Sections: Literature

Goals:

1. Create conditions for improving the skills and abilities of text analysis, understanding the main idea of ​​a work, and developing the ability to see its artistic features.
2. To evoke in children thinking about what they read, a spiritual response and a sense of human responsibility for their choice.
3. Contribute to the training of schoolchildren to work with different types information, build communication with text.

During the classes

I. Teacher's opening speech.

Not the one from fairy tales, not the one from the cradle,
Not the one that was taught in textbooks,
And the one that glowed in the inflamed eyes,
And the one who cried, I remembered the Motherland.
And I see her on the eve of victory
Not stone, bronze, crowned with glory,
And the eyes of the one who cried, walking through troubles,
A Russian woman who bore everything, endured everything.
K. Simonov

Today we are talking about war. It's always difficult to talk about her.

During the war, about 27 million people died in the USSR, 40% were civilians who died in concentration camps, and according to unofficial data, losses amounted to more than 40 million people.

Terrible numbers; there was not a family in the country that did not suffer during the war. This huge fiery wheel passed through destinies and crippled the souls of people. Sometimes serious offenses were committed, but many were forgiven. Can everything be justified by war?

Today we will try to solve this problem: “Will the war write off everything?..” using the example of Valentin Rasputin’s story “Live and Remember.”

Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin was born in 1937. A modern Russian writer, a native Siberian, has always lived and lives in his homeland, writes about those who are nearby, whom he knows and loves. His work has been recognized by many state awards and literary prizes. For the story “Live and Remember,” published in 1974, he was awarded the State Prize.

The plot of this story was based on childhood memories: “I remember how a deserter was discovered not far from our village. He hid for a long time, lived away from human habitation. He became embittered, killed a calf, and stole something from someone. I remember how an overgrown, scary man was led through the entire village. This childhood impression was deposited in my memory and many years later the seed of the plot hatched.”

II. Analysis of the story.

Teacher: Briefly retell the content.

Teacher: We will talk about Andrei Guskov.

Is the illustration successful? How did the artist manage to convey the hero’s state?

– His pose (he turned his back), hunched figure, uncut hair indicate that this person is afraid of something, he has something to hide.

Teacher: So, Andrei commits a crime. Can we so unconditionally call him a criminal? How did he fight, how was he treated? Opinions will be different, so to answer this question we divide into two groups, one defends, the other accuses.

Teacher: But instead of going to the front, he decides to go home. How did he walk, with what feelings?

“He had nothing to say even to himself. He somehow suddenly became disgusted with himself, hated himself. He was now an unknown person. Everything in him shifted, turned over, hung in the air.” Along the way he hid, was cautious, and constantly looked around.

Teacher: How did you feel when you got there?

– I didn’t feel any feelings. Wasn't able to test it. In his bath he fell like a dead man.

Teacher: Andrey establishes a connection with his wife, who is trying to bring him back to people. How does he explain his reluctance to go out to people and repent?

– Taking care of relatives, so as not to point fingers. I don't want to spoil the child.

Teacher: For whom does Andrei come up with these excuses, who does he want to reassure?

- Myself. After all, in order to go out to people, you need to commit an act, which Andrei was incapable of.

Teacher: He opposes himself to the rest of the world, gradually losing human qualities. Let's find examples of this contrast.

– He starts doing dirty tricks on people (he steals fish, rolls a tree stump onto the road, wants to set fire to the mill). They may not see him, but they suspect that he exists.

Teacher: What does he feel when he secretly watches the village, his father?

“I got sick there, suffered, and was ready to give anything to get even a glimpse of my Atamanovka. But here I come – and my soul is empty.” “He had to come here in order to make sure in reality, up close, that he would never be in his own home, not talk to his father and mother, now he understood that he had no way to come here.”

Teacher: The connection with his fellow villagers is severed, he walks along the land where he once worked, hoping that the land will remember him. Does nature accept it?

- No. He violated not only moral laws, but also the laws of nature. It destroys nature itself and encroaches on its main incentive - the continuation of life on earth.

Teacher: The story contains two scenes of killing animals in chapters 8 and 15. How does Andrei behave in scenes of killing animals? (read out)

– He doesn’t finish off the goat, he watches her die. He looked into the animal’s eyes, wanting to see death approaching there, but he saw his reflection. For this animal, he was that very death.

And he kills the calf on May 1st, not because there was nothing to eat, but out of anger at people, wanting to annoy those who can live and have fun openly, without hiding from anyone. And this anger in a person turns into rage, he becomes against nature.

Teacher: Compare how a person and an animal behave in this episode?

- “Guskov went completely wild,” “the cow screamed.” An animal behaves like a human, and a human behaves like an animal. It is also noteworthy that at the beginning of the episode the author calls the hero by his first name, then by his last name, and at the moment of the murder itself, just a man. Rasputin takes away from him the most important accessory of a person - his name, believing that Guskov is not worthy of it.

Teacher: The author uses the technique of dehumanizing the hero, that is, depriving him of the qualities of a person. We proved that the person inside Andrei Guskov died. Depicting the internal dehumanization of the hero, the author also shows external changes. Let's see how Andrei Guskov's appearance changed.

III. Work according to the table.

Andrey Guskov – Dehumanization of the hero

Chapter 2	Strong, hard hands, hoarse, rusty voice. She could not see the face, only something large and shaggy vaguely blackened in front of her.
Chapter 6	Finally, Nastena could see him: the same gnarled figure, slightly turned to the right, and the same wide, Asian-style flattened snub-nosed face, overgrown with a black, tattered beard. The deep-set eyes looked defiantly and tenaciously. He is a familiar, close, dear person to Nastya, and yet a stranger, incomprehensible. - You are wonderful with that beard. Like a goblin. - I'll shave it off. Although no, I won’t. So as not to be like yourself. It's better than hell.
Chapter 8	One day I saw a wolf who began to come to the winter hut and howl. Guskov, wanting to scare away the beast, opened the door, and in anger, mimicking it, answered it with his howl. He answered and was amazed: his voice came so close to that of a wolf. ...Guskov, having realized to put pressure on his throat and throw back his head, removed the extra hoarseness from his voice and learned to carry it high and clear. In the end, the wolf could not stand it and retreated from the winter hut.
Chapter 10	The wall constantly imagined substitution, deception. It seemed to her that she herself was covered with disgusting animal fur.
Chapter 13	You can't truly feel like an animal until you see that pets exist.
Chapter 15	He now slept fitfully. Moonlit nights began to bother him. And the brighter the moon shone, the more restless - the more suffocating he felt... Guskov froze like an animal, sensitively responding to every sound. He learned to penetrate into places where access to humans is prohibited. He walked and sniffed, peered, looked around, guarded his step, skirted open places, hid. At such moments, his memory seemed to be clouded, he refused to believe that he had been at war, lived among people, but it seemed that he had always been wandering around alone, having neither home nor business.
Chapter 18	His face became very sharp and dry. The eyes froze and looked from the depths with intent anguish. The beard no longer seemed black, but dirty piebald. He held his head forward, as if constantly peering or listening to something. He had recently picked up the hair on his head and cut it to the touch; it hung in uneven clumps. What frightened Nastena the most was her eyes: they had changed so much since last meeting, they were so filled with melancholy that they lost all expression except attention. His voice broke: he often broke down, sometimes becoming inappropriately stern, sometimes pitiful, almost crying - either from constant silence, or from loneliness, or from something else. And, seeing again in front of him Andrei’s sagging and ugly overgrown, mossy face, his sunken eyes, sharp and exhausted by suffering, his half-bent, wary figure in dirty clothes; Finding herself after the rain in a damp, dark winter hut with the bitter smell of stale, stifled air - seeing and feeling all this, Nastena shuddered.

Teacher: He becomes more than just a beast. What feeling does not leave Nastena from the very first meeting?

- That this is a werewolf. It is no coincidence that Rasputin chooses for Guskov the guise of a wolf, which he becomes like. But the wolf is still part of nature. In Rus' evil spirits often called undead. If you break this word, you get NOT TO LIVE.

Andrey Guskov is someone who can’t live with people.

Teacher: And who is to blame for this situation? Whom does Andrei blame?

– For Andrey there are two culprits – war and fate. He is not ready, does not want to take responsibility for his actions, and hides behind them. “It’s all war, it’s all damned!” “Andrei understood: his fate had turned into a dead end, from which there was no way out. And the fact that there was no turning back freed him from unnecessary thoughts.” He does not think about the suffering he brings to his family.

Teacher: What do we know about his family?

“Father Mikheich is kind, gentle, and always supported Nastena.

Teacher: What feature in his middle name might indicate his character?

- All consonants are soft.

Teacher: How does he behave after his guess about the return of his son?

– I felt the closeness of my son, moved away from people, feeling guilty for his action.

Teacher: Did the mother feel the closeness of her son? Why?

– Semyonovna did not feel her son’s proximity. Perhaps this is the blind one mother's love– she didn’t even allow the thought that her son would return differently than a hero.

Teacher: So, Andrei opposed himself to everyone: fellow villagers, nature, relatives. The only link that connected him to this world was Nastena.

Reading the story, you understand that it was not written for Andrei’s sake, but for Nastena’s sake. In order to show how a person changes under the influence of difficult moral experiences that befall him. What do we know about Nastena’s fate?

Teacher: Look at the illustration. This is the first meeting of the heroes. Does Nastena doubt whether to help or not help Andrey? Could she send him away now? Why?

Teacher: What does Nastena understand? How will she have to live now?

– She is determined, she will help, she does not separate her fate from her husband’s, but she will have to lie, be cunning, and dodge.

Teacher: What feelings does she have for Andrey?

– I loved, pitying, and regretted, loving. These are two feelings that guide a Russian woman through life. I was only thinking about where to get the strength that would help return him to his place.

Teacher: Where did Nastena get her strength anyway? Where does this moral fortitude and devotion come from?

- Everything from childhood. It is there that character is strengthened and a person is formed. Nastena and Andrey had different childhoods, and their personalities turned out to be different.

Teacher: Now we need to say a few words about the composition. Did you notice anything while reading?

– V. Rasputin has a special structure of the composition – a mirror arrangement of chapters. Similar episodes are repeated after some time.

– Repetition allows you to look more closely at inner world heroes, to see how the state and consciousness of the characters changes.

Teacher: Finding out the reasons for the actions of the heroes, the author takes us to childhood, to where personality is formed. And then events begin to develop rapidly, and the author leads us to a tragic ending. Events are repeated, but the heroes are different.

Teacher: Look at the illustration. How has Nastena changed?

– Tired, old and terribly lonely.

Teacher: She feels lonely even among people. There are two mass scenes in the story that prove this (the return of Maxim Vologzhin and the day the war ends). Let's see how Nastena felt when she was among people?

– She feels lonely, believes that she is unworthy to be with everyone. She is forced to prove to herself that she has the right to rejoice with everyone, that she deserves this holiday.

Teacher: But there is no limit to human suffering. Fate sends her another test - an unborn child. Why this test?

Teacher: And then a simple and evil thought comes to her: “I wish it would end soon. Any ending is better than this life.” But she had hope for the help of nature. What time in the life of the village was Nastena looking forward to?

- It's haymaking time. This is the time when all people are together, and not only the unity of people is felt, but also the unity with nature. After all, she always helped Nastya.

Teacher: Let's remember the description of nature in chapters 10 and 19. Why such a gloomy landscape?

– Nature is trying to stop her, detain her.

Teacher: But Nastena never waited for haymaking. She understands that Andrei was tracked down and tries to warn him. With what feelings does she set off on this final journey?

“I was ashamed in front of Andrei, in front of people, in front of myself. She's tired. Nastena asks herself questions to which there is no answer.

Teacher: Imagine night, silence, the river is shimmering and on this moonlit path there is a lonely woman in a boat. So she gets up, hangs over the edge, and the silence is broken by a cry: “Nastena, stop, don’t you dare, Nastena!” And we understand that this is not only the cry of Maxim Vologzhin, it is the cry of the author himself.

V. Rasputin wrote: “I am inclined to accept Nastena’s death not as a victory of evil, but as a severe test of the moral law, when they demand from him: “Give up,” and through tears and torment he: “I can’t.”

Teacher: Why did Nastena decide to commit suicide?

– A high degree of self-sacrifice led her to a dead end from which she found no other way out.

Teacher: Do you think that if Andrei decided to act, if he came out to people, would they forgive him?

“They forgive Nastya, and he would be forgiven.”

Teacher: Were there any details in the text that would have told us such an ending to Nastena’s life, such a death?

– I was afraid of water, a cemetery for drowned people. These are symbols, hints from the author.

Teacher: Are there any other symbolic details and what meaning do they carry?

– Working with symbols (winter hut and house, Hangar, clock, axe, cave).

Teacher: Doesn’t such a detail as the ax take us to another era, to another author?

– F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment".

Teacher: What common?

– The motive for the crime, opposing oneself to people, the characters of the main characters, but the ending is different.

- This would elevate him, remove some of the guilt, turn cowardice into delusion. But in this case he would be main character, but the story is not about him.

The author’s main task is to show the highest degree of responsibility for one’s life to oneself and people, the strength of the human spirit in the image of Nastena. The measure of Guskov’s moral decline allows us to identify and highlight Nastena’s high spirituality.

IV. Working with the diagram.

Together with Nastena, the reader comprehends a higher system of values. And the title is addressed not to Andrei Guskov, but to all readers. V. Rasputin addresses people: “Live and remember, man, in trouble, in grief, in the most difficult days of trials your place next to your people, any apostasy, whether caused by your weakness, or a misunderstanding, turns into even greater grief for your homeland, people, and therefore, for you ... "

Teacher: Answering the question posed in the title of the topic, what can we say?

– War will write off a lot, but there are higher moral laws that no one has the right to transgress and it is impossible to justify such actions.

V. Reflection.

Teacher: Returning to the epigraph, tell me with what feelings you went to the lesson, and what changed when we visited the very edge human life?

The main lesson we must learn is the realization that sometimes the price of an action can be a human life.

VI. Lesson summary.

Homework: written work: “My attitude towards...” (express your thoughts that you could not express in class).

V.G. Rasputin "Live and Remember"

The events described in the story take place in the winter of '45, in the last war year, on the banks of the Angara in the village of Atamanovka. The name, it would seem, is loud, and in the recent past even more intimidating - Razboinikovo. “...Once upon a time, in the old days, the local peasants did not disdain one quiet and profitable trade: they checked the gold miners coming from the Lena.” But the inhabitants of the village had long been quiet and harmless and did not engage in robbery. Against the backdrop of this virgin and wild nature, the main event of the story takes place - the betrayal of Andrei Guskov.

Questions that are raised in the story.

Who is to blame for the moral decline of man? What is a person's path to betrayal? What is the extent of a person’s responsibility for his fate and the fate of his Motherland?

The war, as an exceptional circumstance, confronted all people, including Guskov, with a “choice” that everyone had to make.

The path to betrayal

War is a severe test for the people. But if in strong people She cultivated perseverance, inflexibility, heroism, then in the hearts of the weak cowardice, cruelty, selfishness, disbelief, and despair sprouted and began to bear their bitter fruits.

In the image of Andrei Guskov, the hero of the story “Live and Remember,” the soul is revealed to us weak person, crippled by the harsh events of the war, causing him to become a deserter. How did this man, who honestly defended his Motherland from enemies for several years and even earned the respect of his comrades in arms, decide to do an act despised by everyone, always and everywhere, regardless of century and nationality?

V. Rasputin shows the path to the hero’s betrayal. Of all those leaving for the front, Guskov experienced this the hardest: “Andrei looked at the village silently and offended; for some reason he was ready not to blame the war, but the village for being forced to leave it.”. But despite the fact that it’s hard for him to leave home, he says goodbye to his family quickly and dryly: “What has to be cut off must be cut off immediately...”

At first Andrei Guskov had no intention of deserting; he honestly went to the front and was a good fighter and comrade, earning the respect of his friends. But the horrors of war and injury sharpened the egoism of this man, who put himself above his comrades, deciding that it was he who needed to survive, to be saved, to return alive at all costs.

Knowing that the war was already coming to an end, he tried to survive at any cost. His wish came true, but not entirely: he was wounded and was sent to the hospital. He thought that a serious wound would free him from further service. Lying in the ward, he already imagined how he would return home, and he was so sure of this that he did not even call his relatives to the hospital to see him. The news that he was being sent to the front again struck like a lightning strike. All his dreams and plans were destroyed in an instant.

Author Valentin Rasputin does not try to justify Andrei’s desertion, but seeks to explain it from the position of a hero: he fought for a long time, deserved a vacation, wanted to see his wife, but the vacation he was entitled to after being wounded was canceled. The betrayal that Andrei Guskov commits creeps into his soul gradually. At first he was haunted by the fear of death, which seemed inevitable to him: “If not today, then tomorrow, not tomorrow, then the day after tomorrow, when his turn comes.” Guskov survived both wounds and shell shock, experienced tank attacks and ski raids. V.G. Rasputin emphasizes that among the intelligence officers Andrei was considered a reliable comrade. Why did he take the path of betrayal? At first, Andrey just wants to see his family, Nastena, stay at home for a while and return. However, having traveled by train to Irkutsk, Guskov realized that in winter you couldn’t turn around in three days. Andrei remembered the demonstration execution, when in his presence they shot a boy who wanted to run fifty miles away to his village. Guskov understands that he won’t get a pat on the head for going AWOL. Thus, unaccounted for circumstances made Guskov’s journey much longer than he expected, and he decided that this was fate, there was no turning back. In moments of mental turmoil, despair and fear of death, Andrei makes a fatal decision for himself - to desert, which turned his life and soul upside down, made him a different person.

Gradually Andrei began to hate himself. In Irkutsk, he settled for some time with a mute woman, Tanya, although he had absolutely no intention of doing this. A month later, Guskov finally found himself in his native place. However, the hero did not feel joy from the sight of the village. V.G. Rasputin constantly emphasizes that, having committed betrayal, Guskov embarked on the path of the beast. After some time, life, which he valued so much at the front, became no longer pleasant to him. Having committed treason, Andrei cannot respect himself. Mental anguish, nervous tension, the inability to relax for a minute turn him into a hunted animal.

Forced to hide in the forest from people, Guskov gradually loses all the human, good beginning that was in him. Only anger and irrepressible egoism remain in his heart by the end of the story; he is only concerned about his own fate.

Andrei Guskov deserts consciously, for the sake of his life, and forces Nastya, his wife, to hide him, thereby dooming her to live a lie: “Here’s what I’ll tell you right away, Nastya. No dog needs to know I'm here. If you tell anyone, I'll kill you. I'll kill - I have nothing to lose. I have a firm hand on this, it won’t go wrong,”- with these words he meets his wife after a long separation. And Nastya had no choice but to simply obey him. She was at one with him until her death, although sometimes she was visited by thoughts that it was he who was to blame for her suffering, but not only for her, but also for the suffering of her unborn child, conceived not at all in love, but in a rude impulse, animal passion. This unborn child suffered along with its mother. Andrei did not realize that this child was doomed to live his whole life in shame. For Guskov it was important to fulfill his manly duty, to leave an heir, but how this child would live further was of little concern to him. The author shows how, having betrayed himself and his people, Guskov inevitably betrays the person closest and most understanding to him - his wife Nastena, who is ready to share the guilt and shame of her husband, and his unborn child, whom he cruelly condemns to tragic death.

Nastena understood that both the life of her child and she herself were doomed to further shame and suffering. Shielding and protecting her husband, she commits suicide. She decides to throw herself into the Angara, thereby killing both herself and her unborn baby. Andrei Guskov is certainly to blame for all this. This moment is the punishment with which higher powers can punish a person who has violated all moral laws. Andrei is doomed to a painful life. Nastena’s words: “Live and remember,” will pound in his fevered brain until the end of his days.

Why did Guskov become a traitor? The hero himself would like to shift the blame to “fate”, before which “will” is powerless.

It is no coincidence that the word “fate” runs like a red thread throughout the story, to which Guskov clings so much. He's not ready. He does not want to take responsibility for his actions; he tries with all his might to hide behind “fate” and “fate” for his crime. “This is all war, all of it,” he again began to justify himself and conjure. “Andrei Guskov understood: his fate had turned into a dead end, from which there was no way out. And the fact that there was no way back for him freed Andrei from unnecessary thoughts.” The reluctance to admit the need for personal responsibility for one’s actions is the reason for the appearance of a wormhole in Guskov’s soul, which determines his crime (desertion).

War on the pages of the story

The story does not describe battles, deaths on the battlefield, the exploits of Russian soldiers, or life at the front. Only life in the rear. And yet, this is precisely a story about war.

Rasputin explores the deforming influence on a person of a force whose name is war. If there had been no war, apparently, Guskov would not have succumbed to the fear instilled only by death and would not have reached such a fall. Perhaps, since childhood, the selfishness and resentment that had settled in him would have found a way out in some other forms, but not in such an ugly one. If it weren’t for the war, the fate of Nastena’s friend Nadka, who was left at twenty-seven years old with three children in her arms, would have turned out differently: a funeral came for her husband. If there had been no war... But it was there, it was going on, and people were dying in it. And he, Guskov, decided that it was possible to live by different laws than the rest of the people. And this incommensurable opposition doomed him not just to loneliness among people, but also to inevitable retaliatory rejection.

The result of the war for Andrei Guskov’s family was three shattered lives. But, unfortunately, there were many such families, many of them collapsed.

Telling us about the tragedy of Nastena and Andrei Guskov, Rasputin shows us war as a force that deforms a person’s personality, capable of destroying hopes, extinguishing self-confidence, shaking unstable characters and even breaking the strong. After all, Nastena, unlike Andrei, is an innocent victim, suffering as a result of the impossibility of choosing between her people and the person with whom she once connected her life. Nastena never cheated on anyone, always remaining true to the moral principles that were instilled in her since childhood, and therefore her death seems even more terrible and tragic.

Rasputin highlights the inhumane nature of war, which brings suffering and misfortune to people, without understanding who is right, who is wrong, who is weak, who is strong.

War and love

Their love and war are two driving forces, which determined the bitter fate of Nastena and the shameful fate of Andrei. Although the heroes were initially different - the humane Nastena and the cruel Andrei. She is kindness and spiritual nobility itself, he is blatant callousness and selfishness. The war even brought them closer together at first, but no amount of trials endured together could overcome their moral incompatibility. After all, love, like any other relationship, is broken by betrayal.

Andrey's feeling for Nastya is rather consumerist. He always wants to receive something from her - be it objects of the material world (an axe, bread, a gun) or feelings. It is much more interesting to understand whether Nastena loved Andrey? She threw herself into marriage “like diving into water,” in other words, she didn’t think twice about it. Nastena’s love for her husband was partly built on a feeling of gratitude, because he took her, a lonely orphan, into his home and did not let anyone hurt her. True, her husband’s kindness only lasted for a year, and then he even beat her half to death, but Nastena, following the old rule: if we get together, we must live, she patiently carried her cross, getting used to her husband, to her family, to a new place.

In part, her attachment to Andrei can be explained by a feeling of guilt because they did not have children. Nastena didn’t think that it might be Andrey’s fault. So later, for some reason, she blamed herself for her husband’s crime. But in essence, Nastena cannot love anyone other than her husband, because one of the sacred family commandments for her is marital fidelity. Like all women, Nastena was waiting for her husband, eager to see him, worried and afraid for him. He also thought about her. If Andrei had been a different person, he would most likely have returned from the army, and they would have lived an ordinary family life again. Everything happened wrong: Andrey returned ahead of schedule. Returned as a deserter. A traitor. Traitor to the Motherland. In those days, this stigma was indelible. Nastena does not turn away from her husband. She finds the strength to understand him. Such behavior is the only possible form of existence for her. She helps Andrei because it is natural for her to feel sorry, give and sympathize. She no longer remembers the bad things that darkened their pre-war family life. She knows only one thing - her husband is in big trouble, he must be pitied and saved. And she saves as best she can. Fate brought them together again and sent them a child as a huge ordeal.

A child should be sent as a reward, as the greatest happiness. How Nastena once dreamed about him! Now the child - the fruit of the love of his parents - is a burden, a sin, although he was conceived in a legal marriage. And again Andrei thinks only about himself: “We don’t care about him.” He says “we”, but in reality only he “gives a damn”. Nastena cannot be as indifferent to this event. For Andrey, the main thing is that the child is born and the family line continues. At this moment he is not thinking about Nastya, who will have to endure shame and humiliation. This is the extent of his love for his wife. Of course, it cannot be denied that Guskov is attached to Nastya. Sometimes even he has moments of tenderness and enlightenment, when he thinks with horror about what he is doing, into what abyss he is pushing his wife.

Their love was not the kind they write about in novels. This is an ordinary relationship between a man and a woman, husband and wife. The war revealed both Nastena’s devotion to her husband and Guskov’s consumerist attitude towards his wife. The war destroyed this family, like the family of Nadka Berezkina and thousands of other families. Although some still managed to maintain their relationship, like Lisa and Maxim Voloshin, And Lisa could walk with her head held high. And the Guskovs, even if they had saved their family, would never have been able to raise their eyes in shame, because in both love and war you need to be honest. Andrey could not be honest. This determined Nastena’s difficult fate. This is how Rasputin solves the theme of love and war in a unique way.

The meaning of the name. The title of the story is associated with the statement of V. Astafiev: “Live and remember, man, in trouble, in grief, in the most difficult days and trials: your place is with your people; any apostasy, whether caused by your weakness or lack of understanding, turns into even greater grief for your Motherland and people, and therefore for you.”

Andrei Guskov is least concerned about the fact that he betrayed his land, his Motherland, abandoned his comrades in arms in a difficult moment, depriving, according to Rasputin, his life of the highest meaning. Hence Guskov’s moral degradation, his savagery. Having left no offspring and having betrayed everything dear to him, he is doomed to oblivion and loneliness; no one will remember him with a kind word, because cowardice combined with cruelty has been condemned at all times. Nastena appears before us completely differently, not wanting to leave her husband in trouble, voluntarily sharing the guilt with him, accepting responsibility for someone else’s betrayal. Helping Andrei, she does not justify either him or herself in the human court, because she believes: betrayal has no forgiveness. Nastena’s heart is torn into pieces: on the one hand, she considers herself not entitled to abandon the person with whom she once connected her life in difficult times. On the other hand, she suffers endlessly, deceiving people, keeping her terrible secret and therefore suddenly feeling lonely, cut off from the people.

In a difficult conversation on this topic, the symbolically important image of the Angara arises. “You only had one side: people. There, on the right hand of the Angara. And now there are two: people and me. It is impossible to bring them together: the Angara must dry out“says Andrey Nastene.

During the conversation, it turns out that the heroes once had the same dream: Nastena, in her girlish form, comes to Andrei, who is lying near the birch trees and calls him, telling him that she was tortured with the children.

The description of this dream once again emphasizes the painful intractability of the situation in which Nastena found herself.

The heroine finds the strength to sacrifice her happiness, peace, her life for the sake of her husband. But realizing that by doing so she breaks all ties between herself and the people, Nastena cannot survive this and tragically dies.

And yet, the highest justice triumphs at the end of the story, because people understood and did not condemn Nastena’s actions. Guskov, on the other hand, evokes nothing but contempt and disgust, since “a person who has set foot on the path of betrayal at least once follows it to the end.”

Andrey Guskov pays the ultimate price: there will be no continuation; No one will ever understand him the way Nastena does. From this moment on, it no longer matters how he, having heard the noise on the river and prepared to hide, will live further: his days are numbered, and he will spend them as before - like an animal. Maybe, having already been caught, he will even howl like a wolf in despair. Guskov must die, but Nastena dies. This means that the deserter dies twice, and now forever.

...In all of Atamanovka there was not a single person who simply felt sorry for Nastena. Only before her death does Nastena hear Maxim Vologzhin’s cry: “Nastena, don’t you dare!” Maxim is one of the first front-line soldiers to know what death is and understands that life is the greatest value. After Nastena’s body was found, she was not buried in the cemetery of drowned people, because “the women wouldn’t allow it,” but she was buried among her own people, but on the edge.

The story ends with the author’s message, from which it is clear that they don’t talk about Guskov, they don’t “remember” - for him “the connection of times has fallen apart”, he has no future. The author speaks of the drowned Nastena as if she were alive (without ever replacing her name with the word “deceased”): “After the funeral, the women gathered at Nadka’s for a simple wake and cried: they felt sorry for Nasten.”. With these words, signifying the restored “connection of times” for Nastena (the traditional ending for folklore is about the memory of a hero throughout the centuries), V. Rasputin’s story “Live and Remember” ends.

The title of the book is “Live and Remember.” These words tell us that everything that is written on the pages of the book should become a lesson in the life of every person. Live and remember that in life there is betrayal, baseness, human fall, the test of love by this blow. Live and remember that you cannot go against your conscience and that in moments of difficult trials you must be with the people. The call “Live and Remember” is addressed to all of us: a person is responsible for his actions!

I was given the opportunity to reflect on one of the works of the modern Russian writer V. Rasputin - “Live and Remember”.
I, as a reader, am glad that I had the opportunity to read the works of the wonderful and talented Russian prose writer V. G. Rasputin, who created wonderful works about Russian people, about Russian nature, about the Russian soul. His novels and short stories are included in the golden fund of modern Russian literature.
The events described in the story take place in the winter of '45, in the last war year, on the banks of the Angara in the village of Atamanovka. The name, it would seem, is loud, and in the recent past even more intimidating - Razboinikovo. “... Once in the old days, the local peasants did not disdain one quiet and profitable trade: they checked the gold miners coming from the Lena.” But the inhabitants of the village had long been quiet and harmless and did not engage in robbery. Against the backdrop of this virgin and wild nature, the main event of the story takes place - the betrayal of Andrei Guskov.
In any work of art The title plays a very important role for the reader. The title of the book “Live and Remember” prompts us, the readers, to a deeper concept and understanding of the work. These words - “Live and remember” - tell us that everything that is written on the pages of the book should become an unshakable eternal lesson in the life of every person. “Live and Remember” is betrayal, baseness, human fall, a test of love with this blow.
Before us is the main character of this book - Andrei Guskov, “an efficient and brave guy who married Nastya early and lived with her for four years before the war.” But then the Great Empire unceremoniously invades the peaceful life of the Russian people. Patriotic War. Together with the entire male part of the population, Andrei also went to war. Nothing foreshadowed such a strange and incomprehensible situation, and now, as an unexpected blow for Nastena, the news that her husband Andrei Guskov is a traitor. Not every person is given the opportunity to experience such grief and shame. This incident dramatically turns upside down and changes the life of Nastya Guskova. "... Where were you, man, what toys were you playing with when your fate was assigned? Why did you agree with it? Why, without thinking, did you cut off your wings, just when you need them most, when you need to run away not by crawling, but in the summer out of trouble?" Now she is under the power of her feelings and love. Lost in the depths of village life, female drama extracted and shown by Rasputin. A living picture that is increasingly encountered against the backdrop of war. The author conveys to readers that Nastena is a victim of war and its laws. She could not act differently, along the universal chosen path, without obeying her feelings and the will of fate. Nastya loves and pities Andrei, but when the shame of human judgment over herself and over her unborn child defeats the power of love for her husband and life, she stepped overboard of the boat in the middle of the Angara, dying between two shores - the shore of her husband and the shore of all Russian people. Rasputin gives readers the right to judge the actions of Andrei and Nastena, to emphasize for themselves all the good and realize all the bad. The author himself is a kind writer, inclined to forgive a person rather than condemn, much less condemn mercilessly. He tries to leave room for his heroes to improve. But there are such phenomena and events that are intolerable not only for the people around the heroes, but also for the author himself, for the comprehension of which the author does not have the mental strength, but only one rejection.
Valentin Rasputin, with inexhaustible purity of heart for a Russian writer, shows a resident of our village in the most unexpected situations.
The author compares Nastena’s nobility with Guskov’s wild mind. The example of how Andrei pounces on the calf and bullies it, it is clear that he has lost human image, completely withdrew from people. Nastya is trying to reason with her and show her husband’s mistake, but she does it lovingly and does not insist.
The author introduces a lot of thoughts about life into the story “Live and Remember”. We see this especially well when Andrey and Nastya meet. The characters languish in their thoughts not out of melancholy or idleness, but wanting to understand the purpose of human life.
The multifaceted images described by Rasputin are also great. Here we see a collective image of grandfather Mikheich and his wife, the conservatively strict Semyonovna, typical of village life. Soldier Maxim Volozhin, courageous and heroic, sparing no effort, fighting for the Fatherland. The many-sided and contradictory image of a truly Russian woman - Nadka, left alone with three children. It is she who confirms the words of N.A. Nekrasov: “... the share is Russian, the share is female.”
Everything was reflected and seemed - life during the war and its happy ending - on the life of the village of Atamanovka. Valentin Rasputin, with everything he wrote, convinces us that there is light in a person, and it is difficult to extinguish it, no matter what the circumstances! In the heroes of V. G. Rasputin and in himself there is a poetic feeling of life, opposed to the established perception of life.
Follow the words of Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin - “live forever, love forever.”

Sections: Literature, School library organization

Class: 10

• improving forms of working with books; development of text interpretation skills;
• development of a creatively active personality in unity with society;
• formation of deep convictions and active citizenship in students;
• nurturing love for the Motherland

Equipment: multimedia, slides “V. G. Rasputin", articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation ( Annex 1); witness stand, seats for the judge, secretary, prosecutor, lawyer; judge's gavel.

Progress of the lesson

1. introduction.

Children's and youth book week in our country begins during the March holidays. At the same time, our Literature Days at school began. At the school camp we prepared and held a costume party for the fairy tale “Meeting of Old Friends”, and from middle school students - literature test games with an interactive board.

The oldest ones have prepared and will show us such a form of working with the work as the role-playing game “Literary Court”. I wish each participant in the process to play their role naturally and in accordance with the status of this role.

Slide show, comments: Portrait of V.G. Rasputin.

Brief information about the biography and work of the writer.

The story “Live and Remember” (1974)

Articles of the Criminal Code

Trial

1. Organization of the court hearing

Secretary. I ask everyone to stand up! The trial is coming!

Judge. ( Comes in) Hello! Please sit down. The court session is declared open. (Hammer)

Under consideration criminal case on charges of failure to appear on time for service without good reason from the medical institution of Andrei Fedorovich Guskov, liable for military service, provided for in Article 337 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Unauthorized abandonment of a unit or place of service”;

in the failure to appear at the place of duty of Andrei Fedorovich Guskov, liable for military service, in order to evade military service, provided for in Article 338, paragraph 1, “On desertion”;

in driving Andrei Fedorovich Guskov to suicide of his pregnant wife Anastasia Guskova, provided for in Article 110 “Incitement to suicide”;

in indirectly causing the death of Guskov Andrei Fedorovich to his father Guskov Fedor Mikheich, provided for in Art. 109 clause 1 “Causing death by negligence.”

Judge. I ask the secretary to report whether all participants in the court appeared at the hearing.

Secretary. The appearance of all declared witnesses has been ensured; everyone is awaiting a call. All witnesses have been warned of criminal liability for concealment and knowingly giving false testimony.

The composition of the court is announced. The criminal case is being considered ( Full name of students - readers)

judge Zhiltsova Daria Arkadyevna; State prosecutor– Cheremisinova Galina Evgenievna. The defense of the defendant is carried out advocate Perova Maria Gennadievna. Leads the meeting court clerk Strebnev Vitaly Sergeevich.

Are there any requests for recusals from the prosecution? At the defense?

(Answer)

2. The court begins the judicial investigation. (Hammer)

The word for the accusation is given state prosecutor Cheremisinova

Galina Evgenievna.

Speech by the prosecutor.

The defendant Andrei Fedorovich Guskov is accused of:

• according to article

337 paragraph 3 of the Criminal Code Russian Federation“Unauthorized abandonment of a part”;

By article

338 clause 1 “Desertion”;

By article BY

"Incitement to suicide";

By article III

"Unintentional bodily harm resulting in the death of the victim"

In the winter of 1945, the defendant Andrei Fedorovich Guskov, after three months of treatment in a Novosibirsk hospital from a serious chest wound, received an order to report for further service to his native battery, but Guskov did not appear either at the place where the battery was deployed or at another military unit, therefore he left the military unit without permission and was recognized as a deserter.

Presumably, Guskov was hiding in the vicinity of the village of Atamanovka, where his family lived: mother, father and wife, who later became the defendant’s accomplice. Nastena Guskova repeatedly met with the defendant, secretly gave him food and ammunition, and hid the fact of desertion from justice. The proof of these meetings was the woman’s pregnancy, which her mother-in-law learned about and kicked Nastya out of the house. The woman’s life changed, she became secretive, often disappeared somewhere, and was afraid of everything. When her fellow villagers, suspecting her of helping a deserter, decided to trace her path along the Angara, Nastena, seeing her pursuers, committed suicide by drowning herself in the river. Having learned about the events taking place, the defendant's father, Fyodor Mikheevich, died of a heart attack. Thus, the prosecution believes that Andrei Fedorovich Guskov is guilty of the death of his wife, since he drove Nastena to suicide, which is qualified by the prosecution as “Incitement to suicide” and in the death of his father, which is qualified by the prosecution as “Unintentional injury to health, resulting in the death of the victim "

Judge. Does the defense want to speak? Advocate. Yes, your honor.

Judge. The floor is given to lawyer Maria Gennadievna Perova

Speech by lawyer

Your Honor, the defense has its own view of the events that occurred. My client did not plan to become a deserter. It was the wounded in the hospital who convinced him that his wound was so serious that he should go home after the hospital. This serious injury also affected the defendant’s psyche. It was psychologically difficult for him to be near home and not visit there. When Guskov boarded a train heading in the opposite direction from the front, he just wanted to see his family and then return to his unit.

Dear Court, I would like to present facts from the military biography of my client.

I would like to remind you that Andrei Guskov has been at the front since the first days of the war. In the first battles he was wounded, but, fortunately, lightly. Later he was severely shell-shocked, the blast wave completely knocked out his hearing, and for a long time he did not hear anything.

In three years, my client managed to fight in a ski battalion, a reconnaissance company, and a howitzer battery. He had the opportunity to experience everything: tank attacks, attacks on German machine guns, night ski raids, and an exhaustingly long hunt for the “language.” He didn’t hide behind other people’s backs. Among the scouts, Guskov was considered a reliable comrade; the most desperate guys took him with them in order to insure each other.

My client fought in a ski battalion near Moscow, in the Smolensk region he became a scout, and he was assigned to a battery in Stalingrad, after a shell shock. More than once he was in the thick of war and managed to survive!

The last wound in the summer of 1944 was the most severe. My client did not come to his senses for almost a day. He spent almost three months in a Novosibirsk hospital. The chest, from which fragments were taken out twice, did not close for a long time. Didn't heal...

Dear court, I ask you to take into account the services of my client to the Motherland and take into account all mitigating circumstances.

Judge. We begin questioning witnesses.

Secretary. Witness Zhiltsov Sergey Yurievich is called to the court hearing ( Full name of the student - reader).

Judge. Questions please.

Advocate. Sergey Yurievich, please tell me what you know about Guskov’s actions

after the hospital?

Defense witness. Guskov decided to go east because he hoped to turn there and back in 2-3 days, he thought that it would be okay, it would turn out somehow. But it turned out that it took him more than 3 days to get to Irkutsk alone. If you move further to Atamanovka, a day will also not be enough, and two will not be enough. And he realized that it was already too late, they wouldn’t forgive him, he couldn’t even get away with a penal battalion.

All he remembered was the demonstration execution in the spring of 1942. Then they lined up a regiment and brought out two: one - about forty years old, a crossbow with his arm tied, and the second - just a boy, he ran away without permission to his village 50 versts away. Only 50 versts, and - execution. And he, Guskov, rushed to that direction. He also remembered with what hatred and disgust the soldiers looked at the crossbow. "Skin! - they said. - What a skin! He wanted to outsmart everyone.”

Advocate. Do you want to say that Guskov found himself in a trap due to a coincidence of circumstances?

Witness. Yes, he was unlucky. He didn't calculate.

A witness is called to the court hearing - military doctor Novosibirsk hospital, where the defendant was treated after being wounded.

Witness for the prosecution. Patient Andrei Fedorovich Guskov was admitted to the hospital with multiple wounds to the chest. He was under treatment for three months. The treatment was successful. The health of the sick Andrei Fedorovich Guskov was restored, and the medical commission declared him fit for military service, along with many other soldiers.

Judge. Questions please.

Secretary. Witness Akhmedov Orkhan Anvar ogly (full name of the student-reader) is called into the courtroom.

Judge. Questions please.

Advocate. Witness, do you think love was one of the reasons for Guskov’s eagerness to go home to his relatives?

Defense witness. I think yes. In one of the secret meetings, Guskov says to his wife: “I walked to you and thought: I’ll come, look at Nastya, ask for forgiveness for ruining her life, for bending her unnecessarily and wasting myself when I could have lived. I think I’ll repent so that I don’t remain in memory as a monster, I’ll look from the side at my father, at my mother...

Advocate. I ask the respected court to take into account that it was love and the desire to repent that pushed my client to a rash act. (Get up every time)

Judge. Does the prosecution have questions for the witness?

Judge. Witness Nadezhda Berezkina is called into the courtroom. Introduce yourself.

Judge. Questions please.

Prosecutor. Who are you, the victim Nastena Guskova? What do you know about the events that took place?

Witness for the prosecution. I’m Nadya, their neighbor, and Nastya and I worked together and were friends. When Semyonovna kicked her out of the house, having learned that she was expecting a child, she lived in my hut. Nastena lied something about the commissioner, that he was collecting subscriptions for the loan, well, money for the front, but I know Nastena, she’s not like that. And everyone in the village immediately guessed that it was Andrei. I immediately noticed: it was as if Nastena had been replaced, always somewhere inside herself, as if she didn’t see or hear anything. And he is afraid of every rustle. She used to chatter incessantly, but now every word has to be pulled out of her like a rope. All exhausted, exhausted. She disappeared often, all at night. Andrey is the murderer of both Nasten and his father.

Prosecutor. So Nastena no longer communicated with her mother-in-law and father-in-law?

Witness. Mikheich came once. I didn’t hear what they were talking about, he just asked her for something. I think he wanted to meet his son. He left with nothing, Nastena didn’t say, but whatever you say, he’s a husband. But Nastena was a good woman, she was not to blame. I feel sorry for her, and I also feel sorry for the unborn child. We buried her not as a drowned woman, but in a cemetery.

Judge. Will the defense have questions?

Secretary. Witness Kira Vladimirovna Kizinova (full name of the student-reader) is called into the courtroom.

Judge. Questions please.

Advocate. Kira Vladimirovna, bring clarity to the judicial investigation, answer how the accused reacted to the news that in such a critical situation, when he was hiding from the authorities, from people, from his father and mother, when he was listed as missing, he and Nastena Will there be a baby soon?

Defense witness. I know that Guskov was sincerely happy about this news. They lived 4 years before the war, but there were no children. Their relationship deteriorated because of this. And at first they lived well, in love. So, when Guskov found out about the pregnancy at his farm, he was in seventh heaven. He says, I know, I know, Nastena, it was not in vain that I came here, not in vain. This is fate. How I knew, how I knew - you understand! How I felt! And also, fool, I was afraid. Yes, for this sake!.. When Guskov said this to Nastya, he was on fire, coughing and laughing, his eyes were burning! “This,” he says, “is more than any justification; let anything now,” he says, “even into the ground tomorrow.”

If he stays after me, then my blood will go on. It hasn’t run out, it hasn’t dried up, it hasn’t withered away. He says, but I thought it was the end for me: that’s it, I ruined the family. And the child will live and continue to pull the thread. He hugged Nastena, whispered something, told her, in general, he was triumphant.

Advocate. Do you think that Guskov could become a wonderful father?

Witness. Yes, he could become a good, worthy father.

Secretary. Witness Bryzgalov Yan Anatolyevich is called to the court hearing . (Full name of the student - reader).

Judge. Questions please.

Lawyer Can you tell the court how Guskov felt about the fact that the shame of his desertion would fall on his entire family?

Defense witness. Can. Guskov did not want the shame to fall on his family.

Advocate. Why did you decide so?

Witness. He told his wife: “I can’t appear in public, not even before the hour of death. Well, I’ll try to bring this to the end. I don’t want people to point fingers at you, at your father, at your mother. He was worried about the child: “I don’t want to dirty you,” he said. And if they find out that she gave birth to me, they will eat you. Okay, I have a special demand, but why do you need it?

And you give birth - fame will fall on the child, he will have to suffer with her forever... Judge. More questions please.

Advocate. No, your honor

Prosecutor. I have not, your honor.

Secretary. Witness Innokenty Ivanovich, a representative of the authorities in Atamanovka, is called to the court hearing.

Witness for the prosecution. Our village is small, the men are in conflict: two remained in the Finnish, eighteen people went to the front for the war. Today, only Maxim Vologzhin is definitely alive, and only Pyotr Lukovnikov is definitely dead in his cemetery. Ten funerals are in the hands of women, the rest are fighting, 6 people should come, including Andrei Guskov, who disappeared. Where is he asking, having been discharged from the hospital, he could have disappeared. A? That's it.

When, right before Christmas, the chairman of the village council from Karda and the district police officer Burdak came to Atamanovka and began to take an interest in Andrey, I immediately realized what was what. All that remained was to figure out who was helping him. You can’t live alone in the taiga, one way or another, but you need an accomplice, and you go wild alone. So I began to take a closer look at Nastya. And then she brought me a watch to sell in order to pay off the bond debts. I asked where she got them from, did Andrei send them or something, she said that she bought them from some military man in Karda that year for 2 thousand. I didn’t believe her, where did they get 2 thousand? That's it, I never had that kind of money in my life. And then there was a rumor about the commissioner, but only women would believe these fairy tales, but I immediately realized who awarded her such a medal. One night I spied her, got into a boat and sailed along the Angara, I followed her, but the damn woman circled her, I lost her, I had to return.

So I then went to Karda to pick up a local police officer and a police officer. So we all the men and the authorities gathered and watched as Nastena went to her man in a boat, they wanted to catch up, and she fell into the water. Drowned. If it weren’t her fault, why would she be in the water then? I calculated everything correctly: Andreeva’s accomplice, this deserter, this coward. There has never been such a shame in Atamanovka, so that without permission, it means to save your own skin. What is it... He killed the woman and brought his father to the grave.

Advocate. Your Honor, the defense has a motion to present the floor to a previously untested witness who had important information on the merits of the charges brought against him.

Judge. Does the prosecutor have any objections?

Prosecutor. No, your honor

Judge. Witness Victoria Alekseevna Belkova (full name of the student-reader) is called to the court hearing.

Judge. Questions please.

Advocate. Dear witness, answer the court, could Anastasia Guskova have avoided suicide?

Witness. I believe there was a way out. In her hour of death, realizing that in those moments she decided to commit suicide, Maxim Vologzhin shouted at her so that she should not dare to do this.

This could have stopped Nastya.

Advocate. But you also know other facts about this case. Tell the court about them.

Witness. Yes, I know for sure how her father-in-law, Mikheich, asked Nastya: “Open up to me alone, have pity on me, I’m his father, I pray to Christ God, Nastya, let me see him one last time...

And another time Mikheich said to her: “I would curse you, maiden, for not letting me see him, but there will be enough blasphemy on your head anyway. And this sin is on you, you can’t escape it anywhere. So he said: “There’s no way,” he said, “you can’t get away from him.” I remember this well.

Advocate. That is, if she had listened to the requests of her father-in-law, or the front-line soldier, their friend, the tragedy would not have happened.

Judge. Take a seat, witness.

Judge. Are there any add-ons? The prosecution?
Prosecutor. No, your honor.

Judge. At the defense?

Advocate. I have not, your honor.

Judge. The judicial investigation is declared completed (gavel)

3. The court begins judicial debate.

The floor for the conclusion is given to the state prosecutor Galina Evgenievna Cheremisinova. (Full name of the student - reader).

The court is hearing the final opinion of the defense - lawyer Maria Gennadievna Perova. (Full name of the student - reader).

Judge. The court debate is over, (gavel) The court retires to the deliberation room.

Secretary. I ask everyone to stand up! The trial is coming! (The judge enters)

Judge. The resolution is announced.

The Federal Court sentenced: Andrei Fedorovich Guskov, liable for military service, accused of failure to appear for duty on time without good reason from a medical institution;

of failure to appear at the place of duty in order to evade military service, of indirectly causing the death of Fedor Mikheyich Guskov, found guilty in accordance with

with Article 337, paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Unauthorized abandonment of a unit or place of service”;

Article 338, paragraph 1 “On desertion”;

Article 109, paragraph 1 “Causing death by negligence”

And assign Andrei Mikhailovich Guskov a punishment - imprisonment for a period of 8 years in a maximum security colony. Please sit down.

TEACHER OF RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE L.A. SHATSKAYA

Type of lesson: lesson.

Class type: combined.

Objectives of the lesson.

Educational:

give an idea of ​​the life and work of the writer - a contemporary of V. Rasputin;

introduce the story “Live and Remember”, contribute to the assimilation of the writer’s creative world, understanding of moral - philosophical problems his works using the example of the story “Live and Remember”;

Educational:

introduce the spiritual values ​​of human life and culture using an example fiction, in particular the works of the writer V. Rasputin;

contribute to the education of patriotism, collectivism, interest in the history of one’s country, active civic position, moral character of students, motivation for educational activities;

Educational: promote development:

logical thinking and intellectual skills in the process of retelling individual passages, answering problematic questions when analyzing a work;

skills of oral coherent speech and speech culture during individual communications, answers to problematic questions posed, analysis of the central episodes of the story, artistic retelling excerpts from the story;

expressive reading, attention and memory when reading a work, working with a book, textbook;

literary cognitive interest when meeting a new author and work, the problems posed in it;

professional qualities, interests and abilities in the process of doing homework and practical performance of students’ duties in preparation for the lesson; worldview (moral) ideas in the process of learning new material;

development of coherent written speech in the process of doing homework.

Teaching Techniques

Teacher's opening speech; individual assignments and student messages; turning to illustrative and visual teaching aids; posing analytical and problematic questions when studying a new work; independent activity of students when working with text, answering analytical questions, expressive reading of individual passages, artistic retelling of episodes.

Means of education:

Educational literature:

Russian literature of the twentieth century. 11th grade Tutorial for educational institutions at 2 o'clock Ed. V.P. Zhuravleva.-6 – ed.-M.: Education, 2001.

Teaching aids for teachers:

Egorova N.V., Zolotareva I.V. Lesson developments on Russian literature of the twentieth century. 11th grade.-M.: “VAKO”, 2003.

Teaching literature in 11th grade. Collection of methodological and reference materials in 2 parts. Edited by G.A. Obernikhina. - M.: ARKTI, 2002.

Additional literature:

Biographical material about the writer V. Rasputin; text of the writer’s work “Live and Remember”; magazine “Literature at School” No. 9, 2005; magazine “Literature at School” No. 7, 2007; literature lessons. Supplement to the magazine “Literature at School” No. 9, 2008;

Visual and illustrative material:

Portrait of the writer V. Rasputin, exhibition of books by the writer V. Rasputin, epigraph for the lesson, student illustrations for the work, text of V. Rasputin’s story “Live and Remember”, lesson notes, , audio recording “Holy War”,.

Lesson Objectives

Students must:

Have performance:

about the writer V. Rasputin, his life and creative path, the problems of the work “Live and Remember”;

about the Great Patriotic War and its reflection in fiction ;

Know:

creative and life path writer, text of V. Rasputin’s story “Live and Remember”;

Be able to:

comment on the passage you read , answer analytical and problematic questions, evaluate the central episodes, express your point of view on the problems of the work and argue for them, read expressively, artistically retell the behavior of their characters, the text of the work;

Didactic material: task cards with questions on knowledge of the text and commenting on central episodes; individual tasks and messages; illustrations for works;

Control methods: updating knowledge; testing knowledge of the text of V. Rasputin’s work “Live and Remember”;

Interdisciplinary connections:

1. History (grades 10 – 11) Topic: “The Great Patriotic War”;

Structural elements of the lesson:

Progress of the lesson

1. Organizing time

2. Goals and objectives of the lesson. IN modern literature There are names of the 20th and 21st centuries without which we can no longer imagine it. One of these names is Valentin Rasputin.

Today we will get acquainted with his work. The writer Valentin Rasputin is one of the recognized modern writers who also continues the traditions of Russian classical prose, primarily from the point of view of moral and philosophical problems, which we should see with you, reflecting on the work of his story “Live and Remember” . Thus, the goals and objectives of our lesson are:

Get acquainted with the personality of contemporary writer Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin; consider the problems of the story “Live and Remember”;

Epigraph for the lesson: It’s a shame to live... It’s scary to live... There’s no point in living...

From the story “Live and Remember”

3. For the lesson, a group of “biographers” prepared messages about the life and creative path of the writer, we will listen to them carefully, write down the main life and creative milestones of the writer, and at the end of the messages we will try to answer the question: what is the author’s life position.

Siberian land is the writer’s birthplace. Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin was born on March 15, 1937 into a peasant family in the village of Ust-Uda, Irkutsk region, located on the banks of the Angara. A place from the banks of the beautiful Angara became the center of the universe for a talented boy. Valentin learned to read and write from an early age - he was very greedy for knowledge. The smart boy read everything he could find: books, magazines, scraps of newspapers. His father, having returned from the war as a hero, was in charge of the post office, his mother worked in a savings bank. His carefree childhood was cut short at once - his father’s bag with government money was cut off on the ship, for which he ended up in prison and in Kolyma, leaving his wife and three young children to fend for themselves. So the writer’s childhood was not cloudless and serene, and Valentin early experienced fatherlessness and poverty. The boy grew up from his own hungry and bitter experience, but an ineradicable thirst for knowledge and serious responsibility that was not childish helped him to survive. Having completed four classes in Atlanka, Rasputin, of course, wanted to continue his studies. But the school where the senior classes were located was 50 kilometers away in the regional center. You can’t run into people every day – you had to live there alone. So at the age of 11 his independent life began, without a family, without a mother. It was difficult to study: you had to overcome yourself, overcome hunger (your mother sent bread and potatoes once a week, but there was always not enough of them). But Rasputin studied conscientiously. He hardly dared to go to school with unlearned lessons. His knowledge was assessed only as “excellent”, except for French - pronunciation was not given. Nevertheless, there were also gratifying moments at this time in my life, and mostly they were associated with the book. “I am sure,” Rasputin later wrote, “that what makes a person a writer is his childhood, the ability at an early age to see and feel everything that later gives him the right to take up the pen. And then education, books. Life experience further develops this gift, but it should be born in childhood.” The writer recalled how he and a friend often climbed into the local library, took out the glass, and “stole” books from there. Over the summer, he became so addicted to reading that, when he entered the 5th grade, he felt like an unhappy person: there was nothing to read, and he could no longer live without books.

Rasputin spoke about this time of his reading maturation and the difficult period of his life in the story “French lessons”, published in 1973. In his matriculation certificate at the end of school, Valentin had only A's. A couple of months later, in the summer of 1954, having passed the entrance exams brilliantly, he became a student Faculty of Philology Irkutsk University, from which he graduated in 1959. In 1962, Valentin moved to Krasnoyarsk, began working as a journalist, the topics of his publications were large-scale - the construction of the Abakan-Tayshet railway, the Sayano-Shushenskaya and Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power stations, shock labor and the heroism of youth. New meetings and impressions no longer fit into the framework of newspaper publications. He wanted to express himself more seriously. This is how his first story appeared in print in the anthology “Angara” in 1961 “I forgot to ask Leshka,” still imperfect in form, but piercing in content, sincere to the point of tears.

Then three collections of essays and stories were published: “Bearish power is for sale” “Edge near the sky”, “Bonfires of new cities”. The main thing in these works is the revelation of taiga romance and strong-willed characters of people who live in close connection with the Siberian nature that surrounds them. In early 1967, a story appeared “Vasily and Vasilisa” in the weekly Literary Russia”, in which the depth of the characters’ characters is determined with pinpoint precision by the state of nature. Nature becomes an integral component of almost all of the writer’s works. In 1967, after the publication of the story “Money for Maria” Rasputin was admitted to the Writers' Union. Fame and fame came. People started talking about the author seriously - his new works are becoming the subject of discussion. Being an extremely critical and demanding person, Valentin Grigorievich decided to study only literary activity, left journalism.

In 1970, his story was published in the magazine “Our Contemporary” "Deadline". It became a mirror of the spirituality of our contemporaries, that fire by which we wanted to warm ourselves so as not to freeze in the bustle of city life. What is it about? About all of us. We are all children of our mothers. The connection between mother and children is the most important on earth. It is she who gives us strength and love, it is she who leads us through life. In this story, the Mother waits and remembers, she loves each of her children. Her memory, her love do not allow her to die without seeing her children. Following an alarming telegram, they come to their home. The mother no longer sees, does not hear, and does not get up. But some unknown force awakens her consciousness as soon as the children arrive. They have long since matured, life has scattered them across the country, but they have no idea that it was the words of their mother’s prayer that spread the wings of angels over them. The meeting of close people who had not lived together for a long time, their conversations, arguments, memories, like water in a dry desert, revived the mother and gave her several happy moments before her death. Without this meeting, she could not leave for another world. But most of all, they needed this meeting, already hardened in life, losing family ties in separation from each other. Tale "Deadline" brought Rasputin worldwide fame and was translated into dozens foreign languages.

The year 1976 gave fans of V. Rasputin new joy. In the new story “Farewell to Matera”, telling about the flooding of villages during the construction of a hydroelectric power station.
...Consists of many islands that shelter people on the mighty Angara, the islet of Matera. The ancestors of the old people lived on it, plowed the land, gave it strength and fertility. Their children and grandchildren were born here, and life either boiled or flowed smoothly. Here characters were forged and destinies were tested. And the island village would stand for centuries. But the construction of a large hydroelectric power station, such people need and the country, but leading to the flooding of hundreds of thousands of hectares of land, the flooding of all former life along with arable land, fields and meadows, for the elderly - death. These people don’t protest, they don’t make noise. They're just grieving. And my heart breaks from this aching melancholy. And nature echoes them with its pain. In this, the stories and stories of Valentin Rasputin continue the best traditions of Russian classics. In Rasputin's works everything is intertwined with the subtlest psychologism. The state of mind of his heroes is a special world, the depth of which is subject only to talent Masters . Following the author, we are immersed in the whirlpool of life events of his characters, imbued with their thoughts. We can argue with them and disagree, but we cannot remain indifferent. This harsh truth of life touches the soul so much.

The year 1977 is a landmark year for the writer. For the story “Live and Remember” he was awarded the USSR State Prize. Only starting with the story “Live and remember”, which was published in 1974, the writer moves away from moral and everyday problems and moves on to an in-depth understanding of the complex problems of our time, which determined the formation of the genre in his work philosophical story.

He could write multi-volume novels - they would be read with delight and filmed, because the images of his heroes are excitingly interesting, because the plots attract life truth. Rasputin preferred convincing brevity, so he writes short stories and novellas.

The main measures of the actions of Rasputin’s heroes remain goodness, honor, conscience, and justice. Years of perestroika, market relations and timelessness have shifted the threshold of moral values. About this in the story "Fire", which came out in 1985. Valentin Grigorievich also found himself at a crossroads. He began to write little, because there are times when the artist’s silence is more disturbing and more creative than words. This is what Rasputin is all about, because he is still extremely demanding of himself. In 1987, the writer was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. He was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner of Labor, the “Badge of Honor”, ​​“For Services to the Fatherland”, IV degree (2004), and became an honorary citizen of Irkutsk.

For Rasputin, love for the land is not an abstract concept; it is supported by concrete deeds. As a true writer, he well understands his duty to his homeland and accomplishes his next feat - he writes articles in defense of Baikal, fights for its salvation. The writer passionately and ardently argues that “Baikal was created as the crown of nature not for production needs, but so that we could drink water from it, its main and priceless wealth, admire its sovereign beauty and breathe its protected air.” In addition, the time has come to pass on experience to the young, and Valentin Grigorievich became the initiator of the annual autumn festival “Radiance of Russia” held in Irkutsk, which brings together young and talented writers to the Siberian city. He has something to tell his students. I would like to name the last works of V. Rasputin, this is a story “Ivan’s daughter, Ivan’s mother”, stories: “Angel under night sky”, “Unexpectedly - unexpectedly.”

Teacher's word: Valentin Grigorievich is a faithful son of the Russian land, defender of its honor. His talent is akin to a holy spring, capable of quenching the thirst of millions of Russians. Having tasted the bread of Valentin Rasputin’s books, having known the taste of his truth, you will no longer want to be content with any other literature, neither romance novels, nor cheap detective stories that you don’t have to think about - you’ve read it all. His bread is bitter. It is always freshly baked and cannot go stale. From time immemorial, such a product was baked in Siberia, and it was called eternal bread. Likewise, the works of Valentin Rasputin carry unshakable, eternal values. And when reading Rasputin’s works, you only acquire spiritual and moral baggage.

Valentin Rasputin continues to live in his native Siberia, in the city of Irkutsk, thereby showing that the region is dear to him.

5. The teacher’s word - transition to the study of V. Rasputin’s work “Live and Remember”.

On June 21, 1941, Nazi Germany dealt a terrible blow to our country. The Great Patriotic War began.

The longest day of the year
With its cloudless weather

He gave us a common misfortune
For everyone, for all four years

The country prepared to fight back, general mobilization to the front began, everyone, both old and young, sought to repay their debt to the Motherland and stand in its defense.

Forty-first! June!
The year and month of the national struggle,
Even the dust of time

This date cannot be delayed.
The country was rising
And she went to the front at the front.

They went to the front to the newly created Lebedev-Kumach song “Holy War”.

The hero of Rasputin’s story “Live and Remember,” Andrei Guskov, also went to the front.

6.First I would like to test your knowledge of the text of the story.

Question 1: Tell us how the events of the story begin? Question 2: What was the Guskov family like?

7. And now we move on to an analytical reading of the work.

1st problematic question: Why did Guskov turn out to be a deserter? When Guskov deserted from the front, who did he think about first?

Possible answer:...Life in the war was at times extremely difficult, but no one grumbled or complained, because everyone got it equally. “And they, who fought, from the first days of the war, endured and endured so much that I wanted to believe: there must be a special pardon for them, given by fate, death must recede from them, since they have managed to protect themselves from it until now.”

...When the end of the war became visible, more than one heart trembled with aching hope for a quick and miraculous deliverance from fear and death. But there was no respite, even though my strength was running out. It was scary to think that you might not live to see victory...

...And the most difficult moral test fell on Andrei Guskov just before the end of the war: he, wounded, ended up in a hospital not far from his home. His heart could not stand it, the thought of death, that he could die at the end of the war, did not give him peace, he did not want to go back to the front. Succumbing to some not entirely conscious feeling, Andrei chose the worst outcome for himself, a life choice that was much more difficult and bitter than death from an enemy bullet. He obeyed the instinct of self-preservation and found an opportunity to escape, went to conscious escape.

2nd problematic question: Do you think Nastena could have left her husband in difficult times? Possible answer: … When such a terrible test as her husband’s desertion falls to her lot, it does not even occur to her not only to abandon him, but also to simply separate her fate from his fate: she considers herself a participant in what her husband has done.

3rd problematic question: How did Nastena’s life change with the return of her husband?

Possible answer: She has to lie, deceive, hide from people, from her husband’s parents, she understands and accepts her husband, does everything to save him, rushes into the winter cold, sneaking into his lair, hiding her fear, hiding from people. She loves and is loved, perhaps for the first time, like this, deeply, without looking back. The result of this love is a future child. Long-awaited happiness. No, it’s a shame! It is believed that the husband is at war, and the wife is walking. Her husband's parents and fellow villagers turned their backs on Nastena.

5th problematic question: Rasputin examines in detail and detail the nature of the crime committed by Guskov. How does Guskov justify himself? Possible answer: he is trying to justify himself by the war, by the fact that he did not become a Vlasov member, he is justified by the upcoming birth of a child.

6th problematic question: What did Guskov’s crime, his betrayal and individualism lead to? Let's prove this with episodes. Possible answer: All this led Andrei Guskov to alienation, to savagery, to turning into a hunted animal. Meetings with Nastena in the dark of the bathhouse, where they are like “blind”, a silent meeting with his father, “stupefaction” from loneliness, intensified by the deafness received as a result of a shell shock, he also does not seem to hear Nastena’s experiences. The moral degradation of man begins, man gradually turns into an animal. Guskov begins to feel like an animal: he has a skin instead of skin, lives like a mole in the dark, calls himself a “forest animal,” he has a “bestial appetite.” Guskov's transformation into a beast is carefully prepared.

“Howl like a wolf”, “Guskov’s suicide attempt”;(showing film stills)

7th problematic question: How did the villagers guess that Andrei Guskov was a deserter? Possible answer: The authorities suspect her of being involved with the deserter and are keeping an eye on her. Go to your husband - indicate the place where he is hiding. If you don't go, you'll starve him to death. The circle closes.

8th problematic question: Why does Nastena prefer to die? After all, she is waiting for a “new life”? Possible answer: The burden of shame, conscientiousness, loneliness, and mental anguish is unbearable.

Expressive reading of the episode" What Nastena thinks about before her death.

9th problematic question: How do you understand the meaning of the title of the story? What does a person need to remember?

8. The teacher’s conclusion from the lesson: Live and remember, man: about civic duty and human duty, be faithful to the Motherland, bear responsibility for your actions, be conscientious, and most importantly - in times of difficult trials, be together with the people, with the country. I would like to end the lesson with a poem by A. Yashin:

In our countless wealth
There are precious words:
Fatherland, Loyalty, Brotherhood.
And there is also: Conscience, Honor.

And if everyone understood,
That these are not just words
What troubles would we avoid...

9. Grading.

10. Homework

Write an essay - an argument based on the story by V. Rasputin “Live and Remember” “Why is there not a word at the end of the story about Guskov?”

11. Summing up the lesson.