“Renaissance Art in Italy” - What were the prerequisites for the ideas of humanism? Humanity has its own biography: infancy, adolescence, maturity. Powerful spiritual origin. Gioconda. Beginning of the 16th century The Renaissance is one of the most impressive pages in the history of world art. Heaviness and stability of forms. XV century Florence.

"Brunelleschi" - Objectives of our project. Inside, the system consists of a double dome, with the outer one having a raised arch. Dome design. Experiment No. 2. Experiments with linear perspective. It is noteworthy that Brunelleschi carved out the sky. Linear perspective. Relevance, purpose and problem of the project. Filippo Brunelleschi is an innovator in architecture and linear perspective.

“The Art of the High Renaissance” - Contents. Peasant dance. High Renaissance in Art Grade 7 New story. Madonna Litta. Athens School. The most famous was the Sistine Madonna. Northern Renaissance. Self-portrait as a young man. Rafael Santi. Rembrandt's mother. Pieter Bruegel (the elder) depicted scenes of everyday life on his canvases.

“Art in the Renaissance” - Botticelli. Saint Mark. A pearl of Renaissance architecture. Palazzo Pitti Ammanati Bartolomeo 1560-1565, Florence. Madonna with pomegranate. OK. 1490 Titian. Madonna of Canon van der Paele Madonna of Chancellor Rolin. Raphael. Approximate chronological framework of the era of the XIV-XVI centuries. High Renaissance. "Spring".

“Renaissance Painting” - The Beginning of the Proto-Renaissance. Trecento - 1300s. Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Blind, 1568, National Museum and Gallery of Capodimonte. From Italian duento (two hundred). Ducento - 1200s. Proto-Renaissance. Quattrocento - 1400s. Pre-Renaissance. Early Renaissance, High Renaissance. Cinquecento - 1500s. From Italian quattrocento (four hundred).

“Renaissance lesson” - “Peasant Painter” Pieter Bruegel the Elder Peasant Dance. Michelangelo Buonarroti 1475-1564. “The whole world is a theater, and the people in it are actors.” Albrecht Durer. The look, full of curiosity, shines. Michelangelo's tombstone. Why did the Renaissance begin? Leonardo da Vinci 1452-1519. Self-portrait. Monument to Cervantes.

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Renaissance, or Renaissance (French Renaissance, Italian Rinascimento) is one of the most striking eras in the history of European culture, which replaced
culture of the Middle Ages and
preceding the culture of the new
time. It got its name in
connection with the revival of interest in antiquity
art as an ideal, a model. Approximate
chronological framework of the era of the XIV-XVI centuries

Renaissance

The revival arose in
Italy. It's hard
established only in the 20s
years of the 15th century. In France,
Germany and other countries
this movement has begun
much later. By the end
XV century it reached its
highest flowering. In the XVI
century, a crisis of ideas is brewing
Renaissance, consequence
what is emergence
mannerism and baroque.

Architecture Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence. A gem of Renaissance architecture

Greatest bloom
Renaissance
architecture has survived in
Italy, leaving behind
itself two monument cities: Florence and
Venice. Above creation
buildings they worked there
great architects -
Filippo Brunelleschi,
Leon Battista Alberti,
Donato Bramante,
Giorgio Vasari and
a lot others.

Pazzi Chapel architect Brunelleschi
Dome of the Cathedral of St. Maria del
Fiore, Brunelleschi,
Rossellino, 1420-1436,
1446-1470, Florence
Palazzo Pitti architect Brunelleschi

Church
Santa Maria Novella
Alberti,
1456-1470
Florence

Palazzo
Pitty
Ammanati
Bartolomeo
1560-1565,
Florence

Sculpture

Founder
sculptures
There was a revival
Donatello. One of
his main merits -
revival so
called round
statues. This laid
foundations of development
sculptures
subsequent
time. Most
mature work
statue of David.
Saint Mark
David statue
Judith and Olifern

art

From all areas of culture art
took first place in Italy.
Of all types of art, the first
belonged to the fine arts
art and architecture.
They are called the "Fathers" of the Renaissance
painter Masaccio, sculptor
Donatello, architect Brunelleschi.

Periods of the Early Renaissance

Period like this
called
"Early
Renaissance"
covers in
Italy time since 1420
to 1500.
Botticelli. Madonna with pomegranate.
OK. 1490

Painting. Sandro Botticelli

"Spring"
"Birth of Venus"

High Renaissance

The second period of the Renaissance - time
the most magnificent development of his style -
commonly called "High"
Renaissance", it extends to
Italy from approximately 1500 to 1580
year. At this time the center of gravity
Italian art from Florence
moves to Rome thanks to
Julius' accession to the papal throne
II. At the same time, dad and his closest
successors, Rome becomes, as it were,
new Athens of the time of Pericles: in
it creates many
monumental buildings are performed
magnificent sculptural
works, frescoes are painted and
paintings that are still considered
pearls of painting; that's all
three branches of art go well together
hand in hand, helping one another and
mutually influencing each other.
Antiquity is now being studied more
thoroughly, reproduced from
greater rigor and
consistency; calm and
dignity is established and completely
the classic imprint is on everything
creating art.

Leonardo da Vinci

Raphael

Michelangelo Buonarroti

Late Renaissance

Third period
Renaissance
extends into
Italy
approximately 3090s XVI century.
Representative
this period
is an artist
Titian

Titian

Northern Renaissance

Renaissance period in the territories of the Netherlands,
It is customary to separate Germany and France into separate
style direction with some differences
with the Renaissance in Italy, and call it “Northern
Revival".
Chateau de Chambord in France. 1519-1547.

Artists of the Northern Renaissance

Hans Baldung
Hieronymus Bosch
Pieter Bruegel
Albrecht Durer
Lucas Cranach
Hans Holbein
Jan van Eyck

Hieronymus Bosch Carrying the Cross Prodigal Son

Jan van Eyck

Portrait of Jan van Eyck
Madonna of Canon van der Paele
Madonna of Chancellor Rolin
Ghent Altarpiece
Portrait of the Arnolfini couple

Pieter Bruegel the Elder

1
Pieter Bruegel the Elder
2
3
4
5
6

Albrecht Durer

1
2
3
4
5
6

The science

Paracelsus and
Vesalius,
Jean Bodin and
Niccolo Machiavelli
Thomas More,
Tommaso
Campanello
Holbein G. Portrait of Thomas More. 1527

Philosophy

Nikolai Kuzansky
Leonardo Bruni
Marsilio Ficino
Pico della Mirandola
Lorenzo Valla
Manetti
Pietro Pomponazzi
Jean Bodin
Montaigne
Thomas More
Erasmus of Rotterdam
Martin Luther
Campanella
Giordano Bruno

Literature

Francesco Petrarch (1304-
1374
Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-
1375)
Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-
1527)
Ludovico Ariosto (1474-
1533)
Torquato Tasso (1544-1595)
monuments of the era:
"Decamerone" Boccaccio, "Don
Quixote" by Cervantes, and
especially in Gargantua and
Pantagruel" Francois
Rabelais.

Music

Flemish composer of the 15th century. G. Dufay
Various genres emerge
secular musical
arts - frottola and
villanelle in Italy,
Villancico in Spain, ballad
in England, madrigal, which originated
in Italy
L. Marenzio, I.
Arkadelt, Gesualdo yes
Venosa.
Josquin Despres, Orlando di
Lasso.
K. Janequin, K. Lejeune.
Renaissance
ends with the emergence of new
musical genres -
solo song, cantata,
oratorios and operas

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Slide captions:

Renaissance

Renaissance, or Renaissance, is an era in the cultural history of Europe, which replaced the culture of the Middle Ages and preceded the culture of modern times. Approximate chronological framework of the era: XIV–XVI centuries. Distinctive feature Renaissance - the secular nature of culture and its interest in man and his activities. Interest in ancient culture appears, its “revival,” as it were, occurs—and that’s how the term appeared.

General characteristics The Renaissance arose in Italy, where its first signs were noticeable back in the 13th and XIV centuries, but it was firmly established only in the 20s of the 15th century. In France, Germany and other countries this movement began much later. By the end of the 15th century it reached its peak.

Early Renaissance The period of the so-called “Early Renaissance” covers the period from 1420 to 1500 in Italy. During these eighty years art was still influenced by the recent past, but tried to mix into it elements borrowed from classical antiquity. Artists begin to use examples of ancient art in their works. Leonardo da Vinci. "Vitruvian Man", 1490

High Renaissance The second period of the Renaissance - the time of the most magnificent development of its style - is usually called the "High Renaissance", it lasts in Italy from approximately 1500 to 1580. At this time, the center of Italian art moved from Florence to Rome, many monumental buildings were created, magnificent sculptural works were executed, frescoes and paintings were painted, which are still considered the pearls of painting. Sandro Botticelli. Madonna with a Pomegranate, 1497

Northern Renaissance The Renaissance period in the Netherlands, Germany and France is usually identified as a separate direction and called the “Northern Renaissance”. The traditions and skills of Gothic art were preserved here for a long time; less attention was paid to research into the ancient heritage. A striking example of this period is the Chateau de Chambord. Chateau de Chambord in France, 1519-1547.

Leonardo da Vinci 1452 – 1519 Artist, poet, architect, sculptor, musician, singer Was interested in sciences: physics, mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, mechanics

Fine arts Renaissance artists began to use new artistic techniques: building a three-dimensional composition, using a landscape in the background. This allowed them to make the images more realistic and animated. Leonardo da Vinci. Mona Lisa. Fragment, 1503-1505

Madonna and Child (Madonna Litta)

Last Supper

Michelangelo Buanarroti 1475 – 1564 Florentine sculptor, artist Main works - statue of David, painting of the Sistine Chapel, etc.

Statue of David Created from marble Height – 5.5 meters Work lasted 3 years

Creation of the luminaries

Raphael Santi Italian artist, architect 1483 - 1520. Famous works – Madonnas, St. Peter's Basilica in Rome

Sistine Madonna

Fine arts In the works of Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Titian, Italian painting reached its highest peak. The images they created embodied human dignity, strength, wisdom, beauty. Raphael. Madonna and Child.

Madonna Conestabile

Literature In the literature of the Renaissance, the glorification of a harmonious, free, creative, comprehensively developed personality was most fully expressed. The literature of the Renaissance was based on two traditions: folk poetry and ancient literature, therefore it was often real events combined with fantasy. This is reflected in the most famous literary work era - Miguel Cervantes' novel Don Quixote. Illustration for the novel “Don Quixote”

Literature William Shakespeare 1564 – 1616 English poet, playwright, artist

Works of Shakespeare Romeo and Juliet Othello Hamlet King Lear Twelfth Night

Architecture The main thing that characterizes this era is the return in architecture to the principles and forms of ancient art. Particular importance in this direction is given to symmetry, proportion, geometry and the order of its component parts. Greatest bloom Renaissance architecture survived in Italy, leaving behind two monument cities: Florence and Venice. Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence

Summary The theme of the Renaissance is rich and inexhaustible. This era of self-affirmation of man and his limitless possibilities. The achievements of the Renaissance determined the development of the entire European civilization for many years.

Renaissance (XIV-XVI) is an era in the history of culture and art, reflecting the beginning of the transition from feudalism to capitalism. In classical forms, the Renaissance took shape in Western Europe, primarily in Italy, but similar processes took place in Eastern Europe and in Asia. In each country, this type of culture had its own characteristics associated with its ethnic characteristics, specific traditions, and the influence of other national cultures.

Artists of the Italian Renaissance The Renaissance is the pinnacle from which we view world culture in development, with the life and work of famous poets, artists, thinkers, writers, composers, with descriptions of outstanding creations of art.

It was focused on the revival of ancient culture; She affirmed the strength, rationality, beauty and freedom of the individual; Had a holistic and diverse understanding of man, life and culture; Art was perceived as the equivalence and equality of forms human activity; It had a pronounced democratic character, with man and nature at its center; The Renaissance had the following features:

Leonardo da Vinci

Illegitimate son a certain Sir Pierrot and a simple peasant woman. Born near the city of Vinci. Since childhood, he showed equal interest in studying mechanics, astronomy, mathematics, and other natural sciences. Many of his observations anticipate the development of European science and painting by entire centuries. He died far from his homeland, in the French city of Cloux in 1519. Life, creativity, fate

All of da Vinci's works are extremely diverse; His paintings are characterized by geometric rigor of composition and a scientific approach to the anatomical structure of the human body; da Vinci invented his own method of painting - sfumato;. It is noteworthy that in many of Da Vinci’s paintings the background is a mountain landscape. Leonardo da Vinci. Portrait of Ginerva Benci

Last Supper, gg

Michelangelo Buanarroti () Above all and in everything, Michelangelo is a sculptor, but his paintings are so monumental that they can be mistaken for sculptures. The images created by Michelangelo are distinguished by their powerful physicality and anatomical precision; Being deeply religious, Michelangelo often wrote in biblical stories. But the images he created have nothing to do with the canon. He was born in 1475 and died in 1564, outliving Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael by four and a half decades, leaving the High Renaissance far behind. IN last years In his life he witnessed how the ideals of humanism were grossly trampled upon. All this deeply outraged and wounded Michelangelo’s soul.

"Pieta"(g).

The Last Judgment. Fresco. Sistine Chapel, Vatican

Tombstone of Giuliano Medici. Church of San Lorenzo, Florence

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Stages of the Renaissance 1. Earlier Renaissance roughly coincides with the 15th century 2. High Renaissance first quarter of the 16th century. 3. Late Renaissance 1520-1600.

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Florence (XII – XIII centuries) – the cradle of the Renaissance. The Medici were patrons of science and culture. Culture is freedom, but dependent on orders from patrons. Associated with the new secular worldview expressed by humanists, culture is losing unbreakable connection with religion, painting and statue extend beyond the temple. Dante (1265 - 1321) – Divine Comedy.

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The Early Renaissance period in Italy covers the time from 1420 to 1500. During these eighty years, art has not yet completely abandoned the traditions of the recent past, but has tried to mix into them elements borrowed from classical antiquity. Madonna and Child by Albertinelli Mariotto

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Sandro Botticelli Madonna with the book Sandro Botticelli The Birth of Venus Early Renaissance

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Around 1500, in the works of Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael Santi, Michelangelo Buonarotti, Giorgione, Titian, Italian painting and sculpture reached their highest point, entering the time of the High Renaissance. Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475 - 1564) Sculpture of David, painting of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican. Masters of the 15th century (primarily L.B. Alberti, P. della Francesco) created the theory fine arts and architecture.

Slide 7

High Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519) Encyclopedist. Mona Lisa, architectural projects, technical inventions (prototypes of aircraft, printing press, machine gun, the world's first bicycle, the first tank in history). . Girl with ermine Maholet

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Raphael Santi (1483 - 1520) – portraits, sculptures, cathedral paintings. Among the heroes are ordinary people.

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Due to the economic crisis of the 14th century, the Renaissance period in architecture began only at the beginning of the 15th century and lasted until early XVII centuries in Italy and longer beyond its borders. Renaissance architecture loses its Gothic aspiration to the sky and gains “classical” balance and proportionality, proportionality to the human body. Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence.

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Great architects of the Renaissance: F. Brunelleschi D. Bramante Raphael Santi Michelangelo

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Late Renaissance The classical ideal of the High Renaissance, associated with the humanism of the 15th century, quickly lost its significance, not responding to the new historical situation (Italy lost its independence) and spiritual climate (Italian humanism became more tragic). The works of Michelangelo and Titian acquire dramatic tension and tragedy.

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Professional music is losing the character of purely church art and is being influenced folk music. High level The art of vocal and vocal-instrumental polyphony is achieved in the works of representatives of “Ars nova” (“New Art”) in Italy and France in the 14th century. Various genres of secular musical art- frottola and villanella in Italy, villancico in Spain, ballad in England, madrigal, which originated in Italy (Luca Marenzio, J. Arkadelt, Gesualdo da Venosa), but became widespread, French polyphonic song. Sounds frottola Renaissance music

Slide 13

The art of making bowed instruments flourishes in Italy. “Struggle” between two types of bowed instruments - the viol (aristocratic environment), and the violin - an instrument of folk origin. The Renaissance ends with the emergence of new musical genres - solo song, cantata, oratorio and opera.