Colonel is feminine. In Belarus there were female colonels who aim to become generals

Professions in the feminine gender

As in Russian, in French there are a number of nouns denoting a profession that do not have the form female.

Françoise Sagan est l'auteur de beaucoup de romances, c'est un braillant écrivain.

Marguerite Yourcenar a été la première académicienne.

Some writers touched upon this problem in their works, forming the feminine form of a number of nouns denoting a profession, but not all were recognized as the norm of the language, such as: chirurgienne and professeuse (Voltaire), doctrice (Balzac), autrice (Retief de la Breton), compostrice (Proudhon), ministresse (Proust), sculptrice (Girado), etc.

Feminine education

In most cases, nouns denoting a profession form the feminine form according to the rule for the formation of the feminine gender of nouns:

- masculine form + e: avocate, enseignante, etc.

- do not change the form if the masculine word ends in -e: journaliste, biologiste, fleuriste, etc.

- -er change to - ière: ouvrière, romancière, boulangère, épicière, etc.

- -on, -en (ien) I changes to – onne, -enne (-ienne): patronne, technicienne, informaticienne, etc.

- -eur changes to -euse: danseuse, vendeuse, serveuse, etc.

- - teur changes to - trice: factrice, institutrice, actrice, dessinatrice, etc.

The noun chanteur has two feminine forms: cantatrice (opera), chanteuse (variety).

Some feminine forms were formed using a suffix - esse, charesse, doctoresse, poétesse, mairesse, maîtresse, etc., today these forms are not used or are preserved in colloquial speech, with the exception of maîtressed'école (professeurdes écoles, but maître des conférences(enseignateà l'université) does not change), maîtresse de maison.

As we have already said, there are a number of nouns denoting a profession that do not have a feminine form. This is due to the fact that previously women did not work in all professions when these specialties became available and female, not all nouns are feminine.

Thus, as a rule, most nouns relating to the army and construction do not have a feminine gender: charpentier, menuisier, soldat, colonel, also policier, pompier, etc. In this case, the word femme is often used to denote the feminine gender: unefemmepolicier, unefemmecolonel, unefemmepompier, etc. In the Literary language, in the absence of the word femme, it remains men's uniform article: Camille Claudel est un sculpteur brilliant; cette femme est un metteur en scène connu; j'ai un rendez-vous avec Marie, le professeur de ma fille, Françoise Sagan est un auteur renommé.

In spoken French, a feminine article is allowed before these nouns: uneprofesser, uneingénieure, uneministre. The feminine article is often used with abbreviations: la prof d’italien.

Some " male professions” still have a feminine form: uneréalisatrice, uneacadémicienne, uneambassadrice. As a rule, these nouns denote the wives of men holding the corresponding position: madame la colonelle – le femme du colonel. Madame l’ambassadrice is la femme de l’ambassadeur, and also a diplomat. If ambassadrice has two meanings - the wife of an ambassador and the position of a diplomat, then la maréchale or la colonelle only means the wife of a marshal and colonel. If the woman is a colonel, madame le colonel, madame le président, madame le ministre, etc. are used.

1. Independent parts of speech:

nouns (see morphological norms of nouns);
Verbs:
- participles;
- participles;
adjectives;
numerals;
pronouns;
adverbs;

2. Functional parts of speech:

prepositions;
unions;
particles;

3. Interjections.

The following do not fall into any of the classifications (according to the morphological system) of the Russian language:

the words yes and no, if they act as an independent sentence.
introductory words: so, by the way, total, as a separate sentence, as well as a number of other words.

Morphological analysis of a noun

initial form in the nominative case, singular (except for nouns used only in plural: scissors, etc.);
proper or common noun;
animate or inanimate;
gender (m,f, avg.);
number (singular, plural);
declination;
case;
syntactic role in a sentence.

Plan for morphological analysis of a noun

"The baby drinks milk."

Baby (answers the question who?) – noun;

initial form - baby;
constant morphological features: animate, common noun, concrete, masculine, 1st declension;
inconsistent morphological features: nominative case, singular;
when parsing a sentence, it plays the role of subject.

Morphological analysis of the word “milk” (answers the question of whom? What?).

initial form – milk;
constant morphological characteristics of the word: neuter, inanimate, real, common noun, II declension;
variable morphological features: accusative case, singular;
direct object in the sentence.

Here is another example of how to make a morphological analysis of a noun, based on a literary source:

"Two ladies ran up to Luzhin and helped him get up. He began to knock the dust off his coat with his palm. (example from: “Luzhin’s Defense”, Vladimir Nabokov)."

Ladies (who?) - noun;

initial form - queen;
constant morphological features: common noun, animate, concrete, feminine, first declension;
fickle morphological characteristics of the noun: singular, genitive case;
syntactic role: part of the subject.

Luzhin (to whom?) - noun;

initial form - Luzhin;
faithful morphological characteristics of the word: proper name, animate, concrete, masculine, mixed declension;
inconsistent morphological features of the noun: singular, dative case;

Palm (with what?) - noun;

initial shape - palm;
constant morphological features: feminine, inanimate, common noun, concrete, I declension;
inconsistent morpho. signs: singular, instrumental case;
syntactic role in context: addition.

Dust (what?) - noun;

initial form - dust;
main morphological features: common noun, material, feminine, singular, animate not characterized, III declension (noun with zero ending);
fickle morphological characteristics of the word: accusative case;
syntactic role: addition.

the initial form is a coat;
constant correct morphological characteristics of the word: inanimate, common noun, specific, neuter, indeclinable;
morphological features are inconsistent: the number cannot be determined from the context, genitive case;
syntactic role as a member of a sentence: addition.

Morphological analysis of the adjective

An adjective is a significant part of speech. Answers the questions Which? Which? Which? Which? and characterizes the characteristics or qualities of an object. Table of morphological features of the adjective name:

initial form in the nominative case, singular, masculine;
constant morphological features of adjectives:
- rank according to the value:
- - - quality (warm, silent);
  - - relative (yesterday, reading);
  - - possessive (hare, mother);
- degree of comparison (for quality ones, for which this feature is constant);
- full/short form (for quality ones, for which this sign is constant);
inconsistent morphological features of the adjective:
- qualitative adjectives vary according to the degree of comparison (in comparative degrees the simple form, in superlative degrees - complex): beautiful - more beautiful - the most beautiful;
- full or short form (qualitative adjectives only);
- gender marker (singular only);
- number (agrees with the noun);
- case (agrees with the noun);
syntactic role in a sentence: an adjective can be a definition or part of a compound nominal predicate.

Plan for morphological analysis of the adjective

Example sentence:

The full moon rose over the city.

Full (what?) – adjective;

initial form – full;
constant morphological features of the adjective: qualitative, full form;
inconsistent morphological characteristics: in a positive (zero) degree of comparison, feminine (consistent with the noun), nominative case;
according to syntactic analysis - a minor member of the sentence, serves as a definition.

Here is another whole literary passage and morphological analysis of the adjective, with examples:

The girl was beautiful: slender, thin, blue eyes, like two amazing sapphires, looking into your soul.

Beautiful (what?) - adjective;

initial form - beautiful (in this meaning);
constant morphological norms: qualitative, brief;
inconstant signs: positive degree of comparison, singular, feminine;

Slender (what?) - adjective;

initial form - slender;
constant morphological characteristics: qualitative, complete;
inconsistent morphological characteristics of the word: full, positive degree of comparison, singular, feminine, nominative case;
syntactic role in a sentence: part of the predicate.

Thin (what?) - adjective;

initial form - thin;
morphological constant characteristics: qualitative, complete;
inconsistent morphological characteristics of the adjective: positive degree of comparison, singular, feminine, nominative case;
syntactic role: part of the predicate.

Blue (what?) - adjective;

initial form - blue;
table of constant morphological features of the adjective name: qualitative;
inconsistent morphological characteristics: full, positive degree of comparison, plural, nominative case;
syntactic role: definition.

Amazing (what?) - adjective;

initial form - amazing;
constant characteristics of morphology: relative, expressive;
inconsistent morphological features: plural, genitive case;
syntactic role in a sentence: part of the circumstance.

Morphological features of the verb

According to the morphology of the Russian language, a verb is an independent part of speech. It can denote an action (to walk), a property (to limp), an attitude (to be equal), a state (to rejoice), a sign (to turn white, to show off) of an object. Verbs answer the question what to do? what to do? what is he doing? what did you do? or what will it do? Different groups of verbal word forms have heterogeneous morphological characteristics and grammatical features.

Morphological forms of verbs:

the initial form of the verb is the infinitive. It is also called the indefinite or unchangeable form of the verb. There are no variable morphological features;
conjugated (personal and impersonal) forms;
inconjugated forms: participles and participles.

Morphological analysis of the verb

initial form - infinitive;
constant morphological features of the verb:
- transitivity:
- - transitive (used with accusative case nouns without a preposition);
  - intransitive (not used with a noun in the accusative case without a preposition);
- repayment:
- - returnable (there is -sya, -sya);
  - irrevocable (no -sya, -sya);
- - imperfect (what to do?);
  - perfect (what to do?);
- conjugation:
- - I conjugation (do-eat, do-e, do-eat, do-e, do-ut/ut);
  - II conjugation (sto-ish, sto-it, sto-im, sto-ite, sto-yat/at);
  - mixed verbs (want, run);
inconsistent morphological features of the verb:
- mood:
- - indicative: what did you do? What did you do? what is he doing? what will he do?;
  - conditional: what would you do? what would you do?;
  - imperative: do!;
- time (in the indicative mood: past/present/future);
- person (in the present/future tense, indicative and imperative: 1st person: I/we, 2nd person: you/you, 3rd person: he/they);
- gender (past tense, singular, indicative and conditional);
- number;
syntactic role in a sentence. The infinitive can be any part of the sentence:
- predicate: To be a holiday today;
- subject: Learning is always useful;
- addition: All the guests asked her to dance;
- definition: He had an irresistible desire to eat;
- circumstance: I went out for a walk.

Morphological analysis of verb example

To understand the scheme, let’s conduct a written analysis of the morphology of the verb using an example sentence:

God somehow sent a piece of cheese to the crow... (fable, I. Krylov)

Sent (what did you do?) - part of speech verb;

initial form - send;
constant morphological features: perfective aspect, transitional, 1st conjugation;
inconsistent morphological characteristics of the verb: indicative mood, past tense, masculine, singular;

The following online example of morphological analysis of a verb in a sentence:

What silence, listen.

Listen (what do you do?) - verb;

initial form - listen;
morphological constant features: perfective aspect, intransitive, reflexive, 1st conjugation;
inconsistent morphological characteristics of the word: imperative mood, plural, 2nd person;
syntactic role in a sentence: predicate.

Plan for morphological analysis of verbs online for free, based on an example from a whole paragraph:

He needs to be warned.

No need, let him know next time how to break the rules.

What are the rules?

Wait, I'll tell you later. Has entered! (“Golden Calf”, I. Ilf)

Caution (what to do?) - verb;

initial form - warn;
morphological features of the verb are constant: perfective, transitive, irrevocative, 1st conjugation;
inconsistent morphology of part of speech: infinitive;
syntactic function in a sentence: part of the predicate.

Let him know (what is he doing?) - verb part of speech;

initial form - know;
inconsistent verb morphology: imperative, singular, 3rd person;
syntactic role in a sentence: predicate.

Violate (what to do?) - the word is a verb;

initial form - violate;
constant morphological features: imperfect form, irrevocable, transitional, 1st conjugation;
inconstant features of the verb: infinitive (initial form);
syntactic role in context: part of the predicate.

Wait (what will you do?) - part of speech verb;

initial form - wait;
constant morphological features: perfective aspect, irrevocable, transitional, 1st conjugation;
inconsistent morphological characteristics of the verb: imperative mood, plural, 2nd person;
syntactic role in a sentence: predicate.

Entered (what did you do?) - verb;

initial form - enter;
constant morphological features: perfective aspect, irreversible, intransitive, 1st conjugation;
inconsistent morphological characteristics of the verb: past tense, indicative mood, singular, masculine;
syntactic role in a sentence: predicate.

Hello! How correctly: 1. He was awarded the rank of colonel. Or: He was given the rank of "Colonel". 2. He ended the war with the rank of major. Or: He finished the war with the rank of major.

Right: He was awarded the rank of colonel. He ended the war with the rank of major.


	Question No. 292552

Hello. Please help me place the punctuation marks: Our (,) son, senior teacher at the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, police colonel Vyacheslav Kryuk (,) turned 36 years old on March 18, writes the father of the birthday boy, Gennady. “Our family congratulates... Thank you in advance.