Slide 1
Lev Nikolaevich
Tolstoy
"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
1872
Literata.Ru
Slide 2
“Zhilin couldn’t get enough space for the horse, they shot at him from behind with guns and hit the horse. The horse hit with all its might and fell on Zhilin’s leg.”
Slide 3
“Zhilin indicated with his lips and hands that they give him a drink.
Black understood, laughed, called someone: “Dina!”
A girl came running - thin, skinny, about thirteen years old and her face looked like a black one... Dressed in a long, blue shirt, with wide sleeves and without a belt...”
Slide 4
“The next morning he looks, at dawn Dina came out of the threshold with a doll. And she has already removed the doll with red rags and rocks it like a child, she lulls it to sleep in her own way.”
“Since then, Zhilin’s fame has spread that he is a master. They began to come to him from distant villages: some would bring him a lock, some would bring a watch.”
Slide 5
“I began to look at the Russian side: there was a river under my feet, my village, gardens all around... Zhilin began to peer - something was looming in the valley, like smoke from chimneys. And so he thinks that this very thing is a Russian fortress.”
Slide 6
“I climbed down the slope, took a sharp stone, and began to turn the lock off the block. And the lock is strong - it won’t knock down, and it’s awkward. Dina came running, took the stone and said: Give it to me. She sat down on her knees and began to twist. Yes, the little hands are as thin as twigs – there’s no strength whatsoever.”
Slide 7
Zhilin
Kostylin
Zhilin
Mother
Dina
Tatars
care
help
respect
appeals
for help
loves
doesn't bother
love, care
kindness Slide 8
Comparative characteristics
Zhilina and Kostylina.
kind (thinks about mother);
relies on himself;
active person;
managed to settle down in the village;
hard worker, cannot sit idle;
helps everyone, even his enemies;
generous, forgave Kostylin.
ZILIN KOSTYLIN
weak person
, does not rely on himself;
capable of betrayal;
became limp, lost heart;
doesn't accept other people.
DINA
kind, strives to help people;
capable of self-sacrifice.
TATARS
hard workers;
are able to understand and appreciate a good person
1 The events took place in the fall. 2. Zhilin was short in stature, but brave. 3. Zhilin was captured because Kostylin abandoned him. 4. The Tatars asked for a ransom for Zhilin in the amount of 500 rubles. 5. Zhilin wrote the wrong address and ran away. 6. In captivity, Zhilin was sad, bored and waiting for ransom. 7. During the first escape, Kostylin showed himself to be a weak man. 8. The second time Zhilin fled alone. 9. During his escape, Dina and Russian soldiers helped him. 10. After the escape, he remained to serve in the Caucasus, but did not go on vacation
Slide 3
Task 1: “Find the pages where the difference between Zhilin and Kostylin is most clearly visible. Title these episodes."
Slide 4
Illustrations
Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
TASK 2: Briefly highlight the main qualities that determine the appearance of the heroes.
The main qualities of the heroes Zhilin Kostylin Having a great goal Selfishness Activity Irresponsibility Loyalty to duty Effeminacy Loyalty to friendship Lack of will Ability to betray
Slide 9
CROSSWORD
Horizontally: 1.What character trait should a person have in captivity? 2. “...left, you can’t do anything with one checker” 3. What feeling does Zhilin experience when he writes the wrong address on a letter? 4.What did the Tatars call Zilina? 5. 6.What character trait that Kostylin does not have can be noted in Zhilin? 7. The main goal of Zhilin is in captivity. 8. An officer served in the Caucasus, “an overweight, fat man.” 9. What did the Tatars call Kostylin? Vertically: 1. What feeling does Kostylin make on you? 2. Kostylin, both in captivity and during the escape, turned out to be for Zhilin 3. Zhilin is characterized by activity, Kostylin ... 4. What does Zhilin experience in relation to Kostylin during the escape? 5. Zhilin already fed her (whom) in advance
“L.N. Tolstoy. Information about the writer. Historical and literary basis of the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus”
(Literature lesson. 5th grade)
Lesson objectives:
1. Expand your knowledge about
life of L.N. Tolstoy
2. Continue getting acquainted with
the writer's creativity
3. Continue to work on developing readership
skills and abilities
Tolstoy is our national pride
House of Gortalovs
Leo Tolstoy during his studies at Kazan University
Monument to Leo Tolstoy in Kazan
Kazan Imperial University
- The Caucasian War of 1817-1864 is a war Russian Empire with mountain peoples. It ended with the annexation of Chechnya, Mountainous Dagestan and the North-West Caucasus to Russia. The victory was achieved due to the multiple numerical superiority of the Russian army and its technical superiority.
- Caucasians are mountain peoples: Chechens, Ossetians, Circassians, Nogais, Avars and many others.
- L.N. Tolstoy in his story “Prisoner of the Caucasus” calls the highlanders Tatars, as Russians often called everyone who professed the Muslim religion.
Episode of the Caucasian War.
M.Yu. Lermontov (1840)
Leo Tolstoy in the Caucasus
Caucasus - “a wild land, in which two very opposite things are so strangely and poetically combined - war And Liberty ».
(From L.N. Tolstoy’s diary entry)
The meaning of the title of the story
"Caucasian" – space, beauty, freedom .
"Prisoner" - captivity, war.
Genre of the story: true story
Story – a small narrative work united by a plot and consisting of one or more episodes
Plot - chain of events occurring in the work
Episode - an image of one event that has a beginning and an end
True story - a story about an event that actually happened
“I almost got captured, but in this case I behaved well, although too sensitive.”
Group 2 – 3.4 parts
Group 3 – 5.6 parts
Slide 1
Slide 2
“Zhilin couldn’t get enough space for the horse, they shot at him from behind with guns and hit the horse. The horse hit with all its might and fell on Zhilin’s leg.”
Slide 3
“Zhilin indicated with his lips and hands that they give him a drink. Black understood, laughed, called someone: “Dina!” A girl came running - thin, skinny, about thirteen years old and her face looked like a black one... Dressed in a long, blue shirt, with wide sleeves and without a belt...”
Slide 4
“The next morning he looks, at dawn Dina came out of the threshold with a doll. And she has already removed the doll with red rags and rocks it like a child, she lulls it to sleep in her own way.” “Since then, Zhilin’s fame has spread that he is a master. They began to come to him from distant villages: some would bring him a lock, some would bring a watch.”
Slide 5
“I began to look at the Russian side: there was a river under my feet, my village, gardens all around... Zhilin began to peer - something was looming in the valley, like smoke from chimneys. And so he thinks that this is the Russian fortress.”
Slide 6
“I climbed down the slope, took a sharp stone, and began to turn the lock off the block. And the lock is strong - it won’t knock down, and it’s awkward. Dina came running, took the stone and said: Give it to me. She sat down on her knees and began to twist. Yes, the little hands are as thin as twigs – there’s no strength whatsoever.”
Slide 7
Zhilin Kostylin Mother Dina Mother of Tatara care help respect seeks help loves does not bother love, care kindness
Slide 8
Comparative characteristics of Zhilin and Kostylin. kind (thinks about mother); relies on himself; active person; managed to settle down in the village; hard worker, cannot sit idle; helps everyone, even his enemies; generous, forgave Kostylin. ZILIN KOSTYLIN is a weak person, he does not rely on himself; capable of betrayal; became limp, lost heart; doesn't accept other people. DINA is kind, strives to help people; capable of self-sacrifice. TATARS are hard-working; are able to understand and appreciate a good person
Caucasus
in life
and creativity
L.N. Tolstoy
Work completed
student of class 10 "A"
MKOU secondary school No. 6, Zaterechny village
Kislyakova Elena
Head – Krayushkina I.V.
HYPOTHESIS : The Caucasus had a great influence on the formation of the personality of L. N. Tolstoy, which is reflected in his work
GOALS :
- to find out the influence of his stay in the Caucasus on the worldview of Leo Tolstoy,
- determine how the theme of the Caucasus was reflected in his work
METHODS : search for additional material, analysis, synthesis.
MY RESEARCH:
- Leo Tolstoy's stay in the Caucasus.
- Interest in folklore and life of the Caucasians.
- Caucasian cycle of his work.
CONCLUSION:
I FOUND OUT :
In the forties of the 19th century - during the period of the rise of Russian democratic thought - Tolstoy came to the Caucasus as a young officer. He lived in Chechnya from May 1851 to January 1854 - almost constantly among the Chechens and Cossacks, among whom he made many friends. In the diaries and letters of this period there is evidence of Tolstoy’s deep interest in the life of the Chechens. He sought to “understand the spiritual structure of local peoples,” their morals and customs, and make his own judgments.
Tolstoy undoubtedly looked back and perceived Pushkin and Lermontov as his predecessors. He spoke about his love for the Caucasus in 1854 in expressions that literally coincided with Lermontov’s poems (from the introduction to “Ishmael Bey”): “I am beginning to love the Caucasus, albeit with a posthumous, but strong love.”
Tolstoy wrote about the influence of the Caucasus on his life and work in 1859: “... It was both painful and good time. Never, neither before nor after, have I reached such a height of thought as at that time... And everything that I found then will forever remain my conviction.”
I FOUND OUT :
In 1852 he recorded two Chechen folk songs- from the words of their Chechen friends Sado Misirbiev and Balta Isaev. He subsequently used these and other recordings in his works.
In December 1852, Tolstoy sent his first military story, “The Raid,” from the Caucasus to the St. Petersburg magazine Sovremennik, the progressive most popular magazine of that time. Before that, the story “Childhood” was published in the September issue of the magazine. When Tolstoy’s next Caucasian story, “Cutting the Forest,” appeared in Sovremennik, the editor of the magazine, N. A. Nekrasov, wrote to I. S. Turgenev; “Do you know what this is? These are essays on various types of soldiers (and partly officers), that is, a thing hitherto unprecedented in Russian literature. And how good!”
I DEFINED:
During his years of service in the Caucasus, Tolstoy paid a lot of attention to the collection and promotion of North Caucasian oral folk art, publications of Chechen folklore.
Love for the Caucasus and deep interest in the peculiarities of the life of the highlanders were reflected in many of Tolstoy’s works.
Tolstoy’s thoughts about the fate of the highlanders formed the basis of the Caucasian cycle of his work (“Raid. The Story of a Volunteer”, “Cutting Wood. The Story of a Junker”, “From Caucasian Memoirs. Demoted”, “Notes of a Marker”, “Notes about the Caucasus. Trip to Mamakai- Yurt").
In the Caucasus, Tolstoy saw war and people at war with his own eyes. Here he learned how peasant life could be arranged without serfdom depending on the landowner.
I DEFINED:
In the Caucasian stories, the writer’s general view of life, of war in the world took shape - in other words, the philosophy of existence embodied in artistic images. War and peace are sharply opposed, and war is condemned, because it is destruction, death, separation of people, their enmity with each other, with the beauty of the entire “God’s world.”
In the Caucasus, Tolstoy's philosophy of love and selflessness was first developed - and these are the most cherished feelings of the Russian person.
CONCLUSION: GENERAL CONCLUSION -
The Caucasus had a great influence on the formation of the writer’s views and was reflected in his work.
RESOURCES:
- http://elbrusoid.org/content/liter_theatre/p137294.shtml - Songs of the Highlanders
- Independent newspaper from 06/01/2001 Original: http://www.ng.ru/style/2001-06-01/16_song.html
- "Tales and Stories" LN Tolstoy, Moscow, " Fiction", 1981, series "Classics and Contemporaries".
- "Leo Tolstoy", an essay on life and work; K.N. Lomunov, 2nd edition, Moscow, ed. "Children's Literature", 1984
- K. Kuliev “The poet is always with people”, M., 1986