And Boris patiently endures his uncle’s bullying, being confident in advance that neither he nor his sister will receive a penny from Dikiy.
Having fallen in love with Katerina, Boris does not think about the future, about the misfortune that he can bring to a married woman, which is obvious to others. Even the narrow-minded but freedom-loving Kudryash anxiously warns him: “Eh, Boris Grigoryich, stop annoying me!.. After all, this means you want to ruin her completely... But what kind of people are here! You know it yourself. They will eat you, they will hammer you into the coffin... Just watch - don’t cause trouble for yourself, and don’t get her into trouble either! Let’s face it, even though her husband is a fool, her mother-in-law is painfully fierce.” Boris does not think about Katerina, follows his feelings, and this reflects his lack of character, lack of life guidelines and clear moral principles.
For sincere and deep religious Catherine love for Boris is a sin, and not only before the lawful husband, but also before God. This is the reason for her internal conflict, her conscience is restless. However, in Boris Katerina sees strong personality, capable of giving her support and protection, freeing her from the cramped and stuffy home of Kabanikha. Katerina’s love is strong, deep, selfless, the girl is ready to sacrifice even her own moral principles as a sacrifice to this feeling: “If I was not afraid of sin for you, will I be afraid of human judgment?”
And yet, making a free choice, Katerina experiences her betrayal very hard. For her, this is a sin against her conscience, but she is ready to sacrifice her life for the sake of her loved one, knowing that any sins are atoned for by suffering. It is not human rumor that worries her, but the purity of her own soul, and we see that until the very tragic end, Katerina does not betray herself. Material from the site
What about Boris? When, at the beginning of the first date, Katerina drives him away, exclaiming in despair: “Well, how come you didn’t ruin me, if I left the house and went to you at night,” Boris cowardly justifies himself: “That was your will.” . This is all his love - weak, indecisive, sluggish, capable of taking, but not giving. After all, by and large, he has nothing to lose: he is a new person in the city, as he came, he will leave, a “free Cossack.” Having learned that their relationship has been discovered, he leaves at the behest of his uncle, leaving his beloved woman alone, despite the fact that he could have saved her by taking her with him, despite the bad feeling. It’s only enough to lament: “There’s only one thing we need to ask God for: that she die as soon as possible, so that she doesn’t suffer for a long time.” Thus, love did not elevate or inspire him, but only turned out to be a new, heavy burden that aggravated his situation in life. People like Boris are not hardened by life's trials, but rather bent to the ground.
Katerina, even with her death, expressed a protest against the darkness, savagery, limitations of patriarchal life, against the stuffy atmosphere of Kalinov, and in this protest the author’s faith in the spiritual strength of the Russian people and the expectation of future changes in Russian social life were revealed.
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On this page there is material on the following topics:
- why did Katerina choose Boris
- love story of Katerina and Boris
- what's in the coffin, what's on earth, quote from Katerina in a thunderstorm
- why did Boris patiently endure the bullying of the wild
- relationship between Catherine and Boris