In "The Thunderstorm" there is a typical image of a tyrant in the person of Dikiy. The rich merchant Dikoy, like Kabanova, does not tolerate any contradictions. Dikoy treats strangers and members of his family very rudely.
The self-taught mechanic Kuligin invites Diky to build a sundial on the boulevard and asks for ten rubles. Dikoy is angry and suspects Kuligin of deception and calls him a robber. “I want to think about you this way, and I think so. For others, you are an honest person, but I think that you are a robber, that’s all!” Dikiy's greed for money is so great that he either does not pay the workers at all or shortchanges them. “No one dares say a word about salary here,” says Kudryash, who lives with him, “he’ll scold you for all he’s worth.” How do you know what I have in mind, he says? How can you know my soul? Or maybe I’ll be in such a mood that I’ll give you five thousand.” Dikoy himself admits to Kabanova that he cannot give good money to anyone, although he understands that he must pay. “Just mention money to me,” he says, “and it will ignite my entire inner being; Well, in those days I would never curse a person.”
Dikoy is a complete type of tyrant merchant.
In one of his comedies [“At Someone Else’s Feast, a Hangover”] Ostrovsky defines the meaning of the word “tyrant”: “Tyrant - it’s called when a person doesn’t listen to anyone; You can even amuse him with a stake on his head, but he’s all his own. He will stamp his foot and say: who am I? At this point, everyone at home owes him a duty, and they just lie there, otherwise it’s a disaster... This is a wild, powerful man, cool at heart.”
Such a tyrant, whose behavior is based on unbridled arbitrariness and stupid stubbornness, is Savel Prokofich Dikoy. He is accustomed to the unquestioning obedience of those around him, who will do anything to avoid angering him. It’s especially hard for those at home: at home, Dikoy goes wild without any control, and family members, fleeing his rage, hide in attics and closets all day long. Dikoy finally hounded his nephew, Boris Grigorievich, knowing that he was completely financially dependent on him.
Dika is not at all shy with strangers, over whom she can “show off” with impunity. Thanks to money, he holds in his hands the entire powerless mass of ordinary people and mocks them. The traits of tyranny appear especially clearly in his conversation with Kuligin. Kuligin once turned to Dikiy with a request to give ten rubles to build a sundial for the city.
“Wild. Or maybe you want to steal; who knows you!..
Kuligin. Why, sir, Savel Prokofich, would you like to offend an honest man?
Wild. Am I going to give you a report? I don’t give an account to anyone more important than you. I want to think about you this way, and I think so. For others, you are an honest person, but I think that you are a robber, that’s all. Did you want to hear this from me? So listen! I say I’m a robber, and that’s the end of it! Are you going to sue me or something? So you know that you are a worm. If I want, I’ll have mercy, if I want, I’ll crush.”
Dikoy feels his strength and power, the power of capital. “Moneybags” were then revered as “eminent people”, before whom the poor were forced to curry favor and grovel. Going out in public meant “making” capital for yourself. Any means were good, just to get rich. The same Kuligin speaks about it this way: “And whoever has money, sir, tries to enslave the poor so that his labors will be free more money make money."
For the sake of money, Dikoy is ready to commit any fraud and deception. Here is one of his tricks: “I have a lot of people every year... I won’t pay them a penny more per person, but I make thousands out of this, so it’s good for me!” The complaints of the offended do not achieve their goal. And what can the poor do with a tyrant when he even pats the mayor familiarly on the shoulder?
Money is his passion. Parting with them, once they have ended up in his pocket, is painful for Dikiy. “In his house, no one dares say a word about his salary: he’ll scold you for all he’s worth.” Dikoy himself speaks about this best: “...what are you going to tell me to do with myself when my heart is like this! After all, I already know that I have to give, but I can’t do everything with goodness! You are my friend, and I must give it to you, but if you come and ask me, I will scold you. I will give, give, and curse. Therefore, as soon as you mention money to me, it will start to ignite everything inside me; It kindles everything inside, and that’s all; Well, even in those days I would never curse a person.” “A shrill man,” is how Kudryash characterizes Diky for his rudeness and curses.
Dikoy gives in only to those who are able to fight back. Once on a transport, on the Volga, he did not dare to contact a passing hussar, and then again took out his resentment at home, dispersing everyone to attics and closets. He restrains his temper even in front of Kabanikha, seeing in her his equal.
The power of money was, however, not the only reason that created the ground for unbridled arbitrariness. Another reason that helped tyranny flourish was ignorance.
Dikiy's speech is replete with rude, offensive expressions and epithets (robber, worm, fool, damned parasite, etc.).
Despotism, unbridled tyranny, ignorance, rudeness - these are the features " cruel morals", which characterize the image of the tyrant Dikiy, typical representative"dark kingdom"
(the essay is divided into pages)
The tyranny of the Russian people has long been the talk of the town. He was ridiculed by Fonvizin, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Nekrasov, Gogol, Chekhov. The list of authors can be continued endlessly. Ostrovsky is one of these authors; His difference from all the disgraced ones is that he was a playwright. There cannot be too long remarks in the play (they do not reveal the character of the characters); the author does not have the opportunity to show his attitude towards this or that hero or engage in long discussions. It is important for the playwright that the character of the hero be outlined as fully as possible with the help of his own lines, as well as the characteristics that others give him in front of or behind the scenes. This is the difficulty of a dramatic work. But Ostrovsky was able to fully reveal Russian tyranny: the lack artistic means compensated by the talent of the author.
Who appears as tyrants in Ostrovsky's plays? These are representatives of both the older and younger generations: Dikoy and Kabanikha in “The Thunderstorm”; Ogudalova, Vozhevatov, Paratov - in "Dowry". Consequently, tyranny is not at all associated with advanced age (everyone knows that parents love to grumble at their children and are often dissatisfied with their behavior), but with the fact that all these people are representatives of the patriarchal world, endowed with at least a small amount of power.
In the drama "The Thunderstorm" everything is run by two prominent representatives of the patriarchal world - Kabanikha and Dikoy.
Dikoy is a successful portrait of a tyrant landowner. At the very beginning of the play, we hear from Kuligia a story about how Dikoy withholds their meager pennies from the men, making a fortune for himself. And Boris speaks extremely unflatteringly about his uncle. But we understand the true nature of Wild’s character in his conversation with Kabanikha, when he talks about himself. The Wild One has a custom of cursing those to whom he owes money. He specially sets himself up to scold a person, and he can no longer do without it. It is precisely this behavior that is called tyranny: There is no benefit or benefit to the Wild One from shouting at people, but he does it solely for his own pleasure.
Interesting character Kabanikha. She has no doubts about the correctness of the hierarchical relations of patriarchal life. She does not consider herself wrong when she finds fault with Katerina in every possible way (it’s difficult to find another word). According to Kabanikha, proper family order and way of life are based on discipline and obedience of the younger ones to the elders. Thus, key concepts for the well-being of the family in the eyes of Kabanikha - “fear” and “order”. This is especially clearly seen in the scene of Tikhon’s departure, when the mother orders her son to keep his wife obedient.
Kabanikha subordinates everything in the house to her will, and this subordination goes to the extreme, to the point of absurdity. She literally cuts off oxygen to her children. Good for the cunning Varvara, who only outwardly succumbs to her mother’s power. But what is it like for freedom-loving and independent Katerina, who, willy-nilly, is forced to obey her mother-in-law’s orders?
The most interesting thing is that Kabanikha does not approve of Dikiy’s tyranny. She treats his violence with some degree of contempt and the fact that he exposes everything that happens in his house to people. She herself will never complain to strangers about the disorder in the family. But in one thing they are similar to the Wild: they feel like absolute masters in the house, little kings, they demand complete submission and command people, regardless of their feelings and desires.
Tyranny of a slightly different kind is shown in "Dowry". Firstly, the main thing actors are young people, except for Ogudalova and Knurov. But Knurov is full of consciousness of his own importance, he has no need to prove it to anyone, so the behavior of this character is difficult to analyze.
The author does not focus too much attention on Ogudalova. In relation to her, one can only say that she, too, has completely under her control free man, namely, Larisa. Kharita Ignatievna is trying to build the life of her own daughter, not particularly consistent with Larisa’s moral principles. So, she accepts gifts and money from Vozhevatov and Knurov and pushes her daughter to get closer to them. All her life the mother seemed to be putting her three daughters up for auction. As we learn, it didn't end happily for either of them. But, of course, Larisa suffered the most, because she was already openly being sold, like stale goods at the market.
A. N. Ostrovsky, in the play “The Thunderstorm,” which he wrote in 1859, showed the life and customs of Russian provincial society of that time. He revealed the problems of morality and the shortcomings of this society, which we will try to consider by showing the main features of the tyranny of some of the characters in the play. In this case, it makes sense to take two of the most prominent representatives of society during Ostrovsky’s time - Dikiy and Kabanikha. By examining these characters separately and comparing them, we will be able to identify the main features of tyranny and also some vices and shortcomings.
Very often, the character of a hero can be clearly reflected in the reactions of others to his behavior and in remarks relating to him. This is what happened in this case. Residents of Kalinov talk about Dikiy and Kabanikha very often, and this makes it possible to obtain rich material about them. In a conversation with Kudryash, Shapkin calls Dikiy “a scolder,” while Kudryash calls him (Dikiy) a “shrill man.” Kabanikha calls Diky a “warrior.” All this speaks of the grumpiness and nervousness of his character, because Shapkin and Kudryash scold him among themselves for a reason, seeing how Dikoy scolds Boris. Reviews about Kabanikha are also not very flattering. Kuligin calls her a “hypocrite” and says that she “gives money to the poor, but completely eats up her family.” This characterizes the merchant's wife from the bad side. A more complete, in my opinion, idea of a person can be given by his speech, that is, by habitual and specific expressions inherent only to a given hero. We can see how Dikoy, as if nothing had happened, could just offend a person. He says to Boris: “Get lost!” I don’t even want to talk to you, the Jesuit.” From this phrase of his we see that he is illiterate (he speaks “with a Jesuit” instead of “with a Jesuit”), so he also accompanies his speech with spitting, which finally shows his lack of culture. In general, throughout the entire play we see him peppering his speech with abuse (“Why are you still here! Why the hell is there a merman!”), which shows him to be an extremely rude and ill-mannered person. Take, for example, when one evening he went to Kabanikha’s house and shouted at her... Kabanikha, in her speech, tries to pretend to be kind and affectionate, although sometimes it is her speech that reveals negative traits her character, for example, a passion for money. Sometimes the merchant’s wife gets into a pose: “Well, don’t let your throat loose!” - turns to Dikiy.
The actions that characterize the tyranny of the Wild and Kabanikha are of particular interest. Dikoy is rude and straightforward in his aggressiveness; he commits actions that sometimes cause bewilderment and surprise among others. He is capable of offending and beating a man without giving him money, and then in front of everyone standing in the dirt in front of him, asking for forgiveness. He is a brawler, and in his violence he is capable of throwing thunder and lightning at his household, who are hiding from him in fear.
Kabanikha is absurdly blindly devoted to her old traditions, forcing everyone at home to dance to her tune. She forces Tikhon to say goodbye to his wife in the old-fashioned way, causing laughter and a feeling of regret among those around him.
It remains to be noted that both Dikoy and Kabanikha are very pious and religious. Dikoy, for example, sees retribution in a thunderstorm.
So, we have examined the main features of the heroes’ tyranny. The question remains to be clarified: which of them is more terrible in his life concept and principles? On the one hand, it seems that Dikoy is ruder, stronger and, therefore, more terrible. But, looking closer, we see that Dikoy is only capable of screaming and rampaging. But the terrible and despotic essence of Kabanikha is revealed to us. She managed to subjugate everyone , keeps everything under control, she even tries to manage people’s relationships, which leads to Katerina’s death. Kabanikha is cunning and smart, unlike Wild, and this makes her more terrible.
So, all of the above, in my opinion, not only shows the main features of the tyranny of Kabanikha and Dikiy, but in general may reflect the problems and shortcomings of Russian society of that time.
A. N. Ostrovsky, in the play “The Thunderstorm,” which he wrote in 1859, showed the life and customs of Russian provincial society of that time. He revealed the problems of morality and the shortcomings of this society, which we will try to consider by showing the main features of the tyranny of some of the characters in the play. In this case, it makes sense to take two of the most prominent representatives of society during Ostrovsky’s time - Dikiy and Kabanikha. By examining these characters separately and comparing them, we will be able to identify the main features of tyranny and also some vices and shortcomings.
The actions that characterize the tyranny of the Wild and Kabanikha are of particular interest. Dikoy is rude and straightforward in his aggressiveness; he commits actions that sometimes cause bewilderment and surprise among others. He is capable of offending and beating a man without giving him money, and then in front of everyone standing in the dirt in front of him, asking for forgiveness. He is a brawler, and in his violence he is capable of throwing thunder and lightning at his household, who are hiding from him in fear.
Kabanikha is absurdly blindly devoted to her old traditions, forcing everyone at home to dance to her tune. She forces Tikhon to say goodbye to his wife in the old-fashioned way, causing laughter and a feeling of regret among those around him.
It remains to be noted that both Dikoy and Kabanikha are very pious and religious. Dikoy, for example, sees retribution in a thunderstorm.
So, we have examined the main features of the heroes’ tyranny. The question remains to be clarified: which of them is more terrible in his life concept and principles? On the one hand, it seems that Dikoy is ruder, stronger and, therefore, scarier. But, taking a closer look, we see that Dikoy is only capable of screaming and rampaging. But the terrible and despotic essence of Kabanikha is revealed to us. She managed to subjugate everyone, keeps everything under control, she even tries to manage people’s relationships, which leads Katerina to death. The Pig is cunning and smart, unlike the Wild One, and this makes her more terrible.
So, all of the above, in my opinion, not only shows the main features of the tyranny of Kabanikha and Dikiy, but in general may reflect the problems and shortcomings of Russian society of that time.
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