Gabdulla Tukay
(1886-1913)

Musa Җәlil
(1906-1944)

TATARLARY FAMILYALOR (Tatar surnames)
All Tatar surnames are derived from the names of some male ancestor.

• Initially, the surname was the father's name.
  • Among the older generation, this rule can still be traced in their full name, patronymic and surname.
• Under Soviet rule, this rule gradually disappeared - the grandson began to bear his father's surname, derived from his grandfather's name.
  • Subsequently, this surname did not change and spread to all descendants.
• Usually, Tatar surnames have two spellings:
  • with Russian ending " -ev», « -s», « -in"and so on, for example, "Tukaev", "Saidashev"
  • without ending, for example, "Tukai", “SӘYDӘSH (Saidash)”
    • The option without ending is often used in Tatar literature, sometimes when communicating among native speakers, often as a pseudonym:
    • When talking with Russian speakers, as well as in official documents of Russia and the USSR, for example, in a passport and Russian literature, the option with the ending and Russian transcription of specific letters of the Tatar language is usually used.
      • The exception is the surnames of the Tatar Murzas, service Tatars and individual Mishar clans, which have appeared since the 16th century. They often differ from ordinary Tatar surnames, since they are formed from names that are now not found among the Tatars (Akchurin, Enikeev, Diveev, etc.), and can also be formed from Russian roots (for example, the Kleimenovs received such a surname for participating in the Pugachev uprising ).
• Crimean Tatars have two spellings of their surnames:
  • with Russian ending: almost with the ending " -s", but there are surnames with the ending " -in», « -and I», « -th" Most of the Crimean Tatar surnames appeared during the Great Patriotic War.
  • educated from professions, for example, we can distinguish:
    • « Urmancheev» - « forester»
    • « Arakcheev» - « headdress", from the Turkic word "arakchin"

Origin of Tatar surnames

Studying ethnic composition population of Russia, you can notice that a significant part of the inhabitants of our country are Tatars. And this is no coincidence, history Russian state has developed in such a way that at the moment representatives of many nations and nationalities live on its territory. And one of the most numerous ethnic groups are the Tatar peoples. And, despite the fact that for decades and centuries there has been a mixture of nations and nationalities, the Tatars were able to preserve their national language, their culture and traditions. Tatar surnames refer specifically to such national characteristics and traditions.
The origin of Tatar surnames goes back centuries, when, like other nations, the richest and most noble representatives of the Tatar family were the first to acquire surnames. And only by the 20th century the rest of the people of Tatar origin received surnames. Until this moment, that is, while there were no surnames, the kinship relations of the Tatars were determined by their tribal affiliation. WITH early years every representative of the Tatar people remembered the names of their paternal ancestors. At the same time, the generally accepted norm was to know your family up to seven generations.

Features of Tatar surnames

There is a significant difference between well-known Tatar surnames, given names and the complete formula for the formation of Tatar names. It turns out that the complete formula for Tatar naming consists of the first name, patronymic and last name. At the same time, patronymics among the ancient Tatars were formed from the naming of the father, to which “uly” (son) or “kyzy” (daughter) was added. Over time, these traditions in the formation of Tatar patronymics and surnames mixed with Russian traditions of word formation. As a result, at the moment it can be considered that the vast majority of Tatar surnames were formed as derivatives from the names of male ancestors. At the same time, to form a surname, Russian endings were added to the male name: “-ov”, “-ev”, “-in”. These are, for example, the following Tatar surnames: Bashirov, Busaev, Yunusov, Yuldashev, Sharkhimullin, Abaidullin, Turgenev, Safin. This list of Tatar surnames can be quite large, since it was male names that were the main source for the formation of Tatar surnames. If we talk about the meaning that these surnames have, then it is obvious that it will repeat the meaning of the naming from which a specific surname is derived.
According to statistical data, the number of Tatar surnames with endings “-ev”, “-ov” exceeds Tatar surnames with the ending “-in” by approximately three times.

Other Tatar surnames

Also, the origin of some Tatar surnames was associated with professions. This type of surname exists among almost all nations, and Tatar surnames in this sense are no exception. Examples of surnames whose origin is associated with professions may include the following surnames: Urmancheev (forester), Arakcheev (vodka merchant) and others.

ABASHEVS. In the nobility since 1615 (OGDR, VIII, p. 42). From Abash Ulan - the governor of the Kazan Khan, who in 1499 switched to Russian service. In 1540, the Abashevs Alyosha, Chulok, and Bashmak were mentioned as residents of Tver; in 1608, Abashev Avtal Cheremisin was noted in the Cheboksary district (Veselovsky 1974, p. 9). According to N.A. Vaskakov (1979, p. 216), the surname comes from the Tatar aba “paternal uncle”, abas “uncle”. Subsequently, famous scientists, military men, doctors.

ABDULOV. A common surname from the Muslim name Abdulla (Gabdulla) “Servant of God; Servant of Allah” Widely used by Kazan residents; for example, the Kazan king Abdul-Letif was captured in 1502 and Kashira was allocated to him as an inheritance. Subsequently, the Abdulovs became a well-known family of nobles, scientists, artists, etc.
ABDULOV. Landowners from the 18th century On behalf of Abdullah (see ABDULOV); perhaps from the Turkic-Mongolian avdil “changeable person.” In this regard, see the name of the Golden Horde king Avdul, known in the 1360s

AGDAVLETOVS. Nobles since the 17th century. From the Golden Horde (BC, II, p. 280, No. 105; Zagoskin 1875, No. 1), cf.: Turkic-Arabic. akdavlet "white wealth" (allegorically - "white bone").

AGISHEVA. Nobles since the 17th century. From Agish Alexei Kaliteevsky from Kazan (first half of the 16th century), mentioned in Pskov in 1550 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 9); in the first half of the 16th century, Agish Gryaznoy was ambassador to Turkey and Crimea; in 1667, Agish Fedor was a messenger to England and Holland.
AKISHEVS. Served from the middle of the 17th century: Gryaznoy Akishev - clerk in Moscow in 1637, clerk in 1648 No. 5) (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). See also Agishevs. The surname is transparently Turkic-Tatar - from 1974, Akish, Agish.

ITEMIROVY. Served from the middle of the 17th century: Ivan Aitemirov - clerk in Moscow in 1660, in Verkhoturye in 1661-1662; Vasily Aytemirov - in 1696 ambassador to Poland, in 1696-1700 - clerk of the Siberian Order

AKCHURINS. Mishar-Mordovian prince Adash in the 15th century, the ancestor of the Murzas and nobles of the Akchurins (RBS, 1, p. 62). In the XVII - XVIII centuries- famous officials, diplomats, military men (RBS, 1, pp. 108 - 109). The surname is from the Turkic-Bulgar ak chur - “white hero”.

ALABERDIEVS. From Alaberdiev, baptized in 1600 under the name Yakov, and placed in Novgorod (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). From the Volga Tatar alla barde "God gave."

ALTYSHEVS. Nobles from the beginning. XVIII century. From Abdrein Useinov Altyshev, a native of Kazan, who took part in the Persian campaign of Peter I in 1722, and then often visited embassies in Persia and Crimea.

ALIYEVS. ALEEVS. ALYAEVS
The surname comes from Ali - a Muslim - Turkic name.
ALEEVS. Mentioned as nobles at the end of the 16th century as people from the Meshcheryaks, i.e. Tatar-Mishars: Vladimir Nagaev, son of Aleev, was recorded in 1580 as one of the ten Meshcheryans, children of boyars (OGDR, IV, p. 58), as was Koverya Nikitich Aleev in Meshchera and Kasimov under 1590 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12) . N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 158) considers them to come from the Turkic (Tatar-Mishar) environment.

ADASHEVS. Nobles from the 16th century. From Prince Adash, who was transferred from Kazan to Poshekhonye in the mid-15th century. In 1510, Grigory Ivanovich Adash-Olgov was mentioned in Kostroma, from whom, according to S.B. Veselovsky (1974, p. 9), the Adashevs came.

In the first half and middle of the 16th century, the Adashevs (Alexander Fedorovich and Daniil Fedorovich) were active military men and diplomats of Ivan IV, executed by him in 1561 and 1563, respectively. They had estates in the vicinity of Kolomna and Pereyaslavl (RBS, 1, pp. 62-71; Zimin, 1988, p. 9). The Turkic-Tatar adash means “tribesman”, “comrade”. Known under 1382, Adash was the ambassador of Tokhtamysh in Rus'. ADAEV has the same origin.
AZANCHEVS. Nobles since the 18th century (OGDR, III, p. 93). Judging by the surname, Volga-Tatar origin, cf. Tatar-Muslim azanchi, that is, "muezzin"

AZANCHEEVSKIES. Nobles from the 18th century, through the Polish-gentry, from the Azanchi. Famous composers, revolutionary.

AIPOVY. From Ismail Aipov from Kazan, granted nobility in 1557 (OGDR, X, p. 19; Veselovsky 1974, p. 10). AIDAROVS. Servicemen: Aydarov Uraz, nobleman since 1578, estate in Kolomna; Aidarov Mina Saltanovich - since 1579, estate in Ryazhsk. Perhaps from Aidar, a Bulgar-Horde prince who switched to Russian service in 1430 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 10). Aidar - typically Bulgaro-

AKSAKOVS. In the middle of the 15th century, the Aksakovs gave the village of Aksakov on the river. Klyazma, at the end of the 15th century “settled in Novgorod”. These Aksakovs are from Ivan Aksak (his grandchildren are Ivan Shadra and Ivan Oblyaz), great-great-grandson of Yuri Grunk, thousand-year-old Ivan Kalita (Zimin 1980, pp. 159-161). According to the Velvet Book (BC, II, p. 296, no. 169), Ivan Fedorov, nicknamed “Oksak,” was the son of Velyamin, who came out of the Horde (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). The Aksakovs were in Lithuania, where they appeared at the end of the 14th century (UU.O, 1986, 51. 22). Aksakovs are writers, publicists, scientists. Related to the Vorontsovs and Velyaminovs (RBS, 1, pp. 96-107). From the Turkic-Tatar aksak, oksak "lame"

ALABINS. Nobles since 1636 (OGDR, V, p. 97). In the 16th-11th centuries they had estates near Ryazan (for example, the village of Alabino in Kamensky Stan - Veselovsky 1974, p. II).

According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 182), from Tatar-Bashkir. ala-ba "awarded", "granted". Subsequently, scientists, military men, and the famous Samara governor.

ALABYSHEVS. A very old surname. Prince of Yaroslavl Fedor Fedorovich Alabysh is mentioned in 1428 (BK, II, p. 281; Veselovsky 1974, p. II). According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, pp. 257-259), the surname comes from the Tatar ala bash “motley (bad) head.”

ALAEVS. In the 16th and early 17th centuries, several service people with this surname are mentioned. According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 8), of Turkic-Tatar origin: Alai-Chelyshev, Alai-Lvov (died in 1505), Alai-Mikhalkov, received an estate near Peryaslavl in 1574 (Veselovsky 1974, p. II).

ALALYKINS. Ivan Anbaev, son of Alalykin, had estates in 1528 “according to the charters of the sovereigns” (OGDR, IX, p. 67). In 1572, Alalykin Temir, already in Russian service, captured Murza Diveya, a relative of the Crimean king Devlet-Girey, for which he received estates in the area of ​​Suzdal and Kostroma (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12). The mentioned names and surnames Alalykin (alalyka), Anbai (Aman-bey), Temir are clearly of Turkic-Tatar origin.

DAMAZOVS. As the OGDR testifies (V, p. 98), the surname comes from the Duma clerk Almaz Ivanov’s son, a Kazan native, named Erofey at baptism, who was allocated a local salary in 1638. In 1653 he was the Duma clerk and printer for Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12). Among the Volga Tatars, the name Almaz - Almas roughly corresponds to the concept of “will not touch”, “will not take” (Baskakov 1979, p. 182). In this sense, it is close to the word alemas, which could form a similar surname Alemasov.

ALPAROVS. From the Bulgaro-Tatar alyp arar (. (male hero), which, along with the spread of a similar surname among the Kazan Tatars, may indicate the Turkic-Bulgar origin of its Russian version.

ALTYKULACHEVICHY. Around 1371, the boyar Sofoniy Altykulachevich is known, who entered the Russian (Ryazan) service from the Volga Tatars and was baptized (Zimin 10 1980, p. 19). The Turkic-Tatar basis of the surname is also clear: “alty kul” - six slaves or six hands.

ALYMOVS. Nobles since 1623 (OGDR, III, p. 54). From Alymov Ivan Oblyaz, who owned lands near Ryazan in the first half of the 16th century. (Veselovsky, 1974, given p. 13). Alim - Alym and Oblyaz Aly are names of Turkic origin (Baskakov 1979, p. 127). 197< Алымовы в XIX - XX вв.- учёные, военные, государственные деятели.

ALYABYEVS. From Alexander Alyabyev, who entered the Russian service in the 16th century (RBS, 2, p. 80); from Mikhail Olebey, who entered the Russian service in 1500 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 231). Ali Bey is the senior bey (Baskakov 1979, p. 182). The descendants include military men, officials, including famous composer and contemporary of A.S. Pushkin - A.A. Alyabyev.

AMINES. Nobles in the 15th-11th centuries: the Aminevs Barsuk, Ruslan, Arslan, estates near Kostroma and Moscow (village of Aminevo). These Aminevs are from the messenger - Kilichei Amen, who served in 1349 (sent to the Horde) with the Grand Duke Semyon the Proud (Veselovsky 1974, p. 13, 273). The second version is the tenth generation from the legendary Radsha - Ivan Yuryevich, nicknamed "Amen". The Turkic (Bulgar?) origin is confirmed by the names: Amen, Ruslan, Arslan. The famous Turkic-Swedish surname “Aminof” is associated with them.

ARSENYEVS. Nobles from the 16th century. From Arseny, the son of Oslan (Arslan) Murza, who came to Dmitry Donskoy (see Zhdanovs, Somovs, Rtishchevs, Pavlovs). Upon baptism, Arseny Lev Procopius (OGDR, V, pp. 28-29; BC, II, p. 282). Estates in the Kostroma district.

AMIROV (AMIREV). Nobles from the 16th century. In the OGDR (XVIII, p. 126) the Amirovs are noted in 1847 as a Russified surname; first mentioned since 1529-30: Vasil Amirov - clerk of the Local Prikaz; Grigory Amirov - in 1620-21 - watchman of the palace villages of the Kazan district, like Yuri Amirov in 1617-19;

Markel Amirov - clerk in 1622-1627 in Arzamas; Ivan Amirov - in 1638-1676 - a messenger to Denmark, Holland and Livonia (Veselovsky 1974, p. 13). The origin of the surname is assumed to be Turkic-Arab. amir - emir "prince, general" (Baskakov 1979, p. 257). The prevalence of surnames among Kazan Tatars also indicates the Kazan origin of the Russian surname.

ANICHKOVS. Origin from the Horde in the 14th century is assumed (BK, 2, p. 282, No. 100; Zagoskin, 1875, No. 2). The Anichkovs Bloch and Gleb were mentioned in Novgorod in 1495 (Veselovsky 1974," p. 14). Arabic-Turkic anis - anich "friend" (Gafurov 1987, p. 125). Subsequently, scientists, publicists, doctors, military men (RBS , 2, pp. 148-150).

APRAXINES. From Andrei Ivanovich Apraks, great-grandson of Solokhmir (Solykh-emir), who passed from the Golden Horde to Olga Ryazan in 1371 (OGDR, II, p. 45; III, p. 3).

In the 16th-16th centuries. Apraksin allocated estates near Ryazan. In 1610-1637 Fyodor Apraksin served as clerk of the Order of the Kazan Palace (Veselovsky 1974, p. 14).

Related to the boyars Khitrovs, Khanykovs, Kryukovs, Verdernikovs (see). N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 95) gives three versions of the Turkic origin of the nickname Apraksa: 1. “quiet”, “calm”; 2. “shaggy”, “toothless”;

ARAPOVS. Promoted to the nobility in 1628 (OGDR, IV, p. 98). From Arap Begichev, placed in Ryazan in 1569. Later, in the 17th century, Khabar Arapov was known with an estate in Murom. Judging by the names and surnames, as well as the placement, most likely they came from Kazan (Veselovsky 1974, p. 14). Descendants include military men and Penzyak writers

ARTAKOVS (ARTIKOVS). Nobles since the 17th century. Artykov Sulesh Semenovich was noted as a streltsy head in 1573 in Novgorod (Veselovsky 1974, p. 16). From Turkic, artuk - artyk "extra".

ARDASHEVS. Nobles since the 17th century. From Ardash - a native of Kazan, on an estate in the Nizhny Novgorod province (Veselovsky 1974, p. 15). The descendants include relatives of the Ulyanovs, scientists (IE, 1, p. 715Text

ARTYUKHOV. Nobles since 1687 (OGDR, IV, p. 131). From artyk - artuk - artyuk (Baskakov 1979)

ARKHAROVS. Nobles since 1617 (OGDR, III, p. 60). From Arkharov Karaul Rudin and his son Saltan, who came from near Kazan, were baptized in 1556 and received an estate near Kashira (Veselovsky 1974, p. 15; Baskakov, 1979, p. 128). The descendants include military men and scientists.

ASLANOVICHEVS. In the Polish gentry and nobility in 1763, one of them was then awarded the rank of Royal Secretary (OGDR, IX, p. 135). From the Turkic-Tatar aslan - arslan (Baskakov 1979,)

ASMANOVS. Vasily Asmanov (Usmanov, Osmanov) - son of a boyar. Mentioned in Novgorod in the 15th century (Veselovsky, 1974, p. 16). Judging by the surname (base - Turkic-Muslim Usman, Gosman "chiropper" - see: Gafurov, 1987, p. 197), Turkic - Bulgar, by location in Novgorod, exit.

ATLASOVY. Nobles from the end of the 17th century, estates in the Ustyug region. Immigrants from Kazan to Ustyug. Atlasi is a typical Kazan Tatar surname (see: Khadi Atlasi). Atlasov Vladimir Vasilievich in the 18th century - the beginning of the 18th centuries - the conqueror of Kamchatka (RBS, II, pp. 353-356).

AKHMATOVS. Nobles since 1582 (OGDR, V, p. 52). Most likely, they came from Kazan, because... under 1554 Fyodor Nikulich Akhmatov was noted near Kashira (Veselovsky 1974, p. 17). Akhmat is a typically Turkic-Tatar name (Baskakov 1979, p. 176). Even under 1283, the Besermian (obviously a Muslim-Manin-Bulgarin) Akhmat is mentioned, who bought off the Baskas on the Kursk land (PSRL, 25, p. 154). The Akhmatovs in the 16th-19th centuries - military men, sailors, prosecutor of the Synod (RBS, II, p. 362).

AKHMETOVS. Nobles since 1582, clerks in the 16th - 17th centuries, merchants and industrialists in the 16th - 20th centuries. (OGDR, V, p. 55; Veselovsky 1974, p. 17; RBS, II, p. 363). At the heart of the Arab-Muslim word Ah-met - Ahmad - Akhmat "praised" (Gafurov)

AKHMYLOVS. Nobles from the 16th century. Fyodor Akhmyl - mayor in Novgorod in 1332, Andrei Semenovich Akhmylov in 1553 - in Ryazan (Veselovsky 1974, p. 17). Judging by their placement in Novgorod and Ryazan, the Akhmylrvy are Bulgar-Kazan immigrants. Under 1318 and 1322 the Golden Horde ambassador Akhmyl to Rus' is known (PSRL, 25, pp. 162, 167); perhaps a Bulgarian who knew Russian well. language.

ALTUNIN
ALTYNOV
The surname comes from Altyn - gold. Altyn is a fairly common name among Turkic peoples.

AGEEVS
AGAYEVS
From the Turkic "Aha", "Agai" - uncle. Typically, a child could receive such a name if the eldest son or daughter in the family has already started a family and can have or already has children of their own. Therefore, there is a need to emphasize, as it were, the seniority of the child - the uncle.

ASADOV
Comes from the Tatar-Muslim name Assad, a modified “as-Somad” - eternal. The famous poet Eduard Assadov emphasizes his origins from the Tatars.

AKULOV
Comes from a fairly common name, especially among the Turkmens, Okul, Akul, which means “smart”, “reasonable”.

AKSANOVS. The origin of the surname is from “Ak” - white, and “San”, “Sin” - you, you. Literally - light (skin, hair)

AKHUNOVS The origin of the surname is possible in two versions:
from the Turkish-Muslim name "Akhun".
from "akhun" - a religious title.

When preparing the material, information from the site was used

Personal names and surnames derived from them

Regarding the personal names of the Mishars, I consider it necessary to point out only some of their features that are not found among the Tatars.

1) Among the Mishar names there are often ancient Tatar names, which among the Tatars are replaced by Arabic ones.

In Kostroma, I had a conversation about the Mishars with the local Akhun Safarov (originally from Kasimov), who, while talking about the Kostroma Mishars, by the way, touched on personal names. The Mishari, according to him, treat the names of their grandfathers and great-grandfathers with special respect, which is why they try to give their children ancient names, for example Adelsha84, Valisha, Khoramsha, Uraza, Altyn-bikә, Kutlu-bikә, etc., although from The Orenburg Mufti has a special circular on replacing such names with modern names of Arabic origin.

2) The names Kutlug-Mukhamet85, Kutlumet86, Kutlukai87, Kutlush88, Kutlu-yar, Kutlu-bikә ( female name) etc., which is not noticed at all among the Tatars.

There are many personal names with the prefix “Kutlu” among the Kyrgyz: Kotlombәt, Kotlomөkhәmet, Kotlogaziy, etc.

The word “Kut” in the Jagatai dialect means happiness, Khutlug means happy. The Tatar saying “Kutlug bolsun” (let him be happy), as Frehn noted, was also minted on the coins of the Golden Horde khans89.

In the list of Akhuns of the district of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly for 1896, Ismagil Kutlugyulov is mentioned - in the village of Kubak, Belebeevsky district, Ufa province90.

Timur-kutlug is the Golden Horde Khan, with whose name there are Tatar coins92.

The history of Shikhabetdin mentions the label of Timur-Kutluk, the son of Temirmelik Khan, from the year 800 Gijra 139893

In the Turkic history, Abulgazy Khan is mentioned from the clan of Genghis Khan, Kutluk-Timurkhan, among the Kashgar khans94.

In the names of Tatar villages, occasionally in surnames, there is a Turkic word - Uraz - happiness, hence "Urazly" - happy, Urazgildi - happiness has come, Urazbakty - happiness has appeared, Urazbaga - happiness is watching, Urazmet, Urazai, etc. With similar names in In the Kazan province there are Tatar villages that the Mishars would not notice.

3) Mishars often have names with the final prefix “bek”95, for example Alim-bek (Galimbik), Arslan-bek (Arslanbik), Bay-bek (Baybik), Sultan-bek (Soltanbik), Timer-bek (Timerbik) , Uzbek (Uzbik), Khan-bek (Khanbik), Rөstәm-bek, etc.96

Of these names, one of the Tatar names is Galimbik.

Similar names were also used by the Mongolian Tatars, for example, the known names of the khans are Yanibek, Uzbak, Birde-bek, Nәuz-bek, Keldi-bek, Tulun-bek, Chirkas-bek, Gayasetdin-aga-bek, Kagan-bek, etc.97

In the list of Akhuns of the district of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly for 1896, Galei Chenaybekov is listed - in the Kalmyk part of the Astrakhan province (P.75)

In the book “Sәgyyd” (Saitovo posad, Orenburg province) on S.29 there is an akhun Temur-bek Vildanov, who died in 1271 Gijra.

4) Mishar surnames are mostly ancient and come from a Turkic root, for example Akchurin, Baichurin, Bichurin, Bikchurin, Baygildeev, Davletgildeev, Davlekamov, Duberdeev, Agishev, Ageev, Bogdanov, Enikeev, Teregulov, Mamaev, Mamleev, Mamin, Muratov, Kolchurin, Kapkaev, Kamaev, Kudashev, Kildyushev, Kadyshev, Karataev, Oktaev, Tenishev, Tukaev, Uzbekov, Chagataev, Chanyshev, Yanyshev. Yamashev, Yangalychev, Yangurazov, etc.98

Tatars often do not have a “surname”, but are called after their father. Akhmetzyan Mukhametzyanov, Abdul Valeev, etc.

In Kazan, where there are about 40 thousand Tatar people, there are only two or three old noble families.

In the list of akhons of the district of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly for 1896, the akhons of the Mishar parishes almost all have old surnames, but this is not noticeable among the akhons of the Tatar parishes.

5) Among the Mishar names there are often names dedicated to the Lion (Aryslan - Arslan), as a noble and powerful beast, for example Aryslan gerey (Arslangaley), Aryslan-galey (Arslangali), Aryslan-bek (Arslanbik), etc.

The same thing is observed among the Bashkirs, Kyrgyz and Crimean Tatars99.

Among the Kazan Tatars, such names are found very rarely, and then only in later times, probably due to Mishar influence.

The warlike tribes of Asia needed to commemorate the birth of male babies or by naming the names of predatory and bloodthirsty animals: Aryslan - lion, Kaplan - leopard100, Syrtlan - hyena101;

or giving names of birds of prey, hunting birds: Shonkar - falcon, Shahin-garay, Persian Shahin - falcon, hawk; Shaһbaz-gәrayy, Persian Shaһbaz - falcon, hawk with which the king hunts;

or giving the names of glorious kings and heroes of the east: Iskәndәr Alexander the Great, Rөstәm-khan Rөstembek Rustum, glorious hero of ancient Persia;

or they gave names with the prefix “batyr” - hero, hero, “gazy” - to conquer, Kotlo-gazy - happy conqueror102, Batyrsha - king hero, Baybatyr - rich hero, Bikbatyr - excellent hero.

E.A. Malov notes that the Mishars do not shy away from Russian names, which are assigned by adults during relations with Russians103.

Russian names are sometimes seen among Tatars, especially intelligent and well-born ones, and these are mostly Mishars. In the city of Ufa live the famous landowners Tevkelevs, three brothers, now deceased: Salimgerey (former mufti), Saidgerey (guard colonel) and Batyrgerey. They were known more by their Russian names - Alexander Petrovich, Alexey Petrovich, Pavel Petrovich and the latter's son Kutlukai - Konstantin Pavlovich.

In Yelabuga district there were landowners from the Tatar Murzas: Kutlukai Bikmaev, Ilyas Muratov, who were also known by their Russian names - Konstantin Veniaminovich Bikmaev, Ilya Lvovich Muratov. The patronymic of the first is given in accordance with the name of his father Ibniamin, and the patronymic of the second is a literal translation of his father’s name - Aryslan (lion). Various employees of such people, in imitation of their masters, also assign Russian names. In general, Russian names are given especially by those Tatars who constantly rub shoulders with Russians, and in village bazaars various traders are known by Russian names.

"On the language and nationality of the Mishars." Gainutdin Akhmarov
News of the Society of Archaeology, History and Ethnography. Volume XIX, issue. 2. - Kazan, 1893. - P.91-160.

also from this work.

Probably everyone has heard the saying: “Scratch a Russian and you will find a Tatar!” Russian and Tatar culture were in such close contact with each other that today we sometimes do not even suspect the Tatar origin of some Russian surnames.

How did Tatar surnames appear in Rus'?

Russian surnames of Tatar origin appeared, of course, during the period Tatar-Mongol yoke. Then many Tatars served at the court of Ivan the Terrible and other Russian tsars. There were many mixed marriages between representatives of the Russian and Tatar nobility. As a result, anthroponymic specialists count over 500 noble and well-born surnames that originally had Tatar origin. Among them are Aksakovs, Alyabyevs, Apraksins, Berdyaev, Bunins, Bukharins, Godunovs, Gorchakovs, Dashkov, Derzhavins, Ermolovs, Kadyshevs, Mashkovs, Naryshkin, Ogarev, Peshkovs, Radishchevs, Transchanes, Ryazanovs, Timiryazevs, Turgenevs, Ulanovs, Chaadeva, Chaadevs, Chaadevs Sheremetevs, Yusupovs and many others.

Examples of the origin of Russian surnames from the Tatars

Take, for example, the name Anichkov. Its ancestors came from the Horde. The first mention of them dates back to 1495. The Atlasovs' ancestors bore the common Tatar surname Atlasi. The Kozhevnikovs, according to one version, received this surname not at all from the tanner’s profession, but from their family surname, which included the word “Khoja” (in Tatar “master”). Representatives of this family were given a new surname after they entered the service of Ivan III in 1509.

The Karamzins descended from the Tatar Kara Murza (which literally means “Black Prince”). The surname itself has been known since the 16th century. At first, its representatives bore the surname Karamza, and then turned into the Karamzins. The most famous descendant of this family is the writer, poet and historian N.M. Karamzin.

Types of Tatar surnames in Russia

Most Tatar surnames come from the name borne by one of the male ancestors in the family. In ancient times, the surname was given by the father, but in early XIX centuries, both children and grandchildren bore the same surname. After the arrival of Soviet power, these surnames were enshrined in official documents and did not change.

Many surnames were given by profession. Thus, the surname Baksheev came from “bakshi” (scribe), Karaulov - from “karavyl” (guard), Beketov - from “beket” (the so-called teacher of the khan’s son), Tukhachevsky - from “tukhachi” (standard bearer).

The surname Suvorov, which we are accustomed to consider Russian, became known in the 15th century. It comes from the profession of a horseman (in Tatar - “suvor”). The first person to bear this surname was the serviceman Goryain Suvorov, who was mentioned in the chronicles for 1482. Subsequently, a legend was invented that the founder of the Suvorov family was a Swede named Suvore, who settled in Russia in 1622.

But the surname Tatishchev was assigned by Grand Duke Ivan III to Ivan Shah’s nephew, Prince Solomersky, who was something of an investigator and was distinguished by his ability to quickly identify thieves, who were called “tats” in Tatar.

But much more often Tatar surnames were based on distinctive qualities their carriers. So, the ancestors of the Bazarovs received this nickname because they were born on market days. The brother-in-law (husband of his wife’s sister) was called “bazha” in Tatar, hence the surname Bazhanov. The Tatars called respected people “Velyamin”, and this is how the Russian surname Veliaminov was born, later changed to Velyaminov.

Proud people were called “Bulgaks”, hence the surname Bulgakov. Beloved and loving people were called “Dauds” or “Davuds”, later this was transformed into Davydovs.

The surname Zhdanov became widespread in Rus' in the 15th-17th centuries. Presumably it comes from the word “vijdan”, which in Tatar meant both passionate lovers and religious fanatics.

The surname Akchurin stands apart. In the Russian version, Tatar surnames usually end in -ov(-ev) or -in (-yn). But certain family names, derived from the names of the Tatar Murzas, were left unchanged even in documents: Enikei, Akchurin, Divey. In the surname Akchurin, “-in” is not a Russian ending, it is part of an ancient family name. One of the variants of its pronunciation is “ak-chura” - “white hero”. Among the representatives of the Akchurin family, whose ancestor is the Mishar-Mordovian prince Adash, who lived in the 15th century, there were famous officials, diplomats, and military men.

Of course, it is simply impossible to list all Russian surnames with Tatar roots. To do this, you need to know the etymology of each specific surname.

When choosing a name for a child, parents think about the beauty of its sound and its semantic meaning. A name is the most pleasant sound to the human ear. Often the choice is dictated by religious and national motives.

Russia is a great state with many nations. During the Soviet era, Tatarstan was part of the state.

Being citizens of one country, people moved to the outback and created families with other nationalities.

Today it is difficult to imagine how intertwined the roots of Russian and Tatar residents are.

No one is surprised when hearing their names and surnames - the Tatars remain a fraternal people, many of our citizens have Tatar roots, or are indigenous representatives of the nation.

The distinctive features of this nation are their speech and their names. The speech of the Tatars is similar to the chirping of birds, it is soft and melodic.

The pronunciation is slightly consonant with the Mari dialect. Tatar folk names and surnames are beautiful in their sound and carry a semantic load.

Every state has popular surnames. Somewhere they are given to every child in an orphanage. In Russia it is Ivanov.

Russian Ivan is an already established stereotype, the image of a guy with a broad soul, not burdened with a sharp mind, but certainly smart. The surname was formed from the given name.

Other common Russian surnames:

• Kuznetsov.
• Smirnov.
• Petrov.

Among Americans, such a stereotype is the surname Smith. The Tatars highlight a whole list of surnames that are more common among their people.

• Abdulov.
• Norbekov.
• Chigarev.
• Enaleev.
• Akmanov.
• Abubekyarov.
• Basmanov.
• Abashev.
• Aliev.
• Shalimov.

The surname Abdulov has been at the top of the list for more than one year. This is the most common Tatar surname.

List of beautiful male and female surnames with origin history

Popular surnames and their origins:

Surname	Origin story
Abashev	Originated in 1600. Means in translation: “uncle.” The bearers of the surname are noble people - doctors, teachers, pilots, military men
Abdulov	Popular, translated: “servant of God.” Noble surname, bearers were people of high rank
Bulgakov	"Proud Man" Surname famous writer, a legendary classic, is of Tatar origin. Originated in 1500
Norbekov	The first Norbekovs appeared in 1560. Today it is a common surname
Golitsyn	She is mistakenly considered Russian. She is Tatar, descended from the famous prince Mikhail Golitsyn
Davydov	Belonged to people from the Golden Horde
Muratov	Surname of Kazan nobles. Very popular today
Almazov	"Won't touch you." From the clerk of Tsar Alexei. A nice and beautiful surname, consonant with the name Almaz. Origin has nothing to do with the gemstone
Seliverstov	Beautiful, occurred during the Great Horde

Beautiful female and male names, as well as their meanings

Let's look at the list of beautiful Tatar names.

Women's:

• Adeline.
• Azalea.
• Aziza.
• Asia.
• Dana.
• Dilyara.
• Take it.
• Indira.
• Karima.
• Kamalia.
• Latifa.
• Laysan.
• Nadira.
• Glad.
• Rumia.
• Sabira.
• Tulip.
• Faiza.
• Firaya.
• Chulpan.
• Elvira.
• Emilia.
• Yasir.

Men's:

• Alan.
• Azamat.
• Ainur.
• Damir.
• Dzhigan.
• Zufar.
• Ilgiz.
• Ilshat.
• Imar.
• Marseilles.
• Nazar.
• Niyaz.
• Ramil.
• Rafail.
• Rushan.
• Said.
• Talib.
• Tahir.
• Faiz.
• Farid.
• Chingiz.
• Shakir.
• Edgar.
• Emil.
• Justus.
• Yamal.
• Yakut.

By using these names you will give beauty to your children. A name is an important component of every person’s life.

Today, the state officially allows changing a name: a person just needs to write a corresponding application and choose a different name that will reflect his individuality.

If your name seems inappropriate, try changing it, check out the list above. Tatar names very sonorous, pleasant to the ear.

List of Tatar composers and other famous people

The Tatars are an original and very strong-willed people. They are hard-working, stubborn, resourceful. They believe that this nation, akin to the Jews, knows how to make money. Tatars are rarely poor.

You are unlikely to meet Tatars among the homeless and beggars. The ability to make their own way is in their blood. There are many famous talented people among them.

List of famous Tatars:

• Gabdulla Tukay is a great poet.
• Marat Basharov - actor, presenter.
• Musa Jalil - poet, politician of the USSR.
• Actress, organizer of charity events, presenter - Chulpan Khamatova.
• Mintimer Shaimiev is the first president of Tatarstan.
• Rudolf Nureyev is a legend. The best dancer of all time, actor.
• Renat Akchurin - academician, specialist in the field of vascular surgery.
• Sergey Shakurov - popular Russian actor, more than eighty roles.
• Finalist of "Star Factory" former soloist group "Factory" Sati Casanova.
• Marat Safin is a legendary tennis player of our time.
• Zemfira Ramazanova. People know her as Zemfira, a rock singer. She has been on the Russian stage since the early 2000s. Author and performer, musician. One of the best in Russian rock.
• Dina Garipova is the winner of the “Voice” project, participant of the Eurovision contest. She has a unique voice, is hardworking and artistic.

There are many Tatars among cultural and political figures. In a multinational state there is no division into nations - Russia initially did not belong only to Russians.

Not all modern nationalists know about this. Each nation is a separate faction with its own mentality, its own morals and religion.

The mixing of nations produces the strongest offspring. Scientists have confirmed this more than once.

The Tatar nation has made its contribution to the history of the state; many of its representatives still live in Russia today, working for the good of the country.

Tatar names are heard everywhere. When choosing a name for your child, pay attention to the lists above.

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